{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.milarite","code":"thing-q415990","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q415990/","name":"milarite","alternateNames":[],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.1.0-research.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.MAT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"Milarite is a rare, hexagonal, hydrated potassium-calcium-beryllium-aluminium cyclosilicate mineral with ideal formula KCa2Be2AlSi12O30·H2O and a structure containing double six-membered silicate rings.","purpose":"Enable an agent to identify milarite, evaluate the evidence and condition of a specimen, and select appropriate analysis, preservation or handling actions.","scope":{"in":["Species identification supported by composition and crystallography","Measured composition, substitutions and water content","Optical properties and variation between crystal sectors","Milarite phase abundance, inclusions and attached matrix","Occurrence evidence, specimen condition and treatment history","Suitability for analysis, preservation and dust-generating preparation"],"out":["The entire milarite mineral group and its other species","Host-rock classification and deposit-scale geological models","Beryllium extraction and industrial refining processes","Finished jewellery design, valuation and trading","Synthetic materials sharing a milarite-type structure without established milarite species identity"],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Require agreement between chemistry and diffraction: a milarite-type structure alone does not establish the milarite species.","Compare measured composition against the K-Ca-Be-Al silicate identity; CSIRO records KCa2(Be2AlSi12)O30·H2O, but specimen water content requires separate evidence. [CSIRO mineral record](https://spectroscopy.csiro.au/material/Milarite)","Use diffraction to distinguish visually similar crystals, including beryl and quartz; crystal outline and colour alone are insufficient.","Treat sectorial biaxial optical behaviour as compatible with a milarite identification rather than an automatic rejection: it was documented alongside hexagonal crystallographic symmetry. [Janeczek, 1986](https://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/MinMag/Volume_50/50-356-271.pdf)","Resolve the spelling explicitly when importing labels: milarite must not be accepted from a record merely because its name resembles millerite."],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"milarite-species-identification","name":"Milarite species identification","description":"Establish whether the registered name applies to the examined mineral phase.","layers":[{"id":"name-and-species-boundary","name":"Name and species boundary","description":"Resolve labels and separate milarite from group-level or similarly spelled names.","findings":[{"id":"label-resolution","name":"Label resolution","description":"Record what the original identification actually names and the evidence supporting that interpretation.","questions":[{"text":"Does the original record identify milarite as a species, a milarite-group mineral or an uncertain visual identification?","id":"label-resolution-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"What original label or analytical record rules out a transcription error involving millerite?","id":"label-resolution-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"analytical-identification","name":"Analytical identification","description":"Join structural and chemical evidence at the same sampling location.","findings":[{"id":"convergent-species-evidence","name":"Convergent species evidence","description":"Require compatible observations and retain plausible competing identifications.","questions":[{"text":"Which authenticated diffraction reference matches the examined phase, and which peaks remain unexplained?","id":"convergent-species-evidence-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Does chemistry from that same phase support milarite rather than another mineral with a related structure?","id":"convergent-species-evidence-q02","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"What additional observation would distinguish the remaining candidate minerals?","id":"convergent-species-evidence-q03","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"composition-and-hydration","name":"Composition and hydration","description":"Represent actual mineral chemistry separately from ideal formula conventions.","layers":[{"id":"cation-analysis","name":"Cation analysis","description":"Record analytical coverage and the calculation basis for formula components.","findings":[{"id":"measured-versus-calculated-composition","name":"Measured versus calculated composition","description":"Keep direct analyses distinct from inferred occupancies; a published milarite investigation estimated Be from charge balance rather than measuring it. [Janeczek, 1986](https://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/MinMag/Volume_50/50-356-271.pdf)","questions":[{"text":"Which of K, Ca, Be, Al, Si and minor constituents were directly measured, using what methods and detection limits?","id":"measured-versus-calculated-composition-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which normalization, charge-balance or site-occupancy assumptions produced the reported formula?","id":"measured-versus-calculated-composition-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"water-and-spatial-variation","name":"Water and spatial variation","description":"Resolve water evidence and compositional variation within the sampled mineral.","findings":[{"id":"specimen-hydration-evidence","name":"Specimen hydration evidence","description":"Treat the water coefficient as a supported specimen property or an explicitly identified reference convention.","questions":[{"text":"What measurement distinguishes structurally associated water from surface moisture or hydrous inclusions?","id":"specimen-hydration-evidence-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Was the reported water coefficient measured on this specimen or adopted from a reference formula?","id":"specimen-hydration-evidence-q02","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Do spatially resolved analyses reveal differences that a bulk formula would conceal?","id":"specimen-hydration-evidence-q03","kind":"measurement"}]}]}]},{"id":"crystal-and-optical-state","name":"Crystal