{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.execution","code":"thing-q3966286","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q3966286/","name":"execution","alternateNames":["public execution","throat cutting","mass execution"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.3","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Activities and processes","entryKind":"thing","plane":"ACT","domain":["ACT.PRC"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"The killing of a person by or on behalf of a state or other governing authority to carry out a death sentence as capital punishment; this sense excludes extrajudicial killings and does not imply that a particular sentence or execution complies with applicable law or human rights obligations.","purpose":"Let an agent describe execution as a historical and legal practice in neutral, non-graphic terms, relay the legal status of capital punishment by country and the positions of international bodies with attribution, distinguish lawful executions from extrajudicial and mass killings, and route questions about specific cases to sourced reporting.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Execution carries out a death sentence imposed by an authority.","Execution in this sense is capital punishment, with the legality of particular cases subject to assessment.","Methods and publicity have varied historically.","Execution is a subject of international human rights law."],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"concept","name":"Concept","description":"What execution means.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Definition and forms.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What is execution, and how do lawful capital punishment, extrajudicial killing and mass execution differ?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the presentation non-graphic and free of operational detail?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How did execution practice change across history, including the decline of public executions?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits capital punishment?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"law","name":"Law","description":"Legal status.","layers":[{"id":"status","name":"Status","description":"Status by country.","findings":[{"id":"status-finding","name":"Status","description":"Status.","questions":[{"text":"Which countries retain, suspend or abolish the death penalty, with sources?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the information current?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"international","name":"International","description":"International law.","findings":[{"id":"international-finding","name":"International","description":"International.","questions":[{"text":"What do international instruments and bodies say about the death penalty and extrajudicial killings?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits human rights law?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"debate","name":"Debate","description":"Abolition debate.","layers":[{"id":"positions","name":"Positions","description":"Positions.","findings":[{"id":"positions-finding","name":"Positions","description":"Positions.","questions":[{"text":"What arguments do abolitionist and retentionist positions make, with attribution?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation neutral?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"evidence","name":"Evidence","description":"Evidence.","findings":[{"id":"evidence-finding","name":"Evidence","description":"Evidence.","questions":[{"text":"What do studies say about deterrence, error and disparities, with findings attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"cases","name":"Cases","description":"Cases and documentation.","layers":[{"id":"atrocities","name":"Atrocities","description":"Mass executions.","findings":[{"id":"atrocities-finding","name":"Atrocities","description":"Atrocities.","questions":[{"text":"How do historians and tribunals document mass executions, with attribution?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific event?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"monitoring","name":"Monitoring","description":"Monitoring.","findings":[{"id":"monitoring-finding","name":"Monitoring","description":"Monitoring.","questions":[{"text":"Which organisations monitor executions, and how do they report?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Explain the death penalty and its legal status by country, citing sources.","Distinguish lawful capital punishment from extrajudicial killing.","Present debates on the death penalty with several views."],"mustNot":["Describe methods in graphic or operational detail.","Present contested cases or guilt as settled.","Advocate for or against the death penalty as if it were fact.","Assist in carrying out any killing."],"requiresHuman":["Publishing content about named people facing or subjected to execution."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Executions end lives irreversibly, and wrongful convictions occur.","Families of victims and of those executed deserve dignity."],"affectedParties":["People sentenced to death","Families of victims and of the condemned","The public"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody owns the practice; states that retain it regulate it by law.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q149086","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q2438541","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q30904503","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"homicide","type":"related","note":"a killing"},{"target":"manner of death","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"institutional violence","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"capital punishment law","type":"related","note":"where lawful"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.execution","Wikidata: Q3966286 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966286)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":["countries retaining the death penalty in practice: about 55 count - per abolitionist organisations, with sources","countries abolitionist in law or practice: over 140 count - per the same sources"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Execution in this sense is the carrying out of a death sentence as capital punishment.","Extrajudicial killing is outside this sense.","Homicide in general and assassination are separate entries.","Not a visible object; a state act carried out under procedure."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain the practice and its legal forms","relay legal status by country with sources","present abolition debates with attribution","distinguish lawful from extrajudicial killing"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Graphic or operational description","Presenting contested cases as settled","Conflating lawful executions with extrajudicial killings","Advocacy in either direction presented as fact"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and its Second Optional Protocol","UN safeguards on the rights of those facing the death penalty","National criminal codes","International humanitarian law on unlawful killings"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Not applicable; a penal and historical practice.","capital punishment after judicial sentence","public executions in history","mass executions in wars and atrocities","extrajudicial executions","military executions"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q3966286: execution","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966286","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Execution","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Execution","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should capital punishment be the primary entry?","How should status-by-country sources be linked?","The registry entry has merged an alias naming a specific method; should it be removed?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q3966286/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q3966286/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T21:40:42Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:30+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane ACT: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}