{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.dvipa","code":"thing-q2667336","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q2667336/","name":"Dvipa","alternateNames":[],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.1.0-research.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.PLC"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"Dvīpa is a Sanskrit term for an island or landmass, also used for the continents or insular regions described in Hindu, Buddhist and Jain cosmographies.","purpose":"Enable an agent to recognise a dvīpa in its textual and geographic context, compare attributed descriptions, and judge whether a spatial interpretation is justified.","scope":{"in":["Distinguishing ordinary geographic and cosmographic uses of dvīpa","Names, transliterations, and source-specific translations","Membership and position within an attributed cosmographic arrangement","Attributed surrounding waters, internal divisions, shapes, and dimensions","Evidence and uncertainty for proposed terrestrial identifications"],"out":["Complete models of individual named dvīpas such as Jambudvīpa","Complete Hindu, Buddhist, or Jain cosmological systems","Modern island geomorphology and coastline surveying","Administrative jurisdictions and territorial sovereignty","Independent models of inhabitants, deities, mountains, and oceans"],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["An occurrence must identify a land division or cosmographic island-continent; merely containing the letters 'dvipa' does not establish category membership.","Dvīpa as a category must be distinguished from a named member such as Jambudvīpa.","A cosmographic dvīpa can be identified by attributed relations within a world arrangement without possessing verified latitude and longitude.","The interpretation must follow the particular source: a count, shape, or arrangement from one account cannot define every dvīpa.","Translation as 'island' or 'continent' does not by itself establish equivalence to the corresponding modern geographic category."],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"designation-and-sense","name":"Designation and sense","description":"Establish what dvīpa denotes in the occurrence being modelled.","layers":[{"id":"attested-forms","name":"Attested forms","description":"Preserve the expression used and distinguish the category from named members.","findings":[{"id":"term-and-named-member","name":"Term and named member","description":"Record whether dvīpa functions as a generic designation or as part of a particular place name.","questions":[{"text":"What exact expression occurs in the source, and how is it transliterated?","id":"term-and-named-member-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Does this occurrence designate a kind of land division or a particular named member?","id":"term-and-named-member-q02","kind":"definition"}]}]},{"id":"contextual-meaning","name":"Contextual meaning","description":"Resolve the operative meaning without imposing a modern geographic definition.","findings":[{"id":"island-continent-interpretation","name":"Island or continent interpretation","description":"A Sanskrit dictionary records island and cosmographic continent senses, motivating contextual interpretation rather than a single English equivalent. [Dictionary entry](https://kosha.sanskrit.today/word/sa/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA).","questions":[{"text":"Which meaning is supported by the surrounding passage rather than by the translated word alone?","id":"island-continent-interpretation-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"What evidence distinguishes an ordinary landform from a cosmographic land division here?","id":"island-continent-interpretation-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"account-specific-identity","name":"Account-specific identity","description":"Anchor a dvīpa description to the account that supplies it.","layers":[{"id":"textual-anchor","name":"Textual anchor","description":"Identify the textual basis for each attributed description.","findings":[{"id":"passage-and-interpretation","name":"Passage and interpretation","description":"Separate what a passage states from what a translator or commentator supplies.","questions":[{"text":"Which work, passage, and accessible edition support this dvīpa description?","id":"passage-and-interpretation-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which elements come from the passage, and which come from later interpretation?","id":"passage-and-interpretation-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"cross-account-correspondence","name":"Cross-account correspondence","description":"Assess equivalence between similarly named dvīpas without automatically merging them.","findings":[{"id":"qualified-equivalence","name":"Qualified equivalence","description":"Treat correspondence between accounts as an evidenced relationship with a stated scope.","questions":[{"text":"What supports treating these occurrences as the same referent rather than similarly named members?","id":"qualified-equivalence-q01","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Which conflicting descriptions require separate account-specific representations?","id":"qualified-equivalence-q02","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"cosmographic-position","name":"Cosmographic position","description":"Represent a dvīpa through the spatial relationships asserted by its account.","layers":[{"id":"arrangement-membership","name":"Arrangement membership","description":"Locate the dvīpa within the particular set and arrangement being described.","findings":[{"id":"source-specific-position","name":"Source-specific position","description":"A Buddhist reference describes Jambudvīpa south of Sumeru, illustrating why relative positions must retain their account affiliation. [Dictionary of Buddhism](https://www.nichirenlibrary.org/en/dic/Content/D/125).","questions":[{"text":"Which set of dvīpas does this account describe, and which member is under consideration?","id":"source-specific-position-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"What centre, direction, or sequence fixes this member's position in that account?","id":"source-specific-position-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"water-separation","name":"Water separation","description":"Capture waters that surround or separate dvīpas as attributed spatial features.","findings":[{"id":"attributed-water-boundary","name":"Attributed water boundary","description":"Preserve the named waters and their described properties without assuming correspondence to present-day oceans.","questions":[{"text":"What water body is said to surround or separate this dvīpa, and where is that stated?","id":"attributed-water-boundary-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Does the account establish complete enclosure, partial separation, or an unresolved relationship?","id":"attributed-water-boundary-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"extent-and-subdivision","name":"Extent and subdivision","description":"Capture attributed size, form, and constituent regions.","layers":[{"id":"described-dimensions","name":"Described dimensions","description":"Keep measurements attached to their original units and geometric interpretation.","findings":[{"id":"measurement-semantics","name":"Measurement semantics","description":"Distinguish diameter, breadth, circumference, area, and relative scale before comparing numerical claims.","questions":[{"text":"What feature is measured, with what value and original unit?","id":"measurement-semantics-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Does the passage define the geometry sufficiently to interpret the measurement or ratio?","id":"measurement-semantics-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"internal-geography","name":"Internal geography","description":"Identify regions and features represented as parts of the dvīpa.","findings":[{"id":"whole-and-parts","name":"Whole and parts","description":"Maintain the distinction between a dvīpa, its subdivisions, and features that mark their limits.","questions":[{"text":"Which named regions does the account explicitly place inside this dvīpa?","id":"whole-and-parts-q01","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Which mountains, rivers, or other features define subdivision boundaries in that