and optical state","description":"Connect diffraction, optical observations and internal crystal variation.","layers":[{"id":"diffraction-and-reference-conditions","name":"Diffraction and reference conditions","description":"Compare structural measurements under documented experimental and treatment conditions.","findings":[{"id":"structural-reference-fit","name":"Structural reference fit","description":"Preserve the actual indexed pattern, cell parameters and uncertainty behind a structural assignment.","questions":[{"text":"What cell parameters and symmetry are supported by the measured diffraction data?","id":"structural-reference-fit-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Were the specimen and reference examined at comparable temperatures and hydration states?","id":"structural-reference-fit-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"sector-resolved-optics","name":"Sector-resolved optics","description":"Locate optical observations within the crystal rather than assigning every sector one response.","findings":[{"id":"optical-anomaly-interpretation","name":"Optical anomaly interpretation","description":"Record sector boundaries and optical anomalies while leaving their mechanism open when evidence is insufficient.","questions":[{"text":"What refractive indices, birefringence and optic axial angles were observed at the stated wavelength and orientation?","id":"optical-anomaly-interpretation-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Do anomalous optical regions coincide with chemical variation, growth sectors, cracks or inclusions?","id":"optical-anomaly-interpretation-q02","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"What evidence would distinguish strain-related behaviour from a separate mineral phase?","id":"optical-anomaly-interpretation-q03","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"occurrence-and-phase-context","name":"Occurrence and phase context","description":"Place the identified milarite within its specimen and geological setting.","layers":[{"id":"documented-occurrence","name":"Documented occurrence","description":"Connect specimen provenance with observed geological relationships.","findings":[{"id":"occurrence-evidence","name":"Occurrence evidence","description":"Separate documented field context from dealer attribution and later geological interpretation.","questions":[{"text":"What field, collection or publication record connects this specimen to its claimed locality and host material?","id":"occurrence-evidence-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which observed contacts or overgrowths constrain the crystallization sequence involving milarite?","id":"occurrence-evidence-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"phase-purity-and-inclusions","name":"Phase purity and inclusions","description":"Define the boundary between milarite and the other materials present.","findings":[{"id":"representative-analysis-volume","name":"Representative analysis volume","description":"Identify whether an observation represents milarite, an inclusion or a mixed analytical volume.","questions":[{"text":"Which inclusions, coatings and matrix phases intersect the analyzed area or volume?","id":"representative-analysis-volume-q01","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"What milarite phase fraction is supported, and is it expressed by mass or volume?","id":"representative-analysis-volume-q02","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Where can a representative milarite measurement be made with acceptable specimen loss?","id":"representative-analysis-volume-q03","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"preservation-and-preparation","name":"Preservation and preparation","description":"Evaluate interventions on a Be-bearing mineral whose condition and analytical history matter.","layers":[{"id":"condition-and-treatment-effects","name":"Condition and treatment effects","description":"Record damage and treatment before selecting preservation or analytical actions.","findings":[{"id":"intervention-compatibility","name":"Intervention compatibility","description":"Judge proposed treatments against the specimen's cracks, inclusions, mounts and research value.","questions":[{"text":"What fractures, surface alterations, adhesives or previous cleaning treatments are documented?","id":"intervention-compatibility-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"What milarite-specific evidence supports the proposed cleaning agent or heating conditions?","id":"intervention-compatibility-q02","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which observations must be recorded before treatment could alter hydration, optics or surface evidence?","id":"intervention-compatibility-q03","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"beryllium-bearing-preparation","name":"Beryllium-bearing preparation","description":"Connect preparation decisions to material form and applicable evidence without inventing a mineral-specific hazard classification.","findings":[{"id":"operation-specific-handling-basis","name":"Operation-specific handling basis","description":"Require a documented basis for preparation decisions, distinguishing intact specimens from generated particulate material.","questions":[{"text":"Will the proposed operation create airborne particles, liquid residues or chemically transformed Be-bearing material?","id":"operation-specific-handling-basis-q01","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which verified assessment covers this material form, process and jurisdiction?","id":"operation-specific-handling-basis-q02","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Can the identification objective be met with an intact-specimen method before cutting or pulverization is considered?","id":"operation-specific-handling-basis-q03","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"evidence-and-external-alignment","name":"Evidence and external alignment","description":"What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.","layers":[{"id":"reported-evidence","name":"Reported evidence","description":"Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.","findings":[{"id":"evidence-confidence-notes","name":"Check these first","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these check these first hold for the sense of milarite