{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.pegaptanib","code":"thing-q409935","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q409935/","name":"pegaptanib","alternateNames":[],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.1.0-research.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.MAT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"Pegaptanib is a pegylated, chemically modified RNA aptamer that selectively binds the VEGF165 isoform of vascular endothelial growth factor A and inhibits its activity, developed for intravitreal treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration.","purpose":"Enable an agent to identify pegaptanib, assess the integrity and activity of a material sample, and determine which handling or use decisions its evidence supports.","scope":{"in":["Modified oligonucleotide sequence, terminal chemistry and PEG conjugation","Distinction between pegaptanib active moiety, sodium salt and formulated material","Sample composition, concentration, impurities and degradation","VEGF isoform binding and functional inhibition under specified assay conditions","Storage history, analytical evidence and substance-level use restrictions"],"out":["Macugen finished-product composition, packaging and commercial lifecycle","Intravitreal injection procedures and delivery devices","Patient-specific diagnosis, prescribing and treatment decisions","Age-related macular degeneration and its clinical progression","VEGF biology beyond the relationships needed to describe pegaptanib activity","Manufacturing equipment and synthesis-process operation"],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Pegaptanib is a PEG-conjugated modified RNA aptamer; molecular identification must distinguish it from antibody fragments, fusion proteins and other VEGF inhibitors. [FDA Macugen label, 2011](https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/021756s018lbl.pdf)","Sequence, nucleotide modifications, terminal linkage and PEG attachment must match the reference identity; an unconjugated precursor or another RNA aptamer does not establish pegaptanib identity.","Its characteristic target interaction involves the heparin-binding domain of VEGF165; an assay reporting only generic VEGF inhibition is insufficient to establish this specificity. [Primary binding study](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16357200/)","A pegaptanib sodium sample and a Macugen syringe represent a salt form and a finished product respectively; neither name alone establishes the composition or quality of an arbitrary pegaptanib sample."],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"aptamer-conjugate-identity","name":"Aptamer conjugate identity","description":"Establish the molecular features that make a material pegaptanib.","layers":[{"id":"modified-oligonucleotide","name":"Modified oligonucleotide","description":"Resolve the nucleotide chain and its position-specific chemistry.","findings":[{"id":"sequence-and-terminal-match","name":"Sequence and terminal match","description":"Record evidence for the sequence, nucleotide modifications and terminal structures against a named reference.","questions":[{"text":"What exact sequence, position-specific sugar modifications and terminal linkages define the reference pegaptanib oligonucleotide?","id":"sequence-and-terminal-match-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which analytical results distinguish the sample from truncations, sequence variants and incorrectly modified chains?","id":"sequence-and-terminal-match-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"peg-and-salt-form","name":"PEG and salt form","description":"Identify conjugation architecture and the chemical form represented by the sample.","findings":[{"id":"complete-conjugate-representation","name":"Complete conjugate representation","description":"Connect PEG attachment and distribution to an explicitly identified active-moiety or salt representation.","questions":[{"text":"What PEG architecture, attachment chemistry and molar-mass distribution are required by the reference identity?","id":"complete-conjugate-representation-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Does each identifier and reported molecular mass refer to pegaptanib, pegaptanib sodium or an incompletely specified conjugate?","id":"complete-conjugate-representation-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"vegf-recognition-and-potency","name":"VEGF recognition and potency","description":"Describe target recognition separately from measured inhibition.","layers":[{"id":"isoform-recognition","name":"Isoform recognition","description":"Resolve which VEGF forms bind and what evidence supports selectivity.","findings":[{"id":"target-binding-specificity","name":"Target-binding specificity","description":"Record isoform-resolved affinity and evidence about the binding region without assuming all VEGF forms behave alike.","questions":[{"text":"Which VEGF isoforms and constructs were tested, and what affinity or non-binding limits were measured for each?","id":"target-binding-specificity-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"What experimental evidence connects recognition to the VEGF165 heparin-binding domain?","id":"target-binding-specificity-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"functional-activity","name":"Functional activity","description":"Connect molecular binding to inhibition in a defined experimental system.","findings":[{"id":"assay-qualified-potency","name":"Assay-qualified potency","description":"Interpret activity using an identified reference, endpoint and solution conditions.","questions":[{"text":"What receptor-binding or cellular endpoint demonstrates inhibition, and how is potency normalized to the reference material?","id":"assay-qualified-potency-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which differences in buffer, ions, target concentration or incubation prevent two potency results from being compared directly?","id":"assay-qualified-potency-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"lot-composition-and-quality","name":"Lot composition and quality","description":"Determine how