account?","id":"whole-and-parts-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"terrestrial-identification-and-use","name":"Terrestrial identification and use","description":"Evaluate geographic correspondences and choose representations supported by the evidence.","layers":[{"id":"identification-evidence","name":"Identification evidence","description":"Treat proposed correspondences with terrestrial places as separately attributable claims.","findings":[{"id":"qualified-place-match","name":"Qualified place match","description":"Record who proposes a correspondence, which usage it concerns, and how narrowly the evidence supports it.","questions":[{"text":"Who identifies this dvīpa with a terrestrial region, using which evidence and historical context?","id":"qualified-place-match-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Does the proposal assert exact identity, approximate extent, or only a cultural association?","id":"qualified-place-match-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"representation-decision","name":"Representation decision","description":"Choose between an attributed diagram, a qualified map association, and an unresolved representation.","findings":[{"id":"evidence-bounded-display","name":"Evidence-bounded display","description":"Permit schematic relationships without coordinates; attach terrestrial geometry only when an identified source supports it.","questions":[{"text":"Does the evidence support a schematic, a terrestrial map association, or only a textual description?","id":"evidence-bounded-display-q01","kind":"action"},{"text":"If terrestrial geometry is used, what source, date, coordinate reference system, and uncertainty apply?","id":"evidence-bounded-display-q02","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which existing registry entry should receive a link instead of creating another model for the identified place?","id":"evidence-bounded-display-q03","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"evidence-and-external-alignment","name":"Evidence and external alignment","description":"What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.","layers":[{"id":"reported-evidence","name":"Reported evidence","description":"Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.","findings":[{"id":"evidence-confidence-notes","name":"Check these first","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these check these first hold for the sense of Dvipa this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-confidence-notes-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-kinds","name":"Kinds and varieties","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of Dvipa this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-kinds-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-real-world-use","name":"Real-world use","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of Dvipa this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-real-world-use-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards","name":"Failure modes and hazards","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of Dvipa this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-regional-variation","name":"Regional variation","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of Dvipa this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-regional-variation-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-neighbours","name":"Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of Dvipa this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-neighbours-q01","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Explain the term and its uses in Hindu, Buddhist and Jain cosmographies, citing the texts.","Distinguish cosmographic continents from real geographic islands and places named after them."],"mustNot":["Present a cosmographic dvipa as a mapped physical place, or a modern identification of one as settled fact.","Flatten the differing Hindu, Buddhist and Jain accounts into a single version.","Mock or belittle the cosmologies as primitive geography.","Use the term to support claims of territory or national superiority."],"requiresHuman":["Choosing how sacred cosmology is presented in public teaching material."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["These cosmographies are sacred to living religious communities and deserve respectful, accurate treatment.","Mythic geography is sometimes used to back nationalist territorial claims."],"affectedParties":["Hindu, Buddhist and Jain communities","Students and scholars"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody owns it; the religious traditions and scholars of their texts keep its meaning.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q3238337","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.dvipa","Wikidata: Q2667336 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2667336)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Attested designation: Source spelling, script, transliteration, and translated label","Sense in context: Ordinary geographic; cosmographic; explicitly combined; unresolved","Account affiliation: Specific work, passage, edition, tradition, and commentator where relevant","Position within an arrangement: Source-stated centre, direction, sequence, adjacency, or enclosure","Attributed surrounding waters: Named water body, stated substance, and enclosing or separating relationship","Attributed extent: Original numerical value, unit, measured feature, and any explicitly stated ratio","Terrestrial identification status: Unassessed; no identification proposed; proposed; disputed; supported for a specified usage","Internal land divisions: Source-named subdivisions and their stated containment relationships"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["In traditional cosmographic diagrams, concentric ring-shaped continents separated by oceans around a central mountain."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["Classify an occurrence of dvīpa using its passage and surrounding terminology.","Compare accounts while retaining their distinct names, arrangements, and dimensions.","Draw an attributed schematic of dvīpa relationships when the source supplies sufficient spatial information.","Evaluate a proposed modern geographic identification and expose its evidential gaps.","Link named dvīpas and their subdivisions to existing registry models without duplicating them."]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Mistranslation that turns cosmological terms into literal geography."]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Dvipa is encountered in Sanskrit texts and in Hindu, Buddhist and Jain descriptions of the world's arrangement.","It is used in religious studies, translation and historical geography to interpret islands, continents or cosmological regions within a particular textual tradition.","Comparisons require attention to the source tradition because similarly named regions need not describe the same spatial scheme."]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q2667336: Dvipa","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2667336","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Dvipa","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dvipa","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Does vr.tr.dvipa intend the Sanskrit geographic category, a specifically Hindu cosmographic category, or another narrower referent?","Which primary passages and editions should establish the initial coverage across traditions?","Which relevant world models or registered named dvīpas already exist and should be linked?","Which terrestrial identifications, if any, are supported for particular historical uses rather than inferred from translated names?","Should the PHY / PHY.PLC classification be retained alone, or supplemented by a relationship to a model of cosmographic concepts?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q2667336/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q2667336/spec.json"],"providers":["Codex"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T09:21:16Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"not-applicable","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:29+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.interfaces":"No technical standard, law or official classification governs dvipa as a cosmological category."},"score":1.0}}