{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.corkite","code":"thing-q2997400","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q2997400/","name":"corkite","alternateNames":[],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.1.0-research.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.MAT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"Corkite is a secondary lead-iron phosphate-sulfate mineral with ideal formula PbFe₃(PO₄)(SO₄)(OH)₆, occurring in oxidized zones of lead-bearing mineral deposits.","purpose":"Enable an agent to identify corkite, assess the composition and condition of corkite-bearing material, and select justified analytical, conservation or handling actions.","scope":{"in":["Corkite mineral identity and departures from ideal composition","Chemical and crystallographic evidence supporting identification","Corkite grains, crusts and aggregates within mixed specimens","Locality, host association and evidence of formation","Condition, sampling suitability and potential release of constituent elements"],"out":["Complete models of neighbouring mineral species","Whole deposits, ore reserves and mine operations","Commercial products containing corkite-bearing material","General analytical instrument operation","Human toxicology and jurisdiction-wide chemical regulation"],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Test for the combined lead-ferric iron-phosphate-sulfate-hydroxyl composition represented ideally by PbFe3(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6; elemental lead alone cannot establish corkite. Reference: [Handbook of Mineralogy](https://www.handbookofmineralogy.org/pdfs/corkite.pdf).","Resolve phosphate versus arsenate occupancy when testing a possible beudantite identification; require an authoritative species-boundary rule before assigning an intermediate composition.","Measure phosphate and sulfate within the same phase when distinguishing corkite from associated plumbojarosite or a mixed mineral assemblage.","Require a compatible diffraction pattern alongside chemistry; green or brown colour and rhombohedral appearance are supporting observations rather than decisive tests."],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"corkite-species-boundary","name":"Corkite species boundary","description":"Connect the registered name to a defensible mineral-phase identification.","layers":[{"id":"ideal-and-observed-composition","name":"Ideal and observed composition","description":"Separate the reference end member from measurements on real grains.","findings":[{"id":"formula-correspondence","name":"Formula correspondence","description":"Record how measured constituents and charge balance support assignment to corkite.","questions":[{"text":"Does the analysed grain support the lead, ferric iron, phosphate, sulfate and hydroxyl inventory of ideal corkite?","id":"formula-correspondence-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which oxidation states, hydroxyl contents or site occupancies were measured, and which were assumed during normalization?","id":"formula-correspondence-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"related-phase-discrimination","name":"Related phase discrimination","description":"Resolve chemically similar phases and ambiguous intermediate compositions.","findings":[{"id":"neighbouring-species-test","name":"Neighbouring species test","description":"Make the decision rule for retaining or rejecting the corkite name explicit.","questions":[{"text":"What accepted nomenclature rule separates this composition from beudantite and other related phases?","id":"neighbouring-species-test-q01","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Could the measured phosphate and sulfate arise from adjacent phases rather than one corkite grain?","id":"neighbouring-species-test-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]}]},{"id":"corkite-diagnostic-evidence","name":"Corkite diagnostic evidence","description":"Organize structural and observational tests into a traceable identification.","layers":[{"id":"crystal-structure-match","name":"Crystal structure match","description":"Assess diffraction evidence with its acquisition conditions and reference choice.","findings":[{"id":"pattern-attribution","name":"Pattern attribution","description":"Determine which diffraction signals can be attributed to the candidate corkite phase.","questions":[{"text":"Which measured reflections match a documented corkite reference, and which remain unexplained?","id":"pattern-attribution-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which reference pattern or structure refinement was used, and does it fit this sample's composition and resolution?","id":"pattern-attribution-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"supporting-grain-observations","name":"Supporting grain observations","description":"Use morphology and physical observations without treating them as exclusive identifiers.","findings":[{"id":"co-located-observations","name":"Co-located observations","description":"Link appearance and physical measurements to the same grain examined chemically.","questions":[{"text":"Were habit, colour and any optical measurements recorded on the same grain as the chemical or diffraction analysis?","id":"co-located-observations-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Would an additional non-destructive observation resolve the ambiguity before hardness testing or powder sampling?","id":"co-located-observations-q02","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"corkite-specimen-heterogeneity","name":"Corkite specimen heterogeneity","description":"Describe the distribution and compositional variation of corkite within the actual