this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-confidence-notes-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-identifiers","name":"Identifiers and schemes","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of milarite this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-identifiers-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-real-world-use","name":"Real-world use","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of milarite this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-real-world-use-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-measurements","name":"Typical measurements","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of milarite this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-measurements-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards","name":"Failure modes and hazards","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of milarite this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-neighbours","name":"Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of milarite this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-neighbours-q01","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Identify a specimen as milarite from documented analysis and locality.","Describe it as a rare beryllium-bearing silicate mineral."],"mustNot":["Label a hexagonal crystal as milarite without analysis.","Recommend cutting, grinding or polishing it without dust control, since it contains beryllium.","Invent or alter a specimen's locality to raise its value.","Remove specimens from protected geological sites."],"requiresHuman":["Destructive testing or cutting of a specimen.","Collecting at a site that may be protected or privately owned."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Beryllium dust is harmful to lungs, so working the mineral puts workers at risk.","Rare specimens are scientific records and should not be damaged or misattributed."],"affectedParties":["Collectors and lapidaries","Researchers","Owners of collecting sites"]},"owners":{"steward":"The collector or museum that holds the specimen.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Museum mineral collection catalogues","Mineral species databases"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q3777751","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.milarite","Wikidata: Q415990 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415990)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Species identification confidence: label-only | provisional | analytically supported | disputed","Measured mineral composition: element or oxide mass %, and atoms per formula unit with normalization basis","Beryllium determination basis: directly measured | calculated by stoichiometry | assumed | unknown","Water content: mass % H2O or H2O per formula unit, with method and pretreatment","Crystal structure determination: indexed symmetry, space group, reference structure and refinement confidence","Unit-cell dimensions: angstroms for cell lengths; degrees for angles; temperature and uncertainty required","Optical response: refractive indices and birefringence, dimensionless; optic axial angle in degrees; wavelength and sector recorded","Milarite phase abundance: mass % or volume %, with method and detection limit","Geological association: linked locality, host rock, associated phases and observed contact relationships","Preparation and condition: intact | fractured | matrix-bound | powdered | mounted | treated; multiple values permitted"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Hexagonal prismatic crystals, colourless, pale green or yellow, with glassy lustre.","Often in alpine cleft or granitic pegmatite settings.","Identity is settled by chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["Compare diffraction and chemistry with authenticated milarite references and record unresolved alternatives.","Select analyses that distinguish measured Be and water from calculated formula components.","Map optical sectors and chemical variation within a crystal.","Separate milarite observations from inclusions, coatings and attached matrix.","Evaluate sampling, cleaning or heating against preservation objectives and available evidence.","Route cutting or pulverization through an assessment specific to the Be-bearing material and proposed operation."]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Beryllium-bearing dust released by cutting or grinding.","Misidentification with similar hexagonal minerals."]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Mineral nomenclature approved by the Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification, International Mineralogical Association."]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Milarite is encountered in mineral collections and geological investigations of pegmatites and mineralized cavities.","Its identification supports studies of mineral associations, crystal chemistry and the conditions under which rocks formed.","Specimens are also used for mineralogical teaching and reference collections."]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q415990: milarite","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415990","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Milarite","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milarite","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Which current authoritative species definition and compositional boundary rules should govern borderline milarite-group specimens?","How should differing published water coefficients be reconciled with measured occupancy, formula normalization and specimen treatment?","Which reference diffraction and spectroscopic datasets provide sufficiently documented specimens for reliable automated identification?","What evidence establishes the causes of optical anomalies in the particular specimen, rather than extrapolating from one locality?","Which experimentally supported treatment limits, chemical identifiers and handling classifications apply specifically to natural milarite in each relevant material form?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q415990/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q415990/spec.json"],"providers":["Codex"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T11:19:46Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:30+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}