much intact pegaptanib a sample contains and what accompanies it.","layers":[{"id":"content-and-presentation","name":"Content and presentation","description":"Specify material form and the basis of quantitative measurements.","findings":[{"id":"qualified-content-result","name":"Qualified content result","description":"Record content with chemical basis, method and uncertainty appropriate to the sample presentation.","questions":[{"text":"Is reported content based on intact pegaptanib, sodium salt, total oligonucleotide or total dry material?","id":"qualified-content-result-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"What method measures concentration or mass fraction, and how are solvent, water and counterions accounted for?","id":"qualified-content-result-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"impurities-and-release","name":"Impurities and release","description":"Evaluate related substances and contaminants against a documented intended use.","findings":[{"id":"use-specific-quality-evidence","name":"Use-specific quality evidence","description":"Separate analytical purity from the wider evidence required to qualify a drug-substance lot.","questions":[{"text":"Which methods resolve free PEG, unconjugated aptamer, sequence-related impurities and degradation products, and at what reporting limits?","id":"use-specific-quality-evidence-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which impurity, residual-reagent and microbial or endotoxin requirements apply to this lot's intended use, and what results support release?","id":"use-specific-quality-evidence-q02","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"stability-and-material-handling","name":"Stability and material handling","description":"Track conditions that preserve or compromise the pegaptanib conjugate and its measured activity.","layers":[{"id":"integrity-over-time","name":"Integrity over time","description":"Relate exposure history to chemical and functional change.","findings":[{"id":"stability-indicating-evidence","name":"Stability-indicating evidence","description":"Assess storage claims through methods capable of detecting relevant conjugate changes.","questions":[{"text":"Which observed changes in oligonucleotide integrity, PEG attachment or potency limit stability under the tested conditions?","id":"stability-indicating-evidence-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"What studies support storage duration and excursion limits for this exact substance presentation and container?","id":"stability-indicating-evidence-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"solution-and-contact-conditions","name":"Solution and contact conditions","description":"Determine whether preparation and material contact preserve recoverable, active pegaptanib.","findings":[{"id":"handling-compatibility","name":"Handling compatibility","description":"Record validated preparation conditions and evidence for losses or changes during handling.","questions":[{"text":"How do pH, ionic composition, concentration and container or filter contact affect recovery and measured activity?","id":"handling-compatibility-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"After dilution, transfer or a temperature excursion, what evidence permits continued use and what triggers retesting or quarantine?","id":"handling-compatibility-q02","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"substance-product-and-use-boundaries","name":"Substance, product and use boundaries","description":"Connect pegaptanib to authoritative records without transferring product permissions or instructions to arbitrary material.","layers":[{"id":"record-and-product-linkage","name":"Record and product linkage","description":"Maintain traceable relationships between the registry thing, chemical forms and medicinal products.","findings":[{"id":"authoritative-identity-links","name":"Authoritative identity links","description":"Verify identifiers and product relationships with jurisdiction and date attached.","questions":[{"text":"Which authoritative records resolve pegaptanib and its sodium salt, and do their structural representations agree?","id":"authoritative-identity-links-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which statements concern the substance itself, and which concern a particular Macugen formulation, authorization or historical label?","id":"authoritative-identity-links-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"handling-and-use-qualification","name":"Handling and use qualification","description":"Determine what handling and downstream uses the material's documented status supports.","findings":[{"id":"evidence-bounded-disposition","name":"Evidence-bounded disposition","description":"Use applicable material safety information and qualification evidence to support a disposition decision.","questions":[{"text":"What supplier safety data and jurisdiction-specific hazard classifications apply to this chemical form and concentration, and are exposure limits established?","id":"evidence-bounded-disposition-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Does the lot documentation support reference-standard use, research use or transfer into a qualified pharmaceutical process?","id":"evidence-bounded-disposition-q02","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"evidence-and-external-alignment","name":"Evidence and external alignment","description":"What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.","layers":[{"id":"reported-evidence","name":"Reported evidence","description":"Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.","findings":[{"id":"evidence-confidence-notes","name":"Check these first","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these check these first hold for the sense of pegaptanib this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-confidence-notes-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-identifiers","name":"Identifiers and schemes","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of pegaptanib this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-identifiers-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-real-world-use","name":"Real-world