{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.pharaoh","code":"thing-q37110","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q37110/","name":"pharaoh","alternateNames":["female pharaoh","pharaoh in the New Kingdom","pharaohs of old Kingdown of Egypt","Pharaohs in the Bible","roman pharaoh","Pharaoh Queen"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.3","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Society, people and institutions","entryKind":"thing","plane":"SOC","domain":["SOC.PER"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"The title used today for the monarchs of ancient Egypt from the Old Kingdom through the New Kingdom to the Ptolemaic and Roman periods, derived from the Egyptian word for great house, denoting a ruler regarded as divine intermediary and holder of the double crown, including female pharaohs such as Hatshepsut and Cleopatra VII, the Roman emperors styled as pharaohs, and the unnamed pharaohs of the biblical narratives; the title in this sense is a modern convention, since Egyptians used it for the king only from the New Kingdom.","purpose":"Let an agent explain the pharaoh as ruler and title, relay chronology, ideology and notable rulers from Egyptological sources, distinguish historical from biblical and popular images, and route to entries for specific pharaohs and periods.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Divine kingship","Double crown of Upper and Lower Egypt","Royal titulary of five names","Modern use of the title"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What a pharaoh was.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Office and title.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What was the pharaoh, and how did the title and its use develop?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the question about a historical pharaoh, a biblical figure or a popular image?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"ideology","name":"Ideology","description":"Kingship ideology.","findings":[{"id":"ideology-finding","name":"Ideology","description":"Ideology.","questions":[{"text":"How did Egyptians understand the divine role of the king, as Egyptologists describe?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits ancient Egyptian religion?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"rulers","name":"Rulers","description":"Rulers and periods.","layers":[{"id":"chronology","name":"Chronology","description":"Chronology.","findings":[{"id":"chronology-finding","name":"Chronology","description":"Chronology.","questions":[{"text":"How are pharaohs ordered into dynasties and kingdoms, and how certain are the dates?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"notable","name":"Notable","description":"Notable pharaohs.","findings":[{"id":"notable-finding","name":"Notable","description":"Notable.","questions":[{"text":"Who were the notable pharaohs, including female rulers such as Hatshepsut?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific pharaoh?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"evidence","name":"Evidence","description":"Evidence and Egyptology.","layers":[{"id":"sources","name":"Sources","description":"Sources.","findings":[{"id":"sources-finding","name":"Sources","description":"Sources.","questions":[{"text":"What sources, from king lists to monuments and papyri, inform knowledge of pharaohs?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"tombs","name":"Tombs","description":"Tombs and monuments.","findings":[{"id":"tombs-finding","name":"Tombs","description":"Tombs.","questions":[{"text":"What do royal tombs and monuments reveal, and how are they protected?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits the Valley of the Kings?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"Later images.","layers":[{"id":"bible","name":"Bible","description":"Pharaohs in the Bible.","findings":[{"id":"bible-finding","name":"Bible","description":"Bible.","questions":[{"text":"How do biblical narratives portray pharaohs, and how do scholars relate them to history, with positions attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation neutral toward religious and historical readings?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"culture","name":"Culture","description":"Popular culture.","findings":[{"id":"culture-finding","name":"Culture","description":"Culture.","questions":[{"text":"How have pharaohs been represented in modern culture and Egyptomania?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits Egyptomania?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Explain the title, its history and the dynasties it covers, citing Egyptological sources.","Note when the title is used anachronistically for early rulers."],"mustNot":["Identify a biblical pharaoh with a historical ruler as settled fact.","Repeat popular myths, such as slave-built pyramids, as established history.","Present claims about the ethnicity of ancient Egyptians in a way that serves racial agendas.","Assist in trading looted royal antiquities."],"requiresHuman":["Publishing claims about the identity or remains of a named ruler."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Royal mummies are human remains; their display and study raise questions of dignity.","The history of ancient Egypt is claimed by modern groups; distortion feeds division."],"affectedParties":["People of modern Egypt","Descendant and heritage communities","Students of history"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody: a historical title; Egyptian heritage authorities hold the monuments and remains.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["National antiquities registers"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q1097498","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q116","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"monarch","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"ruler","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"ancient Egypt","type":"related","note":"the state"},{"target":"Egyptology","type":"related","note":"the field"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.pharaoh","Wikidata: Q37110 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37110)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":["dynasties: about 31 count - plus Ptolemaic and Roman periods","span: about 3000 years - from about 3100 BC to 30 BC"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Monarch of ancient Egypt","Old, Middle and New Kingdom rulers, female pharaohs, Ptolemies, Roman pharaohs","Nomarchs were provincial governors; viziers were chief ministers","Depicted with crowns, the nemes headdress, false beard, crook and flail in Egyptian art."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain the office and title","relay chronology and ideology","distinguish historical and biblical images","route to specific rulers"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Anachronistic use of the title","Confusing biblical and historical pharaohs","Popular myths about curses and construction","Contested chronology"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["No regulation; Egyptological chronology conventions","Heritage protection of royal tombs and monuments"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Not applicable; a historical office.","pharaohs of the Old Kingdom","pharaohs of the New Kingdom","female pharaohs and queens regnant","Ptolemaic pharaohs","Roman emperors as pharaohs","pharaohs in the Bible as literary figures"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q37110: pharaoh","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37110","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Pharaoh","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharaoh","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should female pharaoh and Roman pharaoh be separate entries?","How should chronology sources be linked?","The registry entry has merged aliases naming periods and literary figures; should they be split off?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q37110/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q37110/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-13T00:40:16Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:51:59+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane SOC: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}