{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.chiroptera","code":"thing-q28425","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q28425/","name":"Chiroptera","alternateNames":["invasive bat"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.2","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.LIV"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"The order of mammals comprising bats, the only mammals capable of sustained flight, with over fourteen hundred species, including fruit-eating species and species that echolocate, which are overlapping biological descriptions rather than mutually exclusive taxonomic groups, found on every continent except Antarctica, feeding on insects, fruit, nectar, fish and in a few species blood, roosting in caves, trees and buildings, and providing pollination, seed dispersal and insect control; bats are long-lived, often colonial, protected in many countries, and studied as reservoirs of viruses, with some populations introduced or invasive on islands.","purpose":"Let an agent explain bats and their diversity and biology, describe echolocation, ecology and conservation, relay public health guidance on contact with bats from health bodies, and support identification and learning.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Powered flight","Echolocation in most species","Nocturnal","Ecosystem services"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What bats are.","layers":[{"id":"diversity","name":"Diversity","description":"Diversity.","findings":[{"id":"diversity-finding","name":"Diversity","description":"Diversity.","questions":[{"text":"What are the main groups of bats, and how diverse are they in diet, size and habitat?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which group or species is meant?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"biology","name":"Biology","description":"Flight and echolocation.","findings":[{"id":"biology-finding","name":"Biology","description":"Biology.","questions":[{"text":"How do bats fly and echolocate, and what is known about their longevity and reproduction?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits echolocation?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"ecology","name":"Ecology","description":"Ecology and conservation.","layers":[{"id":"services","name":"Services","description":"Ecosystem services.","findings":[{"id":"services-finding","name":"Services","description":"Services.","questions":[{"text":"How do bats pollinate, disperse seeds and control insects?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits pollination?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"conservation","name":"Conservation","description":"Conservation.","findings":[{"id":"conservation-finding","name":"Conservation","description":"Conservation.","questions":[{"text":"What threats do bats face, how are they protected, and how are invasive populations managed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific species?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"health","name":"Health","description":"Bats and health.","layers":[{"id":"contact","name":"Contact","description":"Contact with bats.","findings":[{"id":"contact-finding","name":"Contact","description":"Contact.","questions":[{"text":"What do health bodies advise about contact with bats and possible rabies exposure?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Has a bite or contact occurred that needs urgent medical advice?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"viruses","name":"Viruses","description":"Bats and viruses.","findings":[{"id":"viruses-finding","name":"Viruses","description":"Viruses.","questions":[{"text":"What does research say about bats as reservoirs of viruses, with findings attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which findings are contested?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"learn","name":"Learn","description":"Culture and teaching.","layers":[{"id":"culture","name":"Culture","description":"Bats in culture.","findings":[{"id":"culture-finding","name":"Culture","description":"Culture.","questions":[{"text":"How are bats viewed in different cultures, and which myths are unfounded?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"teach","name":"Teach","description":"Teaching.","findings":[{"id":"teach-finding","name":"Teach","description":"Teaching.","questions":[{"text":"How can bats be taught and observed safely?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which misconceptions arise?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Identify bat species from calls or sightings and report them to bat recording schemes.","Monitor roosts for authorized conservation workers without disturbing them."],"mustNot":["Disturb, block or destroy a bat roost, which is protected in many countries.","Handle bats without training and vaccination because some carry rabies-related viruses.","Promote killing bats to control disease or pests.","Use lights or equipment that disrupt bat flight paths at known roosts."],"requiresHuman":["Building or demolition work where bats roost.","Rescuing a grounded or injured bat."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Many bat species are endangered and legally protected.","Fear of bats and disease can lead to persecution that harms ecosystems."],"affectedParties":["Bats","People who handle them","Ecosystems relying on pollination and insect control"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody: wild and protected by law.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Biodiversity occurrence databases"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q110551885","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"mammal","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"pathogen","type":"related","note":"viruses carried by bats"},{"target":"vaccine","type":"related","note":"rabies prevention after exposure"},{"target":"nature conservation","type":"related","note":"bat protection"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.chiroptera","Wikidata: Q28425 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28425)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Body mass:  g - Body mass is measured with a suitable balance and interpreted by species, age and reproductive condition.","Wingspan:  cm - Wingspan is measured between the wing tips at a documented degree of extension.","Forearm length:  mm - Forearm length is measured between anatomical landmarks at the elbow and wrist using a species-appropriate measurement protocol.","Head and body length:  mm - Length is measured from the snout to the base of the tail using a documented anatomical convention."]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Bats are the only mammals capable of sustained powered flight.","Fruit feeding and echolocation are not mutually exclusive traits and cannot reliably be established by appearance alone.","Flying squirrels glide, while birds are not mammals.","Small to medium mammals with membranous wings."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain diversity and biology","describe echolocation and ecology","relay health guidance","support identification"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Rabies and other zoonotic risks from handling bats","Roost destruction","Persecution based on myths"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Wildlife protection laws for bats","Building and roost protection rules","Public health guidance on bat contact"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["The order of bats.","fruit bats","insectivorous echolocating bats","nectar and pollen feeding bats","fish-eating and vampire bats","island and introduced populations"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q28425: Chiroptera","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28425","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Bat","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bat","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should fruit bats and echolocating bats be separate entries?","How should conservation bodies be linked?","How should health guidance be linked?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q28425/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q28425/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T05:22:09Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T12:16:31+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}