{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.iranite","code":"thing-q3801840","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q3801840/","name":"iranite","alternateNames":[],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.1.0-research.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.MAT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"Iranite is a rare secondary mineral consisting of a lead-copper chromate silicate hydroxide, with the ideal formula Pb10Cu(CrO4)6(SiO4)2(OH)2.","purpose":"Enable an agent to identify iranite, assess the evidence and condition of an iranite-bearing specimen, and select justified examination, preservation and handling actions.","scope":{"in":["Iranite species identity and the distinction between ideal formula and measured composition","Chemical and crystallographic discrimination from related lead chromate minerals","Iranite grain boundaries, intergrowths and specimen phase purity","Occurrence provenance and evidence supporting identification","Specimen condition, analytical sampling and handling constraints"],"out":["Whole-deposit geology, resource estimation and mine operations","Independent models of hemihedrite and other associated minerals","Industrial lead or chromium extraction processes","Products or bulk rocks that merely contain iranite","General toxicology and jurisdiction-wide chemical regulation"],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Require composition consistent with the ideal formula CuPb10(CrO4)6(SiO4)2(OH)2, together with phase-specific structural evidence; a bulk lead-and-chromium signal is insufficient. [Yang et al., 2007](https://doi.org/10.1107/S0108270107053449)","Distinguish iranite from structurally related hemihedrite by resolving Cu versus Zn and OH versus F; the structural study describes these substitutions between the two minerals. [Yang et al., 2007](https://doi.org/10.1107/S0108270107053449)","Test a candidate grain against an authenticated iranite diffraction reference rather than identifying it from color or locality alone.","Demonstrate that the diagnostic elements and structure belong to the same mineral phase, rather than to a mixture of lead chromates, copper minerals and silicate matrix."],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"species-and-formula","name":"Species and formula","description":"Establish what the iranite name denotes and how a particular composition supports that assignment.","layers":[{"id":"identity-anchor","name":"Identity anchor","description":"Connect the registry entry to an explicitly sourced mineral identity.","findings":[{"id":"ideal-formula-reference","name":"Ideal formula reference","description":"The structural study identifies iranite as CuPb10(CrO4)6(SiO4)2(OH)2; record the reference and distinguish this ideal formula from specimen measurements. [Yang et al., 2007](https://doi.org/10.1107/S0108270107053449)","questions":[{"text":"Which mineral nomenclature authority and version support the iranite name and formula used here?","id":"ideal-formula-reference-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Does this record describe the species, a characterized grain or a specimen merely labelled iranite?","id":"ideal-formula-reference-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"composition-and-substitution","name":"Composition and substitution","description":"Evaluate measured constituents and distinguish related mineral assignments.","findings":[{"id":"cu-zn-and-oh-f-discrimination","name":"Cu-Zn and OH-F discrimination","description":"Record Cu, Zn, F and hydroxyl evidence separately, preserving uncertainty in site assignments and any unresolved nomenclatural boundary.","questions":[{"text":"What phase-specific measurements constrain Cu and Zn, and how was the formula normalized?","id":"cu-zn-and-oh-f-discrimination-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Was hydroxyl demonstrated independently, or inferred from charge balance or a reference formula?","id":"cu-zn-and-oh-f-discrimination-q02","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which documented classification rule supports iranite rather than hemihedrite or an unresolved related phase?","id":"cu-zn-and-oh-f-discrimination-q03","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"diagnostic-phase-evidence","name":"Diagnostic phase evidence","description":"Join crystallographic identification to the actual grain or region analyzed.","layers":[{"id":"structure-confirmation","name":"Structure confirmation","description":"Assess diffraction evidence against a traceable iranite reference.","findings":[{"id":"reference-pattern-agreement","name":"Reference pattern agreement","description":"Retain the reference structure, acquisition conditions and unexplained reflections rather than reducing identification to a match label.","questions":[{"text":"Which authenticated iranite structure or powder pattern was used, and which observations support the match?","id":"reference-pattern-agreement-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Can unmatched peaks or apparent cell differences be explained by intergrowths, orientation, calibration or an alternative phase?","id":"reference-pattern-agreement-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"grain-and-matrix-separation","name":"Grain and matrix separation","description":"Resolve the physical extent of iranite within a mineral assemblage.","findings":[{"id":"coincident-chemical-structural-evidence","name":"Coincident chemical and structural evidence","description":"Link chemical analyses, images and diffraction measurements to compatible sampling volumes.","questions":[{"text":"Were the composition and diffraction measurements obtained from the same grain or a demonstrably equivalent region?","id":"coincident-chemical-structural-evidence-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Could adjacent copper-bearing or silicate material account for part of the apparent iranite composition?","id":"coincident-chemical-structural-evidence-q02","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"What spatial resolution or isolated-grain analysis would resolve the remaining ambiguity?","id":"coincident-chemical-structural-evidence-q03","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"occurrence-and-specimen-state","name":"Occurrence and specimen state","description":"Record where the iranite occurrence came from and what condition its grains retain.","layers":[{"id":"occurrence-provenance","name":"Occurrence provenance","description":"Separate documented collection context from inferred geological history.","findings":[{"id":"locality-and-association-evidence","name":"Locality and association evidence","description":"Record locality and neighboring phases as independently supported observations, without treating them as proof of iranite identity or formation sequence.","questions":[{"text":"What collection record, publication or field documentation supports this specimen's locality?","id":"locality-and-association-evidence-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which associated phases and contact relationships were observed directly around the proposed iranite grains?","id":"locality-and-association-evidence-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"integrity-and-alteration","name":"Integrity and alteration","description":"Assess whether measured surfaces and interiors represent the same retained mineral phase.","findings":[{"id":"representative-iranite-material","name":"Representative iranite material","description":"Document fractures, coatings, loose grains and suspected replacement before interpreting a surface analysis as bulk iranite.","questions":[{"text":"Do coatings, altered rims or matrix inclusions affect the region selected for analysis?","id":"representative-iranite-material-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which grain or region can answer the identification question while preserving the specimen's diagnostic features?","id":"representative-iranite-material-q02","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"examination-and-handling","name":"Examination and handling","description":"Connect