{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.brown-bear","code":"thing-q36341","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q36341/","name":"brown bear","alternateNames":["Mainike"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.4","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.LIV"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A large omnivorous bear, Ursus arctos, native to much of Eurasia and North America, including forms such as the grizzly and Kodiak bear, assessed overall as Least Concern by the IUCN while some regional populations are small or endangered, with a diet of plants, insects, fish and mammals, and a history of persecution followed by recovery in parts of Europe; the registry alias Mainike could not be verified. Brown bears can be dangerous, and people in bear country should follow official safety guidance on food storage, carrying bear spray where recommended and responding to encounters.","purpose":"Let an agent explain brown bears, relay biology, distribution, conservation and human-bear conflict from wildlife agency and IUCN sources with debates attributed, give official encounter safety guidance, flag the unverified alias, and distinguish brown bears from American black bears, polar bears, Asian black bears and captive dancing bears.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Shoulder hump","Omnivorous diet","Hibernation","Wide range"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What a brown bear is.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What is a brown bear, and how does it differ from black bears, polar bears and Asian black bears?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is someone encountering or being threatened by a bear, in which case follow official guidance and contact emergency services if injured?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"forms","name":"Forms","description":"Named forms.","findings":[{"id":"forms-finding","name":"Forms","description":"Forms.","questions":[{"text":"What are grizzly and Kodiak bears, and what might Mainike refer to?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific form?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"biology","name":"Biology","description":"Biology.","layers":[{"id":"ecology","name":"Ecology","description":"Ecology and diet.","findings":[{"id":"ecology-finding","name":"Ecology","description":"Ecology.","questions":[{"text":"What do brown bears eat, and how do they hibernate?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"range","name":"Range","description":"Distribution.","findings":[{"id":"range-finding","name":"Range","description":"Range.","questions":[{"text":"Where do brown bears live, and how have ranges changed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"people","name":"People","description":"Safety and conflict.","layers":[{"id":"safety","name":"Safety","description":"Encounter safety.","findings":[{"id":"safety-finding","name":"Safety","description":"Safety.","questions":[{"text":"What do park and wildlife agencies advise about bear spray, food storage and encounters?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits bear spray?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"conflict","name":"Conflict","description":"Conflict and management.","findings":[{"id":"conflict-finding","name":"Conflict","description":"Conflict.","questions":[{"text":"What are the debates over bear reintroductions, livestock losses and culling, with positions attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation neutral and attributed?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"Conservation and culture.","layers":[{"id":"conservation","name":"Conservation","description":"Conservation.","findings":[{"id":"conservation-finding","name":"Conservation","description":"Conservation.","questions":[{"text":"How have brown bears recovered in parts of Europe?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits large carnivore conservation?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"welfare","name":"Welfare","description":"Captive bears.","findings":[{"id":"welfare-finding","name":"Welfare","description":"Welfare.","questions":[{"text":"How have dancing bear practices been ended and bears rescued?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits dancing bear?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Report brown bear sightings to wildlife authorities and warn people nearby.","Monitor populations under authorization from wildlife agencies."],"mustNot":["Approach, feed, bait or disturb a brown bear.","Help hunt or kill bears outside lawful seasons and permits.","Trade in bear parts such as bile or paws.","Publish den or cub locations that expose them to disturbance or poaching.","Leave food or waste where bears can reach it."],"requiresHuman":["Any decision to relocate, haze or kill a bear."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Bears and people share landscapes; habituated bears are often killed.","Bear farming for bile causes great suffering."],"affectedParties":["Brown bears","People in bear country","Livestock keepers"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody: wild and protected by law in many places; wildlife authorities manage populations.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["IUCN Red List","National wildlife monitoring databases"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q30090244","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"bear","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"grizzly bear","type":"related"},{"target":"American black bear","type":"related"},{"target":"Habitats Directive","type":"related","note":"in the EU"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.brown-bear","Wikidata: Q36341 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36341)","scientific name: Ursus arctos Linnaeus, 1758"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["scientific name: Ursus arctos taxon","IUCN status: Least Concern overall note - regional variation","adult male mass: often about 200-600 kg - varies widely by region"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Large omnivorous bear of Eurasia and North America","Brown bear, grizzly bear, Kodiak bear, Mainike","American black bears lack the shoulder hump; polar bears are white; Asian black bears have a chest crescent","A large bear with a shoulder hump, brown to blond fur and long claws."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain biology and distribution","relay conservation and conflict","give official safety guidance","distinguish related bears"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Unsafe encounters and attacks","Human-bear conflict over livestock and food","Partisan framing of reintroduction and culling debates"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["EU Habitats Directive","US Endangered Species Act for some grizzly populations","National hunting and wildlife laws"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Not applicable; a wild animal species.","Eurasian brown bears","grizzly bears","Kodiak bears","isolated populations such as in the Pyrenees and Apennines"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q36341: brown bear","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36341","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Brown bear","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brown_bear","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["The registry alias Mainike could not be identified and should be reviewed","How should wildlife agency guidance be linked by region?","Should the grizzly bear be a separate primary entry?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q36341/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q36341/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-13T21:27:04Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:51:59+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}