{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.hibonite","code":"thing-q336410","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q336410/","name":"hibonite","alternateNames":[],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.1.0-research.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.MAT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"Hibonite is a hexagonal calcium aluminium oxide mineral with ideal formula CaAl12O19 and a magnetoplumbite-type crystal structure, occurring in some metamorphic rocks and refractory inclusions in primitive meteorites.","purpose":"Enable an agent to identify hibonite, assess the composition and condition of a particular grain or material, and select defensible analytical or handling actions.","scope":{"in":["Hibonite phase identification and separation from other calcium aluminates","Major-element composition, substitutions, zoning, and phase purity","Crystal structure, grain morphology, and physical condition","Terrestrial, meteoritic, or synthetic provenance of identified material","Analytical suitability, interpretation limits, and specimen-specific handling"],"out":["Whole-rock or meteorite classification and bulk composition","Other calcium aluminate phases and neighbouring mineral species","Manufacturing recipes and performance certification for refractory products","General theories of stellar nucleosynthesis or Solar System formation","Laboratory instrument operation and organisation-wide safety procedures"],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Require calcium-aluminium oxide chemistry compatible with ideal CaAl12O19 together with structural evidence; an aluminium-rich analysis alone does not establish hibonite. [Experimental study](https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/id/eprint/114587/1/hibonite_accepted_version.pdf)","Check diffraction against hexagonal P63/mmc hibonite and competing phase patterns. [Handbook of Mineralogy](https://handbookofmineralogy.org/pdfs/hibonite.pdf)","Distinguish lattice substitutions from mixed analyses: Ti and Mg can participate in coupled substitution, so departure from ideal chemistry need not imply contamination. [Experimental study](https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/id/eprint/114587/1/hibonite_accepted_version.pdf)","Treat colour and habit as supporting evidence: reported hibonite includes dark terrestrial crystals and blue meteoritic material, with platy or prismatic forms. [Handbook of Mineralogy](https://handbookofmineralogy.org/pdfs/hibonite.pdf)","Separate an identified hibonite phase from a material merely labelled calcium hexaluminate or CA6; record synthesis provenance and other phases before equating the bulk material with this registry entry."],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"hibonite-identity","name":"Hibonite identity","description":"Establish whether the recorded material contains the registered mineral phase.","layers":[{"id":"chemical-identity","name":"Chemical identity","description":"Relate the analysed domain to the ideal composition and document departures.","findings":[{"id":"composition-compatible-with-hibonite","name":"Composition compatible with hibonite","description":"Record an analytical test of the proposed identity without forcing imperfect data into the ideal formula.","questions":[{"text":"Does the analysed domain support CaAl12O19-based chemistry after accounting for measured substitutions?","id":"composition-compatible-with-hibonite-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"What analytical totals, uncertainties, normalization assumptions, and detection limits accompany that assignment?","id":"composition-compatible-with-hibonite-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"structural-identification","name":"Structural identification","description":"Test the hibonite assignment against crystallographic observations and competing phases.","findings":[{"id":"diffraction-supported-phase","name":"Diffraction-supported phase","description":"Require a traceable reference comparison and explicit treatment of ambiguous or overlapping signals.","questions":[{"text":"Which measured reflections or structural refinement support the hibonite assignment?","id":"diffraction-supported-phase-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which alternative calcium aluminate or associated mineral phases remain compatible with the data?","id":"diffraction-supported-phase-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"hibonite-crystal-chemistry","name":"Hibonite crystal chemistry","description":"Resolve substitutions, spatial heterogeneity, and chemical interpretation limits.","layers":[{"id":"substitutions-and-valence","name":"Substitutions and valence","description":"Separate measured elemental contents from inferred oxidation states and site assignments.","findings":[{"id":"substitution-evidence","name":"Substitution evidence","description":"Track how a proposed substitution mechanism is supported and what assumptions it requires.","questions":[{"text":"Which Ti, Mg, Fe, rare-earth, or other constituents were actually measured within hibonite?","id":"substitution-evidence-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which valences and site occupancies were measured directly, and which were inferred from charge balance or a structural model?","id":"substitution-evidence-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"zoning-and-phase-purity","name":"Zoning and phase purity","description":"Determine whether compositional variation belongs to hibonite or to unresolved mixtures.","findings":[{"id":"resolved-analysis-domain","name":"Resolved analysis domain","description":"Locate each analysis relative to grain boundaries, inclusions, and compositional domains.","questions":[{"text":"How does analytical spot size compare with hibonite grain size, zoning width, and nearby inclusions?","id":"resolved-analysis-domain-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Does the variation persist within resolved hibonite, or can adjacent phases explain it?","id":"resolved-analysis-domain-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"grain-state-and-properties","name":"Grain state and properties","description":"Record the physical hibonite domain available for observation or use.","layers":[{"id":"morphology-and-integrity","name":"Morphology and