{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.proverb","code":"thing-q35102","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q35102/","name":"proverb","alternateNames":["French phrase","Spanish phrase","Arabic phrase","Latin phrase","Polish proverbs","Assamese proverbs","inspirational quote","motivational quote","Bidalan","Japanese proverb","islamic proverb","Saraiki proverb"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.2","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Information and virtual systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"INF","domain":["INF.MED"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A short, traditional and widely known saying that expresses a general truth, piece of advice or observation in memorable form, transmitted orally and in writing within a language and culture, such as the proverbs of Assamese, Polish, Arabic, Spanish, French and Latin traditions, and collected in paremiology; proverbs use imagery, rhythm and parallelism, vary and travel between cultures, and are used in speech, literature, education and rhetoric.","purpose":"Let an agent explain proverbs and their features, identify and interpret proverbs across languages with sources, describe their cultural functions and study, and support learning and translation.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Traditional","Memorable form","General truth or advice","Cultural variation"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What proverbs are.","layers":[{"id":"features","name":"Features","description":"Features.","findings":[{"id":"features-finding","name":"Features","description":"Features.","questions":[{"text":"What makes a saying a proverb, and how do proverbs differ from idioms, aphorisms and maxims?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits idioms?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"functions","name":"Functions","description":"Cultural functions.","findings":[{"id":"functions-finding","name":"Functions","description":"Functions.","questions":[{"text":"How are proverbs used in speech, argument, education and literature across cultures?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which culture or language is meant?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"use","name":"Use","description":"Identifying and interpreting.","layers":[{"id":"interpret","name":"Interpret","description":"Interpretation.","findings":[{"id":"interpret-finding","name":"Interpret","description":"Interpretation.","questions":[{"text":"What does this proverb mean, and what is its origin and usage, according to reference collections?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the attribution to a culture reliable?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"translate","name":"Translate","description":"Translation and equivalents.","findings":[{"id":"translate-finding","name":"Translate","description":"Translation.","questions":[{"text":"What are equivalent proverbs in other languages, and how should a proverb be translated?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific language tradition?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"study","name":"Study","description":"Paremiology.","layers":[{"id":"collections","name":"Collections","description":"Collections and classification.","findings":[{"id":"collections-finding","name":"Collections","description":"Collections.","questions":[{"text":"How are proverbs collected, classified and compared internationally?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"change","name":"Change","description":"Change and anti-proverbs.","findings":[{"id":"change-finding","name":"Change","description":"Change.","questions":[{"text":"How do proverbs change, travel between cultures and get parodied?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits folklore studies?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"learn","name":"Learn","description":"History and teaching.","layers":[{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How have proverb collections developed from antiquity to modern folklore studies?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits history of literature?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"teach","name":"Teach","description":"Teaching.","findings":[{"id":"teach-finding","name":"Teach","description":"Teaching.","questions":[{"text":"How can proverbs be used in language teaching?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which misconceptions arise?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Explain proverbs, their meanings and origins with sources.","Translate proverbs with equivalents and notes on cultural context."],"mustNot":["Attribute a proverb to a famous person without evidence.","Present proverbs as factual truths or medical advice.","Use proverbs that demean groups without noting their harm.","Claim a proverb comes from a culture it does not."],"requiresHuman":["Using proverbs in official or educational materials for a community."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Proverbs carry cultural wisdom and sometimes prejudice.","Misattribution distorts cultural heritage."],"affectedParties":["Language communities","Learners","Groups targeted by proverbs"]},"owners":{"steward":"The public: held in common by the communities that use them.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q12773435","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q3026787","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q63348589","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"saying","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"popular saying","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"point","type":"related","note":"pointed expression"},{"target":"Finnish","type":"related","note":"a language with its own proverbs"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.proverb","Wikidata: Q35102 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35102)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Short traditional saying with general truth","Widely known within a culture","An idiom is a fixed phrase without a complete statement; an aphorism has a known author","Not physical; short spoken or written sayings."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain features","identify and interpret proverbs","describe cultural functions","support learning and translation"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Misattributing proverbs to cultures","Literal mistranslation","Presenting proverbs as universal truths"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Paremiological classification systems","Folklore archive standards","No regulation"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Traditional sayings expressing general truths.","proverbs by language and culture","biblical and classical proverbs","weather and agricultural proverbs","anti-proverbs and modern variations","proverbial phrases"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q35102: proverb","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35102","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Proverb","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proverb","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should each language tradition be a separate entry?","How should proverb collections be linked?","How should paremiology resources be linked?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q35102/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q35102/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T03:07:45Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:51:59+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane INF: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}