{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.hemorrhoid","code":"thing-q41478","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q41478/","name":"hemorrhoid","alternateNames":["mixed hemorrhoid","perianal hematoma","internal hemorrhoid"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.3","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Cross-cutting context","entryKind":"thing","plane":"XCT","domain":["XCT.STA"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"Haemorrhoids are normal vascular structures in the anal canal that contribute to continence; haemorrhoidal disease occurs when these structures become pathologically enlarged or otherwise symptomatic, potentially causing bleeding, itching, discomfort or prolapse, and rectal bleeding can also have other causes.","purpose":"Let an agent explain haemorrhoids in general terms, relay causes, symptoms and treatment principles from clinical guidelines, identify warning signs that require assessment, and route personal symptoms to clinicians.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Vascular cushions","Internal grades I to IV","Common and usually benign","Bleeding needs assessment"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What haemorrhoids are.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Definition and kinds.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What are haemorrhoids, and what kinds and grades exist?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the user describing bleeding or symptoms, which need assessment by a clinician?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"causes","name":"Causes","description":"Causes and risk factors.","findings":[{"id":"causes-finding","name":"Causes","description":"Causes.","questions":[{"text":"What causes haemorrhoids, and who is at risk?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific kind?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"clinical","name":"Clinical","description":"Assessment and treatment.","layers":[{"id":"assessment","name":"Assessment","description":"Assessment.","findings":[{"id":"assessment-finding","name":"Assessment","description":"Assessment.","questions":[{"text":"How are haemorrhoids assessed, and why is rectal bleeding investigated?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation free of personal medical advice?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"treatment","name":"Treatment","description":"Treatment principles.","findings":[{"id":"treatment-finding","name":"Treatment","description":"Treatment.","questions":[{"text":"What treatment principles do guidelines describe, from diet to procedures, in general terms?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"prevent","name":"Prevent","description":"Prevention.","layers":[{"id":"prevention","name":"Prevention","description":"Prevention.","findings":[{"id":"prevention-finding","name":"Prevention","description":"Prevention.","questions":[{"text":"What prevention measures do health sources recommend?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits constipation?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"special","name":"Special","description":"Pregnancy and other groups.","findings":[{"id":"special-finding","name":"Special","description":"Special.","questions":[{"text":"How are haemorrhoids managed in pregnancy and other groups, in general terms?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"Burden and history.","layers":[{"id":"burden","name":"Burden","description":"Burden.","findings":[{"id":"burden-finding","name":"Burden","description":"Burden.","questions":[{"text":"How common are haemorrhoids, and what do studies report, with sources?","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which entry fits colorectal health?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How were haemorrhoids treated historically?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits the history of surgery?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Explain what haemorrhoids are and common factors associated with them, citing medical sources.","Encourage people with rectal bleeding to see a clinician to rule out other causes.","Discuss the condition plainly and without embarrassment."],"mustNot":["Tell a person their bleeding is just haemorrhoids without clinical assessment.","Recommend procedures or home treatments beyond general, sourced advice.","Mock or shame people about the condition.","Share a person's condition with others without consent."],"requiresHuman":["Decisions about treatment beyond simple self-care.","Assessing rectal bleeding, which may signal serious disease."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Embarrassment delays care, and bowel cancer can hide behind symptoms blamed on haemorrhoids.","Intimate conditions call for dignity and privacy."],"affectedParties":["Patients","Clinicians"]},"owners":{"steward":"The patient's treating clinician; the record belongs in the patient's health record.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Patient health records"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q18558211","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q56603543","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q949302","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"anal disease","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"pelvic varices","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"colorectal surgery","type":"related","note":"when needed"},{"target":"anal fissure","type":"related","note":"another cause of symptoms"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.hemorrhoid","Wikidata: Q41478 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41478)","ICD-10: K64 haemorrhoids","ICD-11: DB60"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":["lifetime prevalence: about 40-50 percent - estimates vary"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Enlarged anal vascular cushions","Internal, external and mixed kinds","Perianal haematoma, fissures and rectal cancer are other causes of similar symptoms","Not a visible object in general; external haemorrhoids appear as swellings at the anus."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain the condition and kinds","relay causes and treatment principles","identify warning signs","route personal symptoms to clinicians"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Missed serious causes of bleeding","Agents giving personal medical advice","Embarrassment delaying care"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Clinical guidelines from colorectal societies","Regulation of over-the-counter treatments"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Not applicable; a condition.","internal haemorrhoids graded I to IV","external haemorrhoids","mixed haemorrhoids","thrombosed haemorrhoids","perianal haematoma as a related condition"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q41478: hemorrhoid","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41478","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Hemorrhoid","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemorrhoid","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should perianal haematoma be a separate entry?","How should guidelines be linked?","The registry entry has merged aliases naming kinds and a related condition; should they be split off?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q41478/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q41478/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T23:35:12Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:30+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane XCT: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}