{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.ground-fighting","code":"thing-q2665216","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q2665216/","name":"ground fighting","alternateNames":[],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.1.0-research.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Activities and processes","entryKind":"thing","plane":"ACT","domain":["ACT.ACT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"Ground fighting is close combat conducted with one or both participants on the ground, encompassing positional control, escapes, holds and submissions, and, where permitted, strikes.","purpose":"Enable an agent to recognise ground-fighting activity, record positional and participant states, and assess permitted continuation, interruption or termination within the applicable context.","scope":{"in":["Criteria for recognising entry into, continuation of and exit from a ground-fighting phase","Participant-relative positions, contact, control and mobility","Ground-specific engagement, positional transitions and disengagement","Rules and objectives governing ground grappling and any permitted ground striking","Consent, distress signals, environmental constraints and stoppage states"],"out":["Complete models of martial arts, combat sports or self-defence systems","Standing combat except where it establishes a transition to or from ground fighting","Whole-match administration, rankings and tournament organisation","Detailed technique execution or instruction for injuring or incapacitating someone","Clinical diagnosis and treatment of injuries","Legal determinations concerning use of force"],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["A participant's ground-supported position must materially affect engagement; incidental contact with the floor alone does not establish ground fighting.","Ground fighting is an activity phase that can occur across disciplines, rather than a synonym for one martial art.","Grappling can occur while standing; a ground-fighting instance requires a relevant grounded relationship.","A fall or takedown establishes a possible transition, but does not by itself demonstrate continued ground engagement.","Ground fighting may include striking when the context permits it, so it cannot universally be equated with submission grappling."],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"ground-phase-boundaries","name":"Ground-phase boundaries","description":"The criteria that make an engagement a ground-fighting episode.","layers":[{"id":"grounded-engagement","name":"Grounded engagement","description":"Identify the support and interaction conditions that establish the phase.","findings":[{"id":"operational-ground-boundary","name":"Operational ground boundary","description":"Record the adopted definition and the observations needed to apply it, including cases with only one grounded participant.","questions":[{"text":"What support configuration and continuing interaction count as ground fighting in this context?","id":"operational-ground-boundary-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Does this definition include engagement between a standing participant and a grounded participant?","id":"operational-ground-boundary-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"entry-and-exit","name":"Entry and exit","description":"Separate the episode from preceding falls, standing exchanges and subsequent disengagement.","findings":[{"id":"phase-transition-evidence","name":"Phase transition evidence","description":"Mark episode boundaries using observable events and distinguish physical transitions from official pauses.","questions":[{"text":"Which observed event establishes continued ground engagement after a fall, takedown or deliberate descent?","id":"phase-transition-evidence-q01","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"What marks the episode's end: separation, resumed standing engagement, a stoppage or another context-defined event?","id":"phase-transition-evidence-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]}]},{"id":"position-control-and-mobility","name":"Position, control and mobility","description":"The participants' grounded relationships and their observable freedom of movement.","layers":[{"id":"positional-description","name":"Positional description","description":"Describe support, orientation and contact before applying specialist vocabulary.","findings":[{"id":"participant-relative-position","name":"Participant-relative position","description":"Maintain a description from each participant's perspective and attach discipline-specific labels only when justified.","questions":[{"text":"How are the participants oriented relative to each other and supported by the surface?","id":"participant-relative-position-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which discipline or terminology source supplies the position label, and does it match the observed configuration?","id":"participant-relative-position-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"demonstrated-control","name":"Demonstrated control","description":"Assess restrictions and stability independently of named positions.","findings":[{"id":"control-versus-appearance","name":"Control versus appearance","description":"Record evidence of constrained movement and contested control without assuming that the upper participant controls the exchange.","questions":[{"text":"Which observed movements are constrained, and which remain available to each participant?","id":"control-versus-appearance-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"What evidence distinguishes a stable controlling relationship from a momentary position during a scramble?","id":"control-versus-appearance-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"ground-exchange-development","name":"Ground-exchange development","description":"How engagement changes through positional activity, transitions and attempts to leave the ground.","layers":[{"id":"activity-and-objective","name":"Activity and objective","description":"Distinguish visible action classes from inferred participant intentions.","findings":[{"id":"ground-activity-classification","name":"Ground activity classification","description":"Classify observed activity at a non-procedural