use","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of pegaptanib this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-real-world-use-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-measurements","name":"Typical measurements","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of pegaptanib this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-measurements-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards","name":"Failure modes and hazards","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of pegaptanib this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-neighbours","name":"Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of pegaptanib this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-neighbours-q01","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe pegaptanib and its role in the history of eye treatment from medicines information.","Report its current authorization status, which has lapsed in some markets."],"mustNot":["Recommend it or any eye injection for a specific person.","Present it as a current first-line treatment where it is no longer authorized.","Supply it outside the regulated medicines chain."],"requiresHuman":["Any decision to treat a patient's eye condition."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Eye injections carry risks of infection and vision loss and need specialist care.","Outdated treatment information can lead patients away from better options."],"affectedParties":["Patients with macular disease","Eye specialists"]},"owners":{"steward":"The marketing authorization holder; medicines regulators decide its status.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Medicines regulators' product registers"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q49849144","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.pegaptanib","Wikidata: Q409935 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q409935)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Molecular identity match: verified match | partial match | mismatch | untested; reference and methods required","Nucleotide and terminal chemistry: Position-resolved sequence, sugar modifications, backbone and terminal linkages","PEG conjugation profile: Attachment-site identity, conjugated fraction in %, and PEG molar-mass distribution in g/mol","Salt and identifier mapping: Active moiety ↔ specified salt form ↔ verified CAS, PubChem or jurisdictional record","Pegaptanib content: mg/mL or mg/g, with active-moiety or salt basis and analytical method","Purity and related substances: % by stated method; individual impurity concentrations with detection limits","VEGF binding and inhibition: KD in mol/L; IC50 in mol/L or relative potency in %, with isoform and assay conditions","Material presentation: As-observed physical form; solvent, pH, ionic composition and temperature where applicable","Storage and excursion history: Temperature in °C, duration, light exposure, freeze-thaw count and evidence-backed disposition","Material-use qualification: Research material | reference standard | qualified drug substance | other documented status | unknown"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Supplied as a solution in a prefilled syringe for injection into the eye."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["Compare a sample's sequence, modifications and conjugation profile against an authenticated pegaptanib reference.","Resolve whether an identifier or quantity describes the active moiety, sodium salt or a finished formulation.","Assess intact content and impurity evidence for a specified analytical or development use.","Compare VEGF isoform binding and inhibitory potency under compatible assay conditions.","Flag storage excursions or degradation evidence requiring retesting or quarantine.","Link a qualified substance lot to a product record while preserving separate product and clinical decisions."]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Injection into the eye can cause infection, raised pressure or retinal damage."]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["The Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification, maintained by the WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology, assigns pegaptanib code S01LA03 among ocular antineovascularisation agents."]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Pegaptanib was developed for specialist ophthalmic treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration through inhibition of VEGF165.","It is also encountered in pharmaceutical analysis and research on modified RNA aptamers and targeted inhibition of blood vessel growth."]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q409935: pegaptanib","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q409935","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Pegaptanib","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pegaptanib","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Which authoritative structural reference resolves nucleotide counting, terminal residues, PEG architecture and identifier mappings for pegaptanib versus pegaptanib sodium?","Which publicly accessible specifications define acceptable conjugation distribution, related substances and validated potency limits for qualified pegaptanib drug substance?","What stability and handling limits are established for bulk pegaptanib independently of finished Macugen formulations?","Which material-specific GHS classifications, exposure limits and physical-property measurements are available, and which properties are inapplicable or obscured by decomposition and polymer distribution?","Which jurisdictions currently maintain relevant product authorizations or supply, and how should those dated product facts be linked without becoming intrinsic substance properties?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q409935/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q409935/spec.json"],"providers":["Codex"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T11:58:09Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:30+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}