{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