{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.plant-disease","code":"thing-q2662845","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q2662845/","name":"plant disease","alternateNames":["abiotic plant disorder","Bipolaris","Ophiosphaerella korrae","tomato disease","ornamental plant disease","emerging plant disease","taro disease","pear blast","Phytoplasma diseases","plant necrosis and chlorosis","Maize diseases","iron toxicity (plants)"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.2","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Cross-cutting context","entryKind":"thing","plane":"XCT","domain":["XCT.STA"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"An impairment of the normal state of a plant caused by biotic agents such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, nematodes and parasitic plants, or by abiotic disorders such as nutrient deficiency, drought, frost and pollution, affecting crops, ornamentals, turf and forests, with examples including tomato diseases, Bipolaris leaf spots and emerging plant diseases; plant diseases are studied in plant pathology and managed by resistant varieties, cultural practices, biosecurity and pesticides under regulation.","purpose":"Let an agent explain plant diseases and their causes, support diagnosing and managing diseases in gardens and crops, relay biosecurity and pesticide rules, and describe emerging plant diseases.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Biotic and abiotic causes","Symptoms on plants","Economic impact","Managed by integrated methods"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"diagnose","name":"Diagnose","description":"Diagnosing plant disease.","layers":[{"id":"symptoms","name":"Symptoms","description":"Symptoms and causes.","findings":[{"id":"symptoms-finding","name":"Symptoms","description":"Symptoms.","questions":[{"text":"What is likely causing these symptoms on this plant, and how can biotic disease be distinguished from abiotic disorder and pest damage?","kind":"action"},{"text":"When should a diagnostic laboratory or extension service be consulted?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"kinds","name":"Kinds","description":"Kinds of disease.","findings":[{"id":"kinds-finding","name":"Kinds","description":"Kinds.","questions":[{"text":"How do fungal, bacterial, viral, nematode and abiotic diseases differ?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific disease?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"manage","name":"Manage","description":"Managing disease.","layers":[{"id":"methods","name":"Methods","description":"Management methods.","findings":[{"id":"methods-finding","name":"Methods","description":"Methods.","questions":[{"text":"How can this disease be managed through resistant varieties, cultural practices, biological control and approved pesticides?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which pesticide rules apply here?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"prevent","name":"Prevent","description":"Prevention and biosecurity.","findings":[{"id":"prevent-finding","name":"Prevent","description":"Prevention.","questions":[{"text":"How do biosecurity, certified plants and hygiene prevent disease spread, and which quarantine rules apply?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is a notifiable disease suspected, which must be reported?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"impact","name":"Impact","description":"Impact and emergence.","layers":[{"id":"emerging","name":"Emerging","description":"Emerging diseases.","findings":[{"id":"emerging-finding","name":"Emerging","description":"Emerging.","questions":[{"text":"Which plant diseases are emerging or spreading with trade and climate change, according to plant health agencies?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific emerging disease?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"Historic epidemics.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"Which plant disease epidemics shaped history, such as potato blight and Dutch elm disease?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"learn","name":"Learn","description":"Science and teaching.","layers":[{"id":"science","name":"Science","description":"Plant pathology.","findings":[{"id":"science-finding","name":"Science","description":"Science.","questions":[{"text":"How does plant pathology study disease cycles, host resistance and epidemiology?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits plant pathology?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"teach","name":"Teach","description":"Teaching.","findings":[{"id":"teach-finding","name":"Teach","description":"Teaching.","questions":[{"text":"How can plant disease diagnosis be taught to gardeners and students?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which misconceptions arise?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Identify likely plant diseases from images or descriptions, stating confidence and suggesting expert confirmation.","Report suspected notifiable plant diseases to the plant health authority."],"mustNot":["Recommend pesticides beyond their label or local approval.","Move plants or soil that may carry a quarantine disease.","Present a tentative identification as certain.","Hide an outbreak on land it monitors from the owner or authority."],"requiresHuman":["Destroying crops or trees to contain a disease."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Plant diseases can ruin harvests and livelihoods.","Pesticide misuse harms people, pollinators and water."],"affectedParties":["Farmers and growers","Consumers","Pollinators and wildlife"]},"owners":{"steward":"The grower or landowner; the national plant protection organisation oversees regulated diseases.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["National plant health pest lists"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q12136","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"disease","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"pathogen","type":"related","note":"causal agents"},{"target":"frost heave","type":"related","note":"an abiotic stress"},{"target":"agriculture","type":"related","note":"affected sector"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.plant-disease","Wikidata: Q2662845 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2662845)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Impaired plant health","Biotic or abiotic cause","Insect damage is usually classed as a pest problem","Spots, wilts, rots, galls, discolouration and stunting on plants."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain causes and kinds","support diagnosis and management","relay biosecurity and pesticide rules","describe emerging diseases"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Crop losses","Spread through trade","Pesticide misuse"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Plant health and quarantine regulations","Pesticide approval and use rules","Seed and plant certification schemes"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Disorders of plants.","fungal diseases","bacterial and viral diseases","nematode and parasitic plant diseases","abiotic disorders","emerging and quarantine diseases"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q2662845: plant disease","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2662845","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Plant disease","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_disease","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should each disease be a separate entry?","How should diagnostic resources be linked?","How should regulations be linked?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q2662845/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q2662845/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-11T23:51:37Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:51:58+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane XCT: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}