{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.waterfall","code":"thing-q34038","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q34038/","name":"waterfall","alternateNames":["artificial waterfall","waterfall cascade","48 waterfalls","shiraito falls","urami waterfall","underwater waterfall","former waterfall","subterranean waterfall","horseshoe waterfall","coastal waterfall","cratoneurion","Japan's Top 100 Waterfalls"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.PLC"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A place where a river or stream flows over a vertical drop or series of steep drops, forming falls, cascades or cataracts; waterfalls are major natural attractions and also occur artificially and underwater in the sense of density currents.","purpose":"Let an agent handle waterfalls by name, height, flow, access and safety, including the dangers of swimming and slippery rocks.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Water over a drop","Varies with season","Popular attraction","Hazardous rocks and currents"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"identity","name":"Identity","description":"Which waterfall.","layers":[{"id":"name","name":"Name","description":"Waterfall.","findings":[{"id":"name-finding","name":"Name","description":"Waterfall identity.","questions":[{"text":"Which waterfall is meant, and on which river?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How tall is it, according to reliable sources?","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"type","name":"Type","description":"Form.","findings":[{"id":"type-finding","name":"Type","description":"Waterfall type.","questions":[{"text":"What type of waterfall is it?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Does flow vary by season?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"safety","name":"Safety","description":"Hazards.","layers":[{"id":"rocks","name":"Rocks","description":"Slippery edges.","findings":[{"id":"rocks-finding","name":"Rocks","description":"Edge safety.","questions":[{"text":"Are there barriers and safe viewpoints?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Why should people stay behind barriers?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"water","name":"Water","description":"Swimming.","findings":[{"id":"water-finding","name":"Water","description":"Swimming safety.","questions":[{"text":"Is swimming in the plunge pool allowed and safe?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Which emergency number applies if someone is in trouble?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"visiting","name":"Visiting","description":"Access.","layers":[{"id":"access","name":"Access","description":"Trails.","findings":[{"id":"access-finding","name":"Access","description":"Access.","questions":[{"text":"How can the waterfall be reached, and are trails open?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is there an entry fee?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"respect","name":"Respect","description":"Sacred sites.","findings":[{"id":"respect-finding","name":"Respect","description":"Cultural respect.","questions":[{"text":"Is the waterfall sacred or culturally significant to local communities?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How should visitors behave?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"environment","name":"Environment","description":"Ecology and energy.","layers":[{"id":"ecology","name":"Ecology","description":"Habitats.","findings":[{"id":"ecology-finding","name":"Ecology","description":"Ecology.","questions":[{"text":"Which species depend on the waterfall habitat?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is it protected?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"hydropower","name":"Hydropower","description":"Diversion.","findings":[{"id":"hydropower-finding","name":"Hydropower","description":"Hydropower.","questions":[{"text":"Is the flow diverted for hydropower at certain times?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which authority manages it?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe a waterfall's location, height and access from reliable sources.","Report access closures and safety warnings from site managers."],"mustNot":["Encourage climbing, swimming or jumping at waterfalls where it is unsafe or banned.","Fly drones over waterfalls in breach of local rules or near visitors.","Disturb wildlife or erode paths at protected waterfalls.","Present unofficial access routes as safe."],"requiresHuman":["Guiding visitors during floods or high water."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["People die at waterfalls each year from falls and drowning.","Popular falls suffer from crowding and erosion."],"affectedParties":["Visitors and swimmers","Rescue services","Local communities"]},"owners":{"steward":"The landowner or protected-area authority.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Land registry or cadastre"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q15324","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q271669","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q35145263","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"landform and body of water","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"river","type":"related","note":"context"},{"target":"plunge pool","type":"related","note":"feature"},{"target":"natural heritage","type":"related","note":"status"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.waterfall","Wikidata: Q34038 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34038)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vertical drop:  m - Measure the elevation difference between the top and bottom of the specified fall or series of falls.","Water discharge:  m3/s - Determine the volume passing a defined river cross section per second and record the observation date because flow varies.","Width of flowing crest:  m - Measure the width of water crossing the waterfall crest under the recorded flow conditions."]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vertical drops and plunge pools","Cascades, cataracts and horsetails","Rapids are steep but without a drop","Water falling over cliffs or steps, with spray and plunge pools."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["find waterfall information and access routes","check safety guidance at falls","compare heights and flows from sources","photograph waterfalls responsibly"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Falls from slippery rocks","Drowning in plunge pools and currents","Sudden flow increases after rain"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Protected area rules","Water safety guidance"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Scenery, recreation, hydropower and ecosystems.","plunge waterfalls","cascades","horsetail waterfalls","tiered waterfalls","artificial waterfalls"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q34038: waterfall","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34038","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Waterfall","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterfall","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should waterfall types be separate entries?","How should height data be sourced?","How should safety closures be linked?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q34038/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q34038/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-11T11:32:52Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:30+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}