{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.flour","code":"thing-q36465","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q36465/","name":"flour","alternateNames":["millet flour","cricket flour","toasted rice powder","kama","Talkan","gluten-free flour","Gofio","Couac","maize flour","chestnut flour","oat flour","cassava flour"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.MAT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"Flour is a powder made by grinding cereal grains, most commonly wheat, and also rye, maize, rice and millet; it is a staple ingredient for bread, pasta, pastry and many other foods.","purpose":"Let an agent handle flour by source, type, gluten content, uses, allergens, food safety, fortification and dust hazards.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Ground powder","Protein and gluten content vary","Staple food","Raw flour is not ready to eat"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"type","name":"Type","description":"Which flour.","layers":[{"id":"choose","name":"Choose","description":"Recipe fit.","findings":[{"id":"choose-finding","name":"Choose","description":"Choosing flour.","questions":[{"text":"Which flour type suits this recipe, such as bread or pastry?","kind":"action"},{"text":"What protein content is needed?","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"codes","name":"Codes","description":"Type numbers.","findings":[{"id":"codes-finding","name":"Codes","description":"Type numbers.","questions":[{"text":"What does this national flour type number or grade mean?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which equivalent exists elsewhere?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"dietary","name":"Dietary","description":"Allergens and gluten.","layers":[{"id":"gluten","name":"Gluten","description":"Gluten-free.","findings":[{"id":"gluten-finding","name":"Gluten","description":"Gluten.","questions":[{"text":"Is this flour gluten-free and certified free from cross-contamination?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the user managing coeliac disease?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"allergens","name":"Allergens","description":"Other allergens.","findings":[{"id":"allergens-finding","name":"Allergens","description":"Allergens.","questions":[{"text":"Could the flour contain nuts, soy, lupin or insects?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"What does the label declare?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"safety","name":"Safety","description":"Food and workplace safety.","layers":[{"id":"raw","name":"Raw","description":"Raw dough.","findings":[{"id":"raw-finding","name":"Raw","description":"Raw flour safety.","questions":[{"text":"Is it safe to eat raw flour or dough, according to food safety authorities?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How can flour be heat-treated for no-bake recipes?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"dust","name":"Dust","description":"Occupational health.","findings":[{"id":"dust-finding","name":"Dust","description":"Flour dust.","questions":[{"text":"Which controls reduce flour dust exposure at work?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"What exposure limits apply?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"nutrition","name":"Nutrition","description":"Composition.","layers":[{"id":"composition","name":"Composition","description":"Nutrients.","findings":[{"id":"composition-finding","name":"Composition","description":"Composition.","questions":[{"text":"What is the nutrient composition, according to food composition tables?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How does wholemeal compare?","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"fortification","name":"Fortification","description":"Added nutrients.","findings":[{"id":"fortification-finding","name":"Fortification","description":"Fortification.","questions":[{"text":"Is flour fortified here, and with which nutrients?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which rules require it?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Report the type, grain, allergens and use-by date of a flour from its label.","Store, measure and use flour in cooking on the household's instructions."],"mustNot":["Serve gluten-containing flour to someone who has declared coeliac disease or a wheat allergy.","Misrepresent the grain, origin or gluten-free status of a flour.","Store flour where it can be contaminated by pests, damp or allergens.","Use flour near open flames or sparks where airborne dust can build up."],"requiresHuman":["Substituting one flour for another in food for people with medical diets."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Flour is a staple; its price and availability affect whether people can eat.","Mislabelled gluten-free flour can make people seriously ill."],"affectedParties":["People who eat it","People with coeliac disease or allergies","Millers and grain growers"]},"owners":{"steward":"The person or business that holds it; food safety authorities set the rules for sale.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q25403900","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q2908004","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q736427","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q7493597","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"food ingredient","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"cereal grain","type":"related","note":"source"},{"target":"bread","type":"related","note":"product"},{"target":"gluten (in wheat, rye and barley)","type":"contains","note":"component"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.flour","Wikidata: Q36465 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36465)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Particle size:  µm - Measure the particle size distribution by sieving or laser diffraction because milling and grain source affect fineness.","Moisture content:  % - Determine water mass as a percentage of sample mass using a validated moisture measurement method.","Bulk density:  kg/m3 - Measure the mass occupying a known volume and specify whether the flour is loosely filled or compacted."]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Labels with type numbers or protein content","Wholemeal versus white flour","Starches such as cornflour are refined extracts","Fine white, cream, brown or grey powder in bags or bulk."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["choose flour for a recipe","identify gluten-free and allergen-safe flours","handle raw flour safely","understand flour dust hazards at work"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Illness from eating raw flour or dough","Gluten exposure for people with coeliac disease","Occupational asthma and dust explosions"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Codex Alimentarius standards for wheat flour","Food allergen labelling rules","Flour fortification rules","Occupational exposure limits for flour dust"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Baking, cooking and food manufacturing.","wheat flours by type and strength","wholemeal and whole grain flours","rye, maize and rice flours","legume and nut flours","gluten-free blends"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q36465: flour","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36465","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Flour","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flour","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should flour types be separate entries?","How should national type numbers be mapped?","How should fortification rules be tracked?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q36465/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q36465/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-11T12:48:55Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T12:16:32+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}