level and keep intended objectives separate from demonstrated results.","questions":[{"text":"Does the observed activity concern positional control, escape, submission, striking, disengagement or an unresolved combination?","id":"ground-activity-classification-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the participant's objective explicitly stated, established by the drill or merely inferred from movement?","id":"ground-activity-classification-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"transition-and-disengagement","name":"Transition and disengagement","description":"Record changes in relative position and attempts to restore separation or standing engagement.","findings":[{"id":"transition-outcome","name":"Transition outcome","description":"Distinguish an attempted change from a completed, sustained or subsequently reversed change.","questions":[{"text":"What changed between the observed starting and ending configurations, and for how long was the new state maintained?","id":"transition-outcome-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Did an escape or stand-up attempt end ground engagement, or did contact and grounded interaction continue?","id":"transition-outcome-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"rules-and-recognised-outcomes","name":"Rules and recognised outcomes","description":"The context-specific permissions and criteria used to interpret ground exchanges.","layers":[{"id":"applicable-permissions","name":"Applicable permissions","description":"Establish the governing rules or agreed practice constraints.","findings":[{"id":"ground-action-permissions","name":"Ground action permissions","description":"Record which action classes are permitted for these participants in this particular setting.","questions":[{"text":"Which ruleset version or explicit practice agreement governs ground grappling, submissions and ground striking?","id":"ground-action-permissions-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which participant category, grounded-status condition or drill restriction changes what is permitted?","id":"ground-action-permissions-q02","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"outcome-recognition","name":"Outcome recognition","description":"Separate observed physical states from officially recognised results.","findings":[{"id":"physical-state-and-ruling","name":"Physical state and ruling","description":"Record a positional event, its applicable outcome criterion and any official ruling as distinct information.","questions":[{"text":"What criteria establish a score, pin, submission, restart or other recognised result in this context?","id":"physical-state-and-ruling-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Was the result confirmed by the responsible official or supervisor, or is it an interpretation of the observation?","id":"physical-state-and-ruling-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"continuation-and-stoppage","name":"Continuation and stoppage","description":"Participant signals and ground-environment conditions relevant to whether activity may continue.","layers":[{"id":"participant-signals","name":"Participant signals","description":"Track consent boundaries, withdrawal and indications that continuation requires intervention.","findings":[{"id":"withdrawal-and-distress","name":"Withdrawal and distress","description":"Record agreed stop signals, observed withdrawal or distress, and whether interruption has occurred.","questions":[{"text":"What physical or verbal stop signals were agreed, and were any such signals observed?","id":"withdrawal-and-distress-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Has consent been withdrawn, an official ordered a stop or observed distress required immediate interruption?","id":"withdrawal-and-distress-q02","kind":"action"},{"text":"Could the participant's position prevent signalling or prevent others from detecting a signal?","id":"withdrawal-and-distress-q03","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"surface-and-space","name":"Surface and space","description":"Assess the immediate physical setting of the ground exchange.","findings":[{"id":"ground-environment-interruption","name":"Ground-environment interruption","description":"Record surface, obstacle and boundary conditions relevant to pausing or relocating supervised activity.","questions":[{"text":"What surface conditions, nearby obstacles or available-space limitations affect the grounded participants?","id":"ground-environment-interruption-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Under the applicable supervision or rules, which observed conditions require a pause, relocation or end to the activity?","id":"ground-environment-interruption-q02","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"evidence-and-external-alignment","name":"Evidence and external alignment","description":"What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.","layers":[{"id":"reported-evidence","name":"Reported evidence","description":"Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.","findings":[{"id":"evidence-confidence-notes","name":"Check these first","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these check these first hold for the sense of ground fighting this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-confidence-notes-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-kinds","name":"Kinds and varieties","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of ground fighting this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-kinds-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-standards-and-regulation","name":"Standards and regulation","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of ground fighting this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-real-world-use","name":"Real-world use","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of ground fighting this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-real-world-use-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-measurements","name":"Typical measurements","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of ground fighting this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-measurements-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards","name":"Failure