integrity","description":"Describe grain shape, orientation, fractures, and exposed surfaces.","findings":[{"id":"usable-grain-domain","name":"Usable grain domain","description":"Identify intact material suitable for the intended analysis.","questions":[{"text":"What are the hibonite grain dimensions, orientation, and distributions of cracks or cleavage surfaces?","id":"usable-grain-domain-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which domain can be sampled or polished while preserving the texture needed for interpretation?","id":"usable-grain-domain-q02","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"property-and-treatment-context","name":"Property and treatment context","description":"Attach conditions and preparation history to physical and thermal observations.","findings":[{"id":"condition-specific-properties","name":"Condition-specific properties","description":"Keep measured specimen properties distinct from reference values and application targets.","questions":[{"text":"Which density, hardness, optical, or thermal properties were measured on this material, under what conditions?","id":"condition-specific-properties-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"What heating, grinding, mounting, or chemical treatment preceded the observations?","id":"condition-specific-properties-q02","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"After treatment, what evidence confirms that the examined domain remains hibonite?","id":"condition-specific-properties-q03","kind":"measurement"}]}]}]},{"id":"origin-and-interpretation","name":"Origin and interpretation","description":"Link identified hibonite to its host and constrain claims about its history.","layers":[{"id":"host-and-origin-evidence","name":"Host and origin evidence","description":"Maintain the chain from the analysed grain to a documented geological or synthetic source.","findings":[{"id":"traceable-hibonite-context","name":"Traceable hibonite context","description":"Record host relationships and distinguish documented origin from attribution.","questions":[{"text":"Which locality, meteorite accession, inclusion identifier, or synthesis batch anchors this grain's provenance?","id":"traceable-hibonite-context-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which contacts, inclusions, rims, or associated phases were observed around the hibonite?","id":"traceable-hibonite-context-q02","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Is the stated origin documented, inferred, or unknown?","id":"traceable-hibonite-context-q03","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"formation-proxy-limits","name":"Formation proxy limits","description":"Separate observations from inferred formation conditions and chronology.","findings":[{"id":"qualified-redox-and-isotope-inference","name":"Qualified redox and isotope inference","description":"Titanium valence alone does not uniquely determine oxygen fugacity; composition and site occupancy affect interpretation. [Experimental study](https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/id/eprint/114587/1/hibonite_accepted_version.pdf)","questions":[{"text":"What independent constraints and composition-matched standards support a proposed redox interpretation?","id":"qualified-redox-and-isotope-inference-q01","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"If isotopic origin or age is claimed, which measurements, corrections, standards, and assumptions support it?","id":"qualified-redox-and-isotope-inference-q02","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which proposed formation claims should remain unresolved until additional evidence is obtained?","id":"qualified-redox-and-isotope-inference-q03","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"analysis-use-and-handling","name":"Analysis, use, and handling","description":"Translate hibonite identity and specimen evidence into suitable next actions.","layers":[{"id":"analytical-and-material-fitness","name":"Analytical and material fitness","description":"Evaluate whether available hibonite meets a specified research or material requirement.","findings":[{"id":"fit-for-stated-purpose","name":"Fit for stated purpose","description":"Make acceptance depend on measured phase abundance, chemistry, geometry, and tolerable consumption.","questions":[{"text":"What hibonite purity, substitution limits, grain dimensions, or homogeneity does the intended task require?","id":"fit-for-stated-purpose-q01","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which measurements demonstrate compliance, and how much material would further verification consume?","id":"fit-for-stated-purpose-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"specimen-specific-handling","name":"Specimen-specific handling","description":"Resolve handling requirements and identifier applicability for the actual material.","findings":[{"id":"documented-material-controls","name":"Documented material controls","description":"Base controls on physical form, measured constituents, host material, and applicable documentation rather than the mineral name alone.","questions":[{"text":"Will preparation generate dust or expose inclusions, coatings, or host constituents requiring specific controls?","id":"documented-material-controls-q01","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which verified identifiers and safety records apply to this composition and supplied form?","id":"documented-material-controls-q02","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"What specimen evidence, including radiological measurements where warranted by provenance, supports the handling decision?","id":"documented-material-controls-q03","kind":"measurement"}]}]}]},{"id":"evidence-and-external-alignment","name":"Evidence and external alignment","description":"What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.","layers":[{"id":"reported-evidence","name":"Reported evidence","description":"Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.","findings":[{"id":"evidence-confidence-notes","name":"Check these first","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these check these first hold for the sense of hibonite this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-confidence-notes-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-identifiers","name":"Identifiers and schemes","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of