{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.lightning","code":"thing-q33741","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q33741/","name":"lightning","alternateNames":["dry lightning","linear lightning","Sheet lightning","lightning strike","ball lightning","heat lightning","Bolt from the blue","volcanic lightning","anvil crawler lightning","lightning strike causing a fatality","paleolightning"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Cross-cutting context","entryKind":"thing","plane":"XCT","domain":["XCT.STA"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A sudden electrostatic discharge in the atmosphere, usually during thunderstorms, between clouds or between a cloud and the ground, producing a bright flash and thunder; forms include cloud-to-ground, intra-cloud and sheet lightning, dry lightning that can start wildfires, and the rarely observed ball lightning.","purpose":"Let an agent give lightning safety guidance and strike first aid first, then explain lightning physics, detection and protection systems.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Electrical discharge","Produces thunder","Can strike people and structures","Can start fires"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"safety","name":"Safety","description":"Storm safety.","layers":[{"id":"shelter","name":"Shelter","description":"Taking shelter.","findings":[{"id":"shelter-finding","name":"Shelter","description":"Taking shelter.","questions":[{"text":"Is thunder audible or lightning nearby?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Should people go into a substantial building or hard-topped vehicle and avoid trees, water and open ground?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"strike","name":"Strike","description":"Strike victims.","findings":[{"id":"strike-finding","name":"Strike","description":"Strike first aid.","questions":[{"text":"Has someone been struck by lightning?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Should emergency services be called and CPR started if needed, noting victims carry no charge?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"science","name":"Science","description":"Physics.","layers":[{"id":"formation","name":"Formation","description":"How it forms.","findings":[{"id":"formation-finding","name":"Formation","description":"Formation.","questions":[{"text":"How does charge separation in storms produce lightning?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Why does thunder follow?","kind":"definition"}]}]},{"id":"types","name":"Types","description":"Kinds of lightning.","findings":[{"id":"types-finding","name":"Types","description":"Types.","questions":[{"text":"What kind of lightning was observed?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"What is known about ball lightning, according to researchers?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"warnings","name":"Warnings","description":"Detection.","layers":[{"id":"maps","name":"Maps","description":"Detection maps.","findings":[{"id":"maps-finding","name":"Maps","description":"Detection maps.","questions":[{"text":"Where can live lightning detection maps and warnings be found?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How reliable are they?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"events","name":"Events","description":"Outdoor events.","findings":[{"id":"events-finding","name":"Events","description":"Outdoor events.","questions":[{"text":"What lightning policy should an outdoor event or sports club follow?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"When can activity resume?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"protection","name":"Protection","description":"Buildings.","layers":[{"id":"systems","name":"Systems","description":"Lightning protection.","findings":[{"id":"systems-finding","name":"Systems","description":"Protection systems.","questions":[{"text":"Does this building need a lightning protection system, according to risk assessment standards?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Who can install and inspect it?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"surge","name":"Surge","description":"Surge protection.","findings":[{"id":"surge-finding","name":"Surge","description":"Surge protection.","questions":[{"text":"How can electronics be protected from lightning-induced surges?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which devices help?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Report lightning detections and warnings from official meteorological services.","Advise people to seek shelter and stop outdoor activity when lightning is near.","Monitor lightning protection systems on structures it is authorized to inspect."],"mustNot":["Tell people it is safe to stay outdoors, swim or work at height during a thunderstorm.","Operate cranes, drones or exposed equipment during nearby lightning activity against safety rules.","Disable or bypass lightning protection or surge protection on a structure.","Ignore reports of dry lightning in wildfire-prone areas."],"requiresHuman":["Calling off an outdoor event or work for lightning risk.","Declaring an area safe after lightning-caused fires."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Lightning kills and injures people, mostly those outdoors working or farming without shelter.","Lightning-started wildfires threaten communities and ecosystems."],"affectedParties":["Outdoor workers and farmers","People at outdoor events","Communities near wildfire areas"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody: a natural phenomenon; national meteorological services issue warnings.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Lightning detection network records"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q16332653","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q1779241","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q422584","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q64122","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"electrometeor","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"thunderstorm","type":"related","note":"weather"},{"target":"forest fire","type":"related","note":"hazard"},{"target":"voltage","type":"related","note":"electrical quantity"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.lightning","Wikidata: Q33741 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33741)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Branching bolts to the ground","Flashes within clouds","Distant storms may show lightning without audible thunder","Bright branching or diffuse flashes in the sky, followed by thunder."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["follow lightning safety guidance","give first aid to strike victims","find lightning detection maps and warnings","understand lightning protection systems"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Strikes on people outdoors","Fires and power outages","Unsafe shelter choices such as under trees"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["IEC 62305 lightning protection","National weather warning systems","Outdoor event safety plans"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["A weather hazard and atmospheric phenomenon.","cloud-to-ground lightning","intra-cloud and sheet lightning","dry lightning","ball lightning","upper-atmosphere discharges such as sprites"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q33741: lightning","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33741","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Lightning","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightning","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should lightning types be separate entries?","How should detection networks be linked?","How should safety guidance be localised?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q33741/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q33741/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-11T14:03:06Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:51:59+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane XCT: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}