{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.moschellandsbergite","code":"thing-q419086","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q419086/","name":"moschellandsbergite","alternateNames":[],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.1.0-research.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.MAT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"Moschellandsbergite is a naturally occurring silver-mercury intermetallic mineral with ideal chemical formula Ag2Hg3, classified among the native-element minerals.","purpose":"Enable an agent to recognise moschellandsbergite, assess the identity and condition of a specimen, and determine which analytical or handling actions its evidence supports.","scope":{"in":["Natural moschellandsbergite phase identification and confidence","Silver-mercury composition, compositional variation, and phase purity","Crystallographic and physical evidence tied to a specific grain or specimen","Occurrence, mineral associations, and collection provenance","Specimen alteration, analytical disturbance, and mercury-related handling constraints"],"out":["Native silver, native mercury, and other silver-mercury mineral species as independent identities","Dental amalgam formulations and clinical performance","Synthetic silver-mercury alloy manufacture and industrial grades","Whole-deposit geology, ore reserves, and mine economics","General mercury toxicology and jurisdiction-wide chemical regulation"],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Test for composition consistent with ideal Ag2Hg3 together with matching crystallographic evidence; detecting silver and mercury alone does not establish the species. Reference: [Handbook of Mineralogy](https://www.handbookofmineralogy.org/pdfs/moschellandsbergite.pdf).","Compare diffraction against a documented moschellandsbergite reference: the Handbook reports cubic symmetry and a cell edge near 10.04 Å; retain the reference and refinement assumptions rather than treating the cell dimension alone as conclusive. Reference: [Handbook of Mineralogy](https://www.handbookofmineralogy.org/pdfs/moschellandsbergite.pdf).","Use silver-white metallic appearance, brittle behaviour, Mohs hardness around 3.5, and measured density around 13.48 g/cm³ as supporting checks, rather than identification by appearance. Reference: [Handbook of Mineralogy](https://www.handbookofmineralogy.org/pdfs/moschellandsbergite.pdf).","Resolve individual phases in an apparent amalgam aggregate: a bulk Ag:Hg ratio compatible with Ag2Hg3 can conceal several phases.","Establish natural occurrence separately from phase chemistry before assigning the mineral identity to material from a manufactured amalgam."],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"mineral-identity","name":"Mineral identity","description":"Define what evidence justifies calling material moschellandsbergite.","layers":[{"id":"species-boundary","name":"Species boundary","description":"Connect the registry identity to a mineral definition and distinguish synthetic analogues.","findings":[{"id":"natural-mineral-assignment","name":"Natural mineral assignment","description":"Record the evidence for the species name and for natural origin separately.","questions":[{"text":"Which authoritative mineral definition supports assigning this material to moschellandsbergite?","id":"natural-mineral-assignment-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"What establishes natural origin rather than a synthetic Ag-Hg phase or manufactured amalgam?","id":"natural-mineral-assignment-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"competing-identifications","name":"Competing identifications","description":"Make the alternatives to moschellandsbergite explicit.","findings":[{"id":"amalgam-differential","name":"Amalgam differential","description":"Evaluate mercurian silver, other Ag-Hg phases, and mixed aggregates against the same observations.","questions":[{"text":"Which alternative Ag-Hg identities remain compatible with the measured chemistry and diffraction?","id":"amalgam-differential-q01","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Which additional observation would most decisively distinguish moschellandsbergite from those alternatives?","id":"amalgam-differential-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]}]},{"id":"composition-and-phase-purity","name":"Composition and phase purity","description":"Distinguish the chemistry of a moschellandsbergite grain from the composition of its surrounding specimen.","layers":[{"id":"grain-stoichiometry","name":"Grain stoichiometry","description":"Evaluate Ag:Hg proportions with uncertainties and analytical conditions.","findings":[{"id":"formula-compatibility","name":"Formula compatibility","description":"Test agreement with Ag2Hg3 without inventing an allowable compositional range.","questions":[{"text":"What Ag:Hg atomic ratio, analytical total, and uncertainty were measured on the identified grain?","id":"formula-compatibility-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Does any deviation from Ag2Hg3 reflect documented phase variation, mixed sampling, or an analytical artefact?","id":"formula-compatibility-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"intergrowths-and-impurities","name":"Intergrowths and impurities","description":"Locate other phases and distinguish their contributions from the target phase.","findings":[{"id":"phase-resolved-purity","name":"Phase-resolved purity","description":"Represent phase fraction and minor-element evidence at the spatial resolution actually measured.","questions":[{"text":"What fraction of the analysed material is moschellandsbergite, and which method resolved the other phases?","id":"phase-resolved-purity-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Are minor elements located within the target grain, in inclusions, or in adjacent material sampled by the instrument?","id":"phase-resolved-purity-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"crystalline-and-physical-identification","name":"Crystalline and physical identification","description":"Combine structural evidence with appropriately qualified physical