material.","layers":[{"id":"phase-distribution","name":"Phase distribution","description":"Locate corkite relative to coatings, inclusions and substrate.","findings":[{"id":"analytical-volume-isolation","name":"Analytical volume isolation","description":"Check whether the measurement volume isolates the phase being named.","questions":[{"text":"How do grain size and crust thickness compare with probe interaction depth or sampling volume?","id":"analytical-volume-isolation-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"What fraction of the analysed material is corkite, and what method distinguishes its contribution from the matrix?","id":"analytical-volume-isolation-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"within-phase-variation","name":"Within-phase variation","description":"Record zoning and substitutions without automatically treating them as impurities.","findings":[{"id":"substitution-versus-intergrowth","name":"Substitution versus intergrowth","description":"Distinguish compositional variation within corkite from unresolved mineral mixtures.","questions":[{"text":"Do repeated spot analyses or maps reveal systematic variations in P, S, As, Cu, Pb or Fe?","id":"substitution-versus-intergrowth-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"What evidence assigns those variations to lattice substitution rather than inclusions, surface material or analytical overlap?","id":"substitution-versus-intergrowth-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"corkite-occurrence-and-transformation","name":"Corkite occurrence and transformation","description":"Connect specimen provenance with observed formation relationships and subsequent changes.","layers":[{"id":"formation-context","name":"Formation context","description":"Record evidence relevant to a secondary mineral occurrence; oxidized base-metal deposits are documented corkite settings. Reference: [Handbook of Mineralogy](https://www.handbookofmineralogy.org/pdfs/corkite.pdf).","findings":[{"id":"locality-and-paragenesis","name":"Locality and paragenesis","description":"Separate documented collection context from inferred mineral formation history.","questions":[{"text":"What collection record establishes the locality and exact host material of this corkite occurrence?","id":"locality-and-paragenesis-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which contacts, overgrowths or replacement textures constrain when corkite formed relative to associated phases?","id":"locality-and-paragenesis-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"response-to-changed-conditions","name":"Response to changed conditions","description":"Track observed changes under specified chemical or thermal conditions.","findings":[{"id":"alteration-evidence","name":"Alteration evidence","description":"Require measured evidence for stability or transformation claims.","questions":[{"text":"Under what recorded pH, temperature, exposure duration and solution composition was dissolution or phase change tested?","id":"alteration-evidence-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Does the evidence distinguish loss of corkite from substrate alteration, surface cleaning or formation of a new phase?","id":"alteration-evidence-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"corkite-intervention-and-release","name":"Corkite intervention and release","description":"Support specimen-specific decisions about sampling, treatment and constituent release.","layers":[{"id":"sampling-and-conservation","name":"Sampling and conservation","description":"Balance analytical value against loss or alteration of the corkite-bearing surface.","findings":[{"id":"intervention-suitability","name":"Intervention suitability","description":"Specify the material affected and the evidence supporting the proposed preparation.","questions":[{"text":"How much identified corkite would sampling remove, and would a representative documented portion remain?","id":"intervention-suitability-q01","kind":"action"},{"text":"What evidence supports compatibility of the proposed cleaning agent, adhesive or preparation method with both corkite and its matrix?","id":"intervention-suitability-q02","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"constituent-release-assessment","name":"Constituent release assessment","description":"Keep measured release and operation-specific requirements distinct from ideal mineral composition.","findings":[{"id":"release-and-classification-evidence","name":"Release and classification evidence","description":"Identify the evidence needed before assigning handling or disposal requirements to the actual material.","questions":[{"text":"What sample-specific evidence quantifies lead release and any arsenic contribution under conditions relevant to the proposed operation?","id":"release-and-classification-evidence-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which applicable classification or handling source explicitly covers this specimen, powder or mixture rather than a different lead compound?","id":"release-and-classification-evidence-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"evidence-and-external-alignment","name":"Evidence and external alignment","description":"What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.","layers":[{"id":"reported-evidence","name":"Reported evidence","description":"Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.","findings":[{"id":"evidence-confidence-notes","name":"Check these first","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these check these first hold for the sense of corkite this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-confidence-notes-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-identifiers","name":"Identifiers