proposed interventions to specimen preservation and evidence about constituent release.","layers":[{"id":"analytical-interventions","name":"Analytical interventions","description":"Choose examination methods according to the unresolved identity question and available material.","findings":[{"id":"sampling-justification","name":"Sampling justification","description":"Record the information expected from an intervention, its material demand and its possible effects on fragile iranite grains.","questions":[{"text":"Can imaging or analysis of an existing exposed grain resolve the question before material is removed?","id":"sampling-justification-q01","kind":"action"},{"text":"How much iranite-bearing material would the proposed measurement consume or modify?","id":"sampling-justification-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"release-and-treatment-evidence","name":"Release and treatment evidence","description":"Evaluate dust generation, cleaning and storage using evidence appropriate to this material and operation.","findings":[{"id":"operation-specific-constraints","name":"Operation-specific constraints","description":"Treat potential lead- and chromate-bearing release as a composition-based concern to assess; leave solubility, exposure limits and formal classifications unresolved unless supported by applicable sources.","questions":[{"text":"Could the proposed operation generate loose particles or dissolved constituents, and what evidence supports the handling controls selected?","id":"operation-specific-constraints-q01","kind":"action"},{"text":"What iranite-specific evidence supports compatibility with the proposed cleaning agent, temperature or storage environment?","id":"operation-specific-constraints-q02","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Does any cited chemical identifier or hazard classification cover iranite itself, a constituent compound or the entire mixed specimen?","id":"operation-specific-constraints-q03","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"evidence-and-external-alignment","name":"Evidence and external alignment","description":"What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.","layers":[{"id":"reported-evidence","name":"Reported evidence","description":"Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.","findings":[{"id":"evidence-confidence-notes","name":"Check these first","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these check these first hold for the sense of iranite this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-confidence-notes-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-identifiers","name":"Identifiers and schemes","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of iranite this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-identifiers-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-real-world-use","name":"Real-world use","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of iranite this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-real-world-use-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards","name":"Failure modes and hazards","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of iranite this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-neighbours","name":"Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of iranite this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-neighbours-q01","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe iranite, its composition and type locality from mineralogical sources.","Record specimens with locality and provenance data."],"mustNot":["Advise handling it without hand washing or other basic precautions for lead and chromate minerals.","Advise grinding it or using it as a pigment or remedy.","Sell another orange mineral as iranite without analysis."],"requiresHuman":["Confirming a specimen's identity for sale."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["It contains lead and hexavalent chromium, both toxic.","Rare species attract mislabelling in the mineral trade."],"affectedParties":["Collectors and households","Children who handle specimens"]},"owners":{"steward":"The person or collection that holds a specimen.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q51875002","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.iranite","Wikidata: Q3801840 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3801840)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Identification confidence: unassessed | provisional | analytically supported | disputed","Phase-specific composition: Element or oxide mass percent and atoms per formula unit, with normalization, uncertainty and detection limits","Cu and Zn occupancy evidence: Cu and Zn atoms per formula unit or refined site occupancies","Hydroxyl and fluorine evidence: F mass percent; OH-sensitive spectral observations; inferred versus directly measured assignments","Crystallographic agreement: Indexed reflections, d-spacings in angstroms, cell lengths in angstroms, cell angles in degrees and reference-match assessment","Iranite phase fraction: Mass or volume percent with method, uncertainty and sampled region; unknown when unmeasured","Occurrence and reference linkage: Specimen identifier, locality evidence, collection record and analytical reference","Grain integrity and loose material: Intact | fractured | friable | loose grains or powder | altered | unknown"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Tiny saffron-yellow to orange crystals on oxidized lead ore.","Resembles other lead chromates; confirmed by analysis."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["Assign or revise an iranite identification using linked chemical and structural evidence.","Select grain-specific analyses that distinguish iranite from hemihedrite and mixed mineral assemblages.","Map iranite-bearing regions before sampling or estimating phase purity.","Compare measurements with authenticated references while retaining formula and method differences.","Evaluate whether proposed cleaning, sampling or display conditions have adequate specimen-specific support."]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Contains lead and chromate; dust and residues on hands are toxic.","Chromate compounds are carcinogenic when inhaled."]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["The Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals, issued by the United Nations, provides the framework for assessing and communicating chemical hazards when iranite is supplied as a chemical material."]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Iranite is encountered in mineral collections and geological studies of oxidized mineral deposits.","Its rarity and chemical composition make it relevant to mineral identification, specimen documentation and research on secondary mineral formation."]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q3801840: iranite","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3801840","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Iranite","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranite","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["What current nomenclature rules define the compositional boundary between iranite, hemihedrite and other related phases?","How should historical (F,OH) formula notation be reconciled with the hydroxyl formula established in the structural study for different specimens?","Which authenticated diffraction and spectroscopic references provide reliable discrimination across natural compositional variation?","What iranite-specific data establish dissolution, alteration, thermal behavior and compatibility with conservation treatments?","Are CAS, PubChem, EC or formal hazard records available that unambiguously describe iranite itself rather than an idealized compound or constituent?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q3801840/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q3801840/spec.json"],"providers":["Codex"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T10:34:05Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:30+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}