hibonite this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-identifiers-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-real-world-use","name":"Real-world use","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of hibonite this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-real-world-use-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-measurements","name":"Typical measurements","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of hibonite this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-measurements-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards","name":"Failure modes and hazards","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of hibonite this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-neighbours","name":"Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of hibonite this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-neighbours-q01","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe hibonite and its importance in meteorites and early solar system research.","Record specimens and inclusion data with provenance."],"mustNot":["Help trade meteorites or specimens exported in breach of the law of the country of find.","Present terrestrial material as meteoritic, or the reverse, without analysis.","Damage or destructively sample a specimen without its holder's approval."],"requiresHuman":["Approving destructive sampling of meteorite material.","Confirming the provenance of a meteorite for sale."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Meteorite inclusions are scarce scientific evidence about the solar system.","Illegal export of meteorites deprives countries of their heritage."],"affectedParties":["Researchers","Countries where meteorites fall","Collectors and buyers"]},"owners":{"steward":"The holding collection; for meteorites, the owner under the law of the country of find.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Meteoritical bulletin database"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q3777782","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.hibonite","Wikidata: Q336410 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336410)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Identification status: candidate | supported | confirmed | disputed; linked chemical and structural evidence","Measured composition: oxide mass % and atoms per formula unit normalized to 19 oxygen atoms; analytical uncertainty","Titanium valence and magnesium content: Ti3+/total Ti, dimensionless; Mg and Ti atoms per formula unit; method and uncertainty","Crystal structure: space-group assignment; unit-cell lengths in Å; diffraction reference and fit quality","Hibonite abundance: mass % or volume %, explicitly distinguished; detection limit and method","Grain geometry and damage: dimensions in µm or mm; crack and rim thickness in µm; crystallographic orientation where known","Physical identification observations: Mohs hardness; density in g/cm³; optical observations with method and specimen context","Origin and host: linked locality, host rock, meteorite, inclusion, or synthesis batch; unknown permitted","Preparation and exposure state: intact | mounted | polished | powdered | heated | chemically treated; cumulative history","Chemical identifier applicability: verified mineral match | ideal-compound match | product-only identifier | unresolved"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Brownish-black to reddish-brown hexagonal crystals in metamorphic rocks.","Tiny pale blue grains within meteorite inclusions, seen under a microscope."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["Plan complementary diffraction and chemical analyses to test a hibonite identification.","Map substitutions and zoning while excluding adjacent phases and inclusions.","Select grain domains and preparation methods for a stated analytical question.","Assess whether a geological or meteoritic interpretation exceeds the measured evidence.","Evaluate an identified synthetic phase against composition and purity requirements.","Choose handling and storage actions from specimen condition, contaminants, and applicable material documentation."]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Destructive sampling loses irreplaceable meteorite material."]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Hibonite is encountered as mineral grains in certain metamorphic rocks and in refractory inclusions within primitive meteorites.","Meteorite research uses its composition and isotopic characteristics to investigate early Solar System materials and processes.","Mineralogical collections and laboratories examine it to establish mineral identity, crystal structure and geological context."]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q336410: hibonite","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336410","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Hibonite","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hibonite","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["What current mineral-nomenclature criteria delimit hibonite from closely related substituted compositions or structural variants?","Which CAS, PubChem, and EC records apply specifically to natural hibonite, ideal CaAl12O19, or synthetic calcium hexaluminate products?","What experimentally supported thermal stability, melting, decomposition, and reaction data apply across relevant compositions, pressures, and atmospheres?","What hibonite-specific hazard classifications or exposure limits are supported, and which concerns instead arise from dust, substitutions, associated minerals, or product additives?","Which validated reference materials and analytical protocols adequately constrain titanium valence and isotopic interpretation in compositionally variable hibonite?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q336410/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q336410/spec.json"],"providers":["Codex"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T10:16:06Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"not-applicable","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:30+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.interfaces":"No hibonite-specific standard, law or official classification applicable to this card is identified with sufficient confidence."},"score":1.0}}