and schemes","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of corkite this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-identifiers-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-real-world-use","name":"Real-world use","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of corkite this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-real-world-use-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-measurements","name":"Typical measurements","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of corkite this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-measurements-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards","name":"Failure modes and hazards","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of corkite this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-neighbours","name":"Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of corkite this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-neighbours-q01","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe corkite and its occurrence in oxidized lead deposits from mineralogical sources.","Record specimens with locality and provenance."],"mustNot":["Advise handling it without hand washing, given its lead content.","Advise grinding it or using it as a pigment or remedy.","Help collect in old mines without permission or safety measures."],"requiresHuman":["Entering or collecting at abandoned lead mines."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["It contains lead, which harms children's development.","Old lead mines are dangerous and often on private or protected land."],"affectedParties":["Collectors","Children who handle specimens","Landowners"]},"owners":{"steward":"The person or collection that holds a specimen; the landowner for material in place.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q3777629","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.corkite","Wikidata: Q2997400 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2997400)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Phase identification confidence: suspected | analytically supported | conflicting | unresolved","Grain composition: Element or oxide mass percent and atoms per formula unit, with normalization and uncertainty","Phosphate, arsenate and sulfate allocation: P, As and S atoms per formula unit; inferred site occupancy with method","Diffraction fingerprint: d-spacings in angstroms, relative intensities and reference-pattern identity","Corkite phase fraction: Mass percent or area percent, explicitly distinguished","Grain and crust geometry: Grain size and crust thickness in micrometres or millimetres","Host and associated phases: Identified mineral or matrix, contact relationship and identification confidence","Surface integrity: intact | friable | detached | coated | visibly altered","Measured elemental release: Micrograms per litre or milligrams per kilogram under a named test, with pH and duration"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Dark green to yellowish green rhombohedral crystals or crusts on lead ore.","Similar to related lead minerals; confirmed by analysis."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["Compare grain chemistry and diffraction with a documented corkite reference.","Map corkite separately from its substrate and intergrown minerals.","Select an analytical spot or aliquot that answers the identification question with acceptable specimen loss.","Record compositional zoning and flag analyses requiring species-boundary review.","Assess a proposed cleaning, mounting or storage change against specimen condition and available compatibility evidence.","Request a relevant release test before making claims about elemental mobility."]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Lead dust and residues are toxic, especially to children."]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["The International Mineralogical Association's Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification provides the mineral nomenclature framework for corkite within the alunite supergroup."]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Corkite occurs in oxidized zones of lead-bearing mineral deposits and is encountered in geological specimens and mineral collections.","Its identification supports studies of secondary mineral formation and the distribution of lead, iron, phosphate and sulfate in weathered material."]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q2997400: corkite","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2997400","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Corkite","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corkite","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Which current mineral nomenclature rules resolve corkite assignments near phosphate-arsenate and phosphate-sulfate compositional boundaries?","Which reference structure and diffraction dataset best represent corkite across documented substitutions and possible ordering differences?","What experimental evidence establishes corkite dissolution, elemental release and thermal transformation under specified conditions?","Do CAS, EC or PubChem identifiers exist that unambiguously denote corkite rather than a broader composition or related compound?","Which cleaning, mounting and storage practices have documented compatibility with corkite-bearing specimens?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q2997400/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q2997400/spec.json"],"providers":["Codex"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T08:51:58Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:29+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}