{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.ancient-history","code":"thing-q41493","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q41493/","name":"ancient history","alternateNames":["history of the Scythians","Roman period","Romania in Antiquity","late antiquity","ancient Near East","Ancient Armenia","classical antiquity","Ancient China","Later Roman Empire","Low Roman Empire","ancient Levant","history of the ancient Levant"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.2","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Information and virtual systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"INF","domain":["INF.KNW"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"The period of human history from the beginning of written records in the late fourth millennium before the common era to the end of late antiquity around the sixth to seventh centuries, covering the ancient Near East, Egypt, Greece, Rome, Persia, India, China and other regions, peoples such as the Scythians and Armenians, and the Roman period in provinces in parts of present-day Romania, such as Dacia; ancient history is studied through texts, archaeology and epigraphy, and its periodisation and interpretation are debated.","purpose":"Let an agent explain ancient history and its periodisation and regions, describe sources and methods, present interpretations with attribution, and support study.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Text and archaeology based","Regional civilisations","Debated periodisation","Long timespan"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What ancient history covers.","layers":[{"id":"scope","name":"Scope","description":"Scope and periodisation.","findings":[{"id":"scope-finding","name":"Scope","description":"Scope.","questions":[{"text":"What period and regions does ancient history cover, and how do scholars periodise it?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which region or period is meant?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"civilisations","name":"Civilisations","description":"Civilisations and peoples.","findings":[{"id":"civilisations-finding","name":"Civilisations","description":"Civilisations.","questions":[{"text":"What were the main civilisations and peoples of antiquity, and how did they interact?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific civilisation?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"sources","name":"Sources","description":"Sources and methods.","layers":[{"id":"sources","name":"Sources","description":"Sources.","findings":[{"id":"sources-finding","name":"Sources","description":"Sources.","questions":[{"text":"What textual, archaeological and epigraphic sources exist, and how are they assessed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits archaeology?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"methods","name":"Methods","description":"Methods and dating.","findings":[{"id":"methods-finding","name":"Methods","description":"Methods.","questions":[{"text":"How are ancient events dated, and what chronological debates exist, with positions attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation attributed?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"interpret","name":"Interpret","description":"Interpretation.","layers":[{"id":"debates","name":"Debates","description":"Debates.","findings":[{"id":"debates-finding","name":"Debates","description":"Debates.","questions":[{"text":"What major interpretive debates exist in ancient history, and how do modern politics shape claims about ancient peoples?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation neutral?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"legacy","name":"Legacy","description":"Legacy.","findings":[{"id":"legacy-finding","name":"Legacy","description":"Legacy.","questions":[{"text":"How has antiquity been received and used in later cultures?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits classical reception?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"learn","name":"Learn","description":"Study and teaching.","layers":[{"id":"references","name":"References","description":"References.","findings":[{"id":"references-finding","name":"References","description":"References.","questions":[{"text":"Which works are standard for each region and period?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"teach","name":"Teach","description":"Teaching.","findings":[{"id":"teach-finding","name":"Teach","description":"Teaching.","questions":[{"text":"How can ancient history be taught with primary sources and global breadth?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which misconceptions arise?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Explain ancient history with sources and the state of scholarly debate.","Describe archaeological finds with their provenance."],"mustNot":["Present myths or pseudo-archaeology as established history.","Help trade looted antiquities or hide their provenance.","Use ancient history to claim superiority of a modern people.","Invent sources or quotations."],"requiresHuman":["Statements on contested heritage claims between communities or states."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Ancient history is used to justify territorial and ethnic claims.","Looting destroys the record of the past."],"affectedParties":["Descendant communities","Scholars","The public"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody: the past is held in common; heritage authorities protect sites and finds.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Archaeological site and heritage registers"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q309","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"history","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"historiography","type":"related","note":"debates over interpretation"},{"target":"mastaba","type":"related","note":"an ancient Egyptian monument"},{"target":"history of Japan","type":"related","note":"another historical field entry"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.ancient-history","Wikidata: Q41493 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["From early writing to late antiquity","Near East, Mediterranean, Asia and beyond","Prehistory precedes writing; the medieval period follows","Not physical; a field of study."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain periodisation and regions","describe sources and methods","present interpretations","support study"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Eurocentric framing","Presenting contested chronologies as settled","Nationalist appropriation of ancient peoples"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Scholarly citation and source standards","Antiquities protection law","Archaeological ethics"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["History from early writing to late antiquity.","ancient Near East and Egypt","ancient Greece and Rome","ancient Persia, India and China","ancient peoples such as Scythians and Armenians","late antiquity"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q41493: ancient history","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Ancient history","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_history","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should each civilisation be a separate entry?","How should source collections be linked?","How should chronology debates be attributed?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q41493/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q41493/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T03:14:16Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:30+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane INF: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}