{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.indo-iranian","code":"thing-q33514","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q33514/","name":"Indo-Iranian","alternateNames":["Judeo-Iranian","Nuristani","Indo-Aryan superstrate in Mitanni","Badeshi","Iranian","Indo-Aryan","Kamviri","Zemiaki","Kamkata-viri","Ashkun","Wasi-wari","Tregami"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Information and virtual systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"INF","domain":["INF.MED"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"The largest branch of the Indo-European language family, comprising the Indo-Aryan languages such as Hindi, Urdu, Bengali and Punjabi, the Iranian languages such as Persian, Pashto and Kurdish, and the Nuristani languages, spoken by more than a billion people across South and West Asia and in diaspora; the branch descends from Proto-Indo-Iranian and is attested from the Vedic and Avestan texts.","purpose":"Let an agent explain the Indo-Iranian branch and its subgroups, identify member languages, describe history and reconstruction with attributed scholarship, and keep language classification separate from ethnic or political claims.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Branch of Indo-European","Three subgroups","Early attestation","Over a billion speakers"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"classify","name":"Classify","description":"Subgroups.","layers":[{"id":"subgroup","name":"Subgroup","description":"Which subgroup.","findings":[{"id":"subgroup-finding","name":"Subgroup","description":"Subgroup.","questions":[{"text":"Is this language Indo-Aryan, Iranian or Nuristani, and what are its closest relatives?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is its position debated?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"features","name":"Features","description":"Shared features.","findings":[{"id":"features-finding","name":"Features","description":"Shared features.","questions":[{"text":"Which sound changes and features define Indo-Iranian?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"How do the subgroups differ?","kind":"definition"}]}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"Attestation and origins.","layers":[{"id":"texts","name":"Texts","description":"Ancient texts.","findings":[{"id":"texts-finding","name":"Texts","description":"Ancient texts.","questions":[{"text":"What do the Vedic and Avestan texts show about early Indo-Iranian?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"What is known of Indo-Aryan words in Mitanni records?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"origins","name":"Origins","description":"Homeland debates.","findings":[{"id":"origins-finding","name":"Origins","description":"Origins.","questions":[{"text":"What do linguists and archaeologists propose about Indo-Iranian origins and migrations, with attribution?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which positions are contested, including in national debates?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"terms","name":"Terms","description":"Sensitive terminology.","layers":[{"id":"aryan","name":"Aryan","description":"The term Aryan.","findings":[{"id":"aryan-finding","name":"Aryan","description":"The term Aryan.","questions":[{"text":"How is Aryan used as a linguistic term, and how has it been misused?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Does the request use it for ethnic or racial claims?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"names","name":"Names","description":"Language names.","findings":[{"id":"names-finding","name":"Names","description":"Language names.","questions":[{"text":"Which names do speakers use for their languages, and are contested names attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is Hindi-Urdu handled with respect for both communities?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"learn","name":"Learn","description":"Using the knowledge.","layers":[{"id":"learning","name":"Learning","description":"Learning languages.","findings":[{"id":"learning-finding","name":"Learning","description":"Learning.","questions":[{"text":"How can knowing one Indo-Iranian language help learn another?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which scripts and resources are needed?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"resources","name":"Resources","description":"Scholarship.","findings":[{"id":"resources-finding","name":"Resources","description":"Resources.","questions":[{"text":"Which reference works cover Indo-Iranian linguistics?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which are current?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Explain the Indo-Iranian branch, its subgroups and history, citing linguistic sources.","Point users to resources for learning or researching its languages."],"mustNot":["Use the branch's history to support claims of racial or ethnic superiority.","Present one modern nation's language as the sole heir to the branch.","Misattribute a language to the wrong group in ways that erase a community's identity."],"requiresHuman":["Publishing recordings or texts from speakers and communities."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["The term Aryan was abused by racist ideology; accuracy guards against that misuse.","Language identity is tied to national and religious conflicts in the region."],"affectedParties":["Speakers and their communities","Minority language communities","Researchers"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody owns a language family; speaker communities hold their languages in common.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Language catalogues and ISO 639-3 code tables"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q19860","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q98791755","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Indo-European","type":"related","note":"family"},{"target":"Asian languages","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"Nilo-Saharan","type":"related","note":"other language grouping"},{"target":"Dutch","type":"related","note":"other Indo-European language"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.indo-iranian","Wikidata: Q33514 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33514)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Indo-Aryan, Iranian and Nuristani subgroups","Ancient texts in Sanskrit and Avestan","Dravidian languages are a separate family","Not physical; languages in many scripts."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["identify the subgroup of a language","explain Indo-Aryan, Iranian and Nuristani groups","describe historical attestation and reconstruction","support learning and comparison"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Misusing the term Aryan for ethnic or racial claims","Confusing language and ethnicity","Presenting contested classifications as settled"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["ISO 639 codes for languages","National language policies in South and West Asia"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Historical linguistics and understanding South and West Asian languages.","Indo-Aryan languages","Iranian languages","Nuristani languages","ancient Indo-Iranian languages","diaspora and minority varieties"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q33514: Indo-Iranian","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33514","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Indo-Iranian languages","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-Iranian_languages","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should each subgroup be a separate entry?","How should dictionaries and corpora be linked?","How should sensitive terminology be handled?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q33514/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q33514/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-11T15:59:27Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:51:59+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane INF: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}