{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.court","code":"thing-q41487","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q41487/","name":"court","alternateNames":["audiencia territorial","Real Audiencia","Centgericht","real audiencia indiana","world court","international court","defunct court","Provisional District World Court","Provisional Regional World Court","Gogericht","cour d'appel","specialised court of the European Union"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Society, people and institutions","entryKind":"thing","plane":"SOC","domain":["SOC.ORG"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A tribunal with authority to decide legal disputes and administer justice in civil, criminal, administrative and other matters, from local courts to supreme and international courts; historical forms include the Spanish audiencias.","purpose":"Let an agent handle courts by jurisdiction, level, competence, procedure and access, without giving legal advice on individual cases.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Decides legal disputes","Hierarchy of instances","Public hearings in principle","Independent judiciary"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"identity","name":"Identity","description":"Which court.","layers":[{"id":"court","name":"Court","description":"Name and level.","findings":[{"id":"court-finding","name":"Court","description":"Court identity.","questions":[{"text":"Which court, at which level and in which jurisdiction?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"What cases does it hear?","kind":"definition"}]}]},{"id":"competence","name":"Competence","description":"Jurisdiction.","findings":[{"id":"competence-finding","name":"Competence","description":"Competence.","questions":[{"text":"Is this the competent court for the matter?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Who decides competence?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"procedure","name":"Procedure","description":"How cases run.","layers":[{"id":"steps","name":"Steps","description":"Process.","findings":[{"id":"steps-finding","name":"Steps","description":"Procedure.","questions":[{"text":"What are the main stages of proceedings?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"What deadlines apply?","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"appeal","name":"Appeal","description":"Higher courts.","findings":[{"id":"appeal-finding","name":"Appeal","description":"Appeals.","questions":[{"text":"Where can a decision be appealed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Within what time?","kind":"measurement"}]}]}]},{"id":"access","name":"Access","description":"Getting help.","layers":[{"id":"legal-aid","name":"Legal aid","description":"Help.","findings":[{"id":"legal-aid-finding","name":"Legal aid","description":"Legal aid.","questions":[{"text":"Is legal aid or a court help desk available?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Who is eligible?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"hearings","name":"Hearings","description":"Public access.","findings":[{"id":"hearings-finding","name":"Hearings","description":"Hearings.","questions":[{"text":"Are hearings public, and how can they be attended?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Are there accessibility services?","kind":"definition"}]}]}]},{"id":"records","name":"Records","description":"Judgments.","layers":[{"id":"judgments","name":"Judgments","description":"Case law.","findings":[{"id":"judgments-finding","name":"Judgments","description":"Judgments.","questions":[{"text":"Where are judgments published?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Are parties anonymised?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"limits","name":"Limits","description":"No legal advice.","findings":[{"id":"limits-finding","name":"Limits","description":"Advice limit.","questions":[{"text":"Is the user asking for advice on their own case?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"How should the agent refer them?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Report court decisions, listings and procedures from official court records.","Explain how courts and appeals work in general terms."],"mustNot":["Present general information as legal advice in a person's case.","Publish details protected by reporting restrictions, such as names of children or victims.","Contact jurors, witnesses or judges to influence a case.","File documents on someone's behalf without authorized human review and approval.","Impersonate a party or lawyer before a court."],"requiresHuman":["Filing anything with a court on someone's behalf requires authorized human review and approval.","Publishing commentary on a case still being decided requires human review."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Courts decide liberty, property and family; fairness and openness both matter.","Victims, witnesses and children need protection from exposure."],"affectedParties":["Parties to cases","Victims and witnesses","The public"]},"owners":{"steward":"The state judiciary that constitutes it; court registries keep its records.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Court records and case registries"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q1412224","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q327333","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q895526","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"tribunal and governing body","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"law","type":"related","note":"rules"},{"target":"judge","type":"related","note":"officials"},{"target":"royal court and courtyard","type":"related","note":"other senses"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.court","Wikidata: Q41487 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41487)","ECLI: European Case Law Identifier judgments"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Court name and level","Case numbers and published judgments","Royal courts or courtyards are other senses","Courthouses with courtrooms, judges, parties and clerks; many hearings now online."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["find the competent court","look up hearings and judgments","access legal aid and court help desks","understand appeal routes"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Agents giving legal advice","Missing deadlines","Confusing jurisdictions"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["National constitutions and court organisation acts","European Convention on Human Rights Article 6","Rules of civil and criminal procedure"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Resolving disputes and upholding the rule of law.","civil and criminal courts","administrative courts","appellate and supreme courts","international courts","historical courts"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q41487: court","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41487","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Court","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Court","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should court types be separate entries?","How should judgments be linked?","How should other senses be split off?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q41487/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q41487/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-11T08:11:06Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:30+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane SOC: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}