observations.","layers":[{"id":"diffraction-evidence","name":"Diffraction evidence","description":"Preserve the measured pattern, reference origin, and structural interpretation.","findings":[{"id":"reference-pattern-fit","name":"Reference pattern fit","description":"Assess the full diffraction match rather than relying on a single reflection or cell parameter.","questions":[{"text":"Which measured reflections and cell parameters support moschellandsbergite, and which peaks remain unexplained?","id":"reference-pattern-fit-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Was the comparison structure measured from natural or synthetic material, and what symmetry assumptions does it use?","id":"reference-pattern-fit-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"physical-corroboration","name":"Physical corroboration","description":"Interpret density, hardness, morphology, and optical appearance in specimen context.","findings":[{"id":"diagnostic-property-consistency","name":"Diagnostic property consistency","description":"Separate supporting physical evidence from observations distorted by matrix or preparation.","questions":[{"text":"Do the observed density, hardness, metallic appearance, and fracture support the proposed identity under the recorded test conditions?","id":"diagnostic-property-consistency-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Would obtaining another physical measurement justify damage to this grain, or can existing structural evidence settle the identification?","id":"diagnostic-property-consistency-q02","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"occurrence-and-specimen-history","name":"Occurrence and specimen history","description":"Relate the mineral phase to its geological setting and the history of the actual specimen.","layers":[{"id":"geological-relationships","name":"Geological relationships","description":"Record host material, neighbouring minerals, and textural evidence for formation.","findings":[{"id":"association-and-formation-evidence","name":"Association and formation evidence","description":"Keep observed mineral relationships separate from inferred formation conditions.","questions":[{"text":"Which minerals directly contact or enclose the moschellandsbergite, and how were those phases identified?","id":"association-and-formation-evidence-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"What specimen-specific evidence supports the proposed formation sequence or temperature regime?","id":"association-and-formation-evidence-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"collection-and-treatment-record","name":"Collection and treatment record","description":"Connect locality assertions, custody, and preparation to the measured object.","findings":[{"id":"traceable-specimen","name":"Traceable specimen","description":"Track the specimen and its subsamples without treating dealer labels as analytical results.","questions":[{"text":"Which collection records substantiate the locality and connect the analysed grain to the labelled specimen?","id":"traceable-specimen-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"What cleaning, polishing, heating, coating, or other treatment occurred before the reported measurements?","id":"traceable-specimen-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"stability-and-permitted-actions","name":"Stability and permitted actions","description":"Determine how condition and mercury-related evidence constrain storage, analysis, and intervention.","layers":[{"id":"phase-preservation","name":"Phase preservation","description":"Evaluate whether environment or analytical preparation changes the material being identified.","findings":[{"id":"treatment-induced-change","name":"Treatment-induced change","description":"Require evidence before interpreting treated material as representative of the original mineral.","questions":[{"text":"Do measurements before and after treatment show changes in Hg content, diffraction, or surface phases?","id":"treatment-induced-change-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"What evidence supports the proposed temperature, vacuum, beam exposure, or chemical preparation conditions for this specimen?","id":"treatment-induced-change-q02","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"mercury-related-action-controls","name":"Mercury-related action controls","description":"Connect the actual material form and proposed operation to documented handling requirements.","findings":[{"id":"specimen-specific-handling-basis","name":"Specimen-specific handling basis","description":"Record applicable identity and hazard evidence without automatically borrowing classifications from elemental mercury or dental amalgam.","questions":[{"text":"Which hazard assessment and chemical identifiers, if any, explicitly apply to this mineral specimen or preparation?","id":"specimen-specific-handling-basis-q01","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"What documented controls and disposition route apply before grinding, heating, chemical treatment, transfer, or disposal?","id":"specimen-specific-handling-basis-q02","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"evidence-and-external-alignment","name":"Evidence and external alignment","description":"What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.","layers":[{"id":"reported-evidence","name":"Reported evidence","description":"Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.","findings":[{"id":"evidence-confidence-notes","name":"Check these first","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these check these first hold for the sense of moschellandsbergite this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-confidence-notes-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-identifiers","name":"Identifiers and schemes","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of moschellandsbergite this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-identifiers-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-real-world-use","name":"Real-world use","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of moschellandsbergite