modes and hazards","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of ground fighting this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-regional-variation","name":"Regional variation","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of ground fighting this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-regional-variation-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-neighbours","name":"Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of ground fighting this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-neighbours-q01","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Explain ground fighting in sports such as wrestling, judo and grappling arts, and their safety rules.","Describe how to find qualified coaching and supervised training."],"mustNot":["Coach anyone to use holds, chokes or strikes against a person outside consensual, supervised practice.","Teach submission techniques in ways that ignore the risk of joint, neck or airway injury.","Present restraint techniques as safe for use by untrained people on others."],"requiresHuman":["Advising on restraint of a real person, such as in security or care work."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Holds and chokes can cause lasting injury or death if misused.","Restraint of vulnerable people in custody or care has caused deaths."],"affectedParties":["Athletes","People subjected to restraint","Young trainees"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody owns the practice; sport bodies set rules for its use in competition.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q61996437","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.ground-fighting","Wikidata: Q2665216 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2665216)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":["Practice context: Cooperative drill; supervised sparring; competition; non-sport encounter; unknown","Ground-phase status: Entering; active; interrupted; exiting; ended; indeterminate","Participant support configuration: For each participant: supporting body regions, supporting surface and standing or grounded classification under the selected definition","Relative position: Participant-relative orientation and configuration, with discipline-specific labels where supported","Control and mobility: Observed restrictions on movement, positional stability and opportunities to disengage; contested or unknown where unclear","Permitted action classes: Context-specific permissions for positional grappling, submissions, striking, standing up and disengagement","Ground-engagement duration: Seconds, using recorded entry, interruption and exit criteria","Continuation authority: Authorised within agreed conditions; withdrawn; stopped by official or supervisor; unestablished; unknown","Surface and boundary conditions: Surface type, available space, nearby obstacles and applicable contest boundaries"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Participants sustain close physical contact while at least one lies, sits or kneels on the ground.","Their movements visibly contest control of the torso or limbs, distinguishing the activity from an incidental fall.","Repeated transitions between controlling and escaping positions distinguish a ground exchange from a completed throw followed by separation."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["Classify an observed episode as ground fighting, a transition or an unresolved boundary case.","Annotate participant-relative positions and changes in control without prescribing techniques.","Compare observed action classes with the permissions of a specified ruleset or drill.","Identify withdrawal, distress or official stoppage signals that require interruption.","Summarise how a ground phase began, changed and ended while preserving uncertainty.","Link ground-fighting observations to neighbouring models for the discipline, match, participants and injuries."]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Uncontrolled pressure or movement can injure joints, muscles or the spine.","Compression of the neck or chest can impair consciousness or breathing.","Failure to respect a stop signal or referee intervention can turn a controlled exchange into a serious injury.","Contact with unsuitable surfaces or nearby obstacles can cause impact injuries."]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["The International Grappling Regulations issued by United World Wrestling govern ground positions, scoring, prohibited actions and submissions in competitions conducted under those regulations."]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Ground fighting occurs in martial arts training and combat sports when participants contest control while on the ground.","Its permitted actions and stopping conditions depend on the discipline, competition rules and training agreement."]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q2665216: ground fighting","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2665216","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Ground fighting","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_fighting","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Does the registry intend ground fighting to cover both sporting practice and non-sport encounters, including ground striking?","Which definitions should govern mixed standing-grounded exchanges, kneeling engagements and momentary surface contact?","Which positional terms can be mapped across disciplines without falsely equating their control or scoring meanings?","What evidence and observation duration are sufficient to distinguish stable control from a transient configuration?","Does an existing Vercy world model already own this activity or a sufficiently equivalent concept, requiring a registry link instead of a separate publication?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q2665216/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q2665216/spec.json"],"providers":["Codex"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T10:07:06Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:29+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane ACT: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}