this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-real-world-use-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards","name":"Failure modes and hazards","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of moschellandsbergite this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-neighbours","name":"Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of moschellandsbergite this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-neighbours-q01","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Identify a specimen as moschellandsbergite from documented analysis and locality.","Describe the mineral's composition and that it contains mercury."],"mustNot":["Label a silver or mercury specimen as moschellandsbergite without analysis.","Recommend heating, grinding or acid treatment of the specimen outside a controlled laboratory.","Present a specimen with an invented or false locality.","Store it where children or food come into contact with it."],"requiresHuman":["Destructive analysis of a rare specimen.","Selling or exchanging a specimen whose identity is disputed."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Mercury minerals can release toxic vapour if heated, harming handlers.","Rare type material matters to science and should not be lost to misidentification."],"affectedParties":["Collectors and curators","Researchers","People living with the collection"]},"owners":{"steward":"The collector or museum that holds the specimen.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Museum mineral collection catalogues","Mineral species databases"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q13319504","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.moschellandsbergite","Wikidata: Q419086 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419086)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Identification status: unexamined; suspected; analytically supported; conflicting; rejected","Grain-scale silver and mercury composition: Ag and Hg mass %, atomic ratio, analytical total, uncertainty, and detection limits","Crystallographic match: d-spacings and cell parameters in Å; relative intensities; indexed symmetry; fit residuals","Moschellandsbergite phase fraction: mass % or volume %, with method and quantification limit","Diagnostic physical observations: density in g/cm³; Mohs or Vickers hardness with method; recorded colour, lustre, and fracture","Origin classification: documented natural occurrence; reported natural occurrence; synthetic analogue; uncertain","Associated phases and spatial relationships: identified phase; adjacent, included, coating, intergrown, or unresolved","Specimen condition: intact; fractured; powdered; surface-modified; analytically altered; unknown","Thermal and preparation history: temperature in °C, duration, atmosphere, pressure, and preparation method where known","Action-specific handling assessment: unassessed; documented for storage; documented for analysis; restricted pending review"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Silver-white metallic crystals, often small cubic or dodecahedral forms.","Bright metallic lustre that can tarnish.","Identity is settled by chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction, not by sight."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["Compare paired grain-scale chemistry and diffraction with cited mineral references and assign an identification confidence.","Separate moschellandsbergite grains from associated phases in annotated images and analytical records.","Choose an identification workflow that accounts for specimen size, preservation value, and potential analytical alteration.","Track whether preparation, storage, or analysis changes the specimen's composition, surface, or phase evidence.","Link a specimen to its locality, collection record, reference data, and any retained analytical subsamples.","Gate heating, grinding, chemical treatment, transfer, or disposal on an assessment specific to the specimen and action."]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Mercury vapour released if the specimen is heated.","Confusion with native silver or amalgam."]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Mineral nomenclature approved by the Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification, International Mineralogical Association."]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Moschellandsbergite is encountered in mineral collections and investigations of silver-bearing and mercury-bearing ore deposits.","Mineralogists study it to identify natural amalgam phases and interpret mineral associations.","Its identification supports specimen documentation and assessment of mercury-related handling requirements."]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q419086: moschellandsbergite","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419086","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Moschellandsbergite","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moschellandsbergite","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["What compositional range and structural criteria do current authoritative studies accept for moschellandsbergite relative to neighbouring Ag-Hg phases?","How should differing space-group assignments in natural and synthetic reference datasets be reconciled for specimen identification?","What experimentally established thermal stability, transformation, and mercury-release data apply to natural moschellandsbergite under relevant storage and analytical conditions?","Do CAS, PubChem, or EC records identify this mineral phase specifically, and what evidence establishes any applicable GHS classification or exposure limit?","Which reference specimens and minimally destructive analytical protocols provide the strongest validation for small, intergrown, or previously treated grains?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q419086/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q419086/spec.json"],"providers":["Codex"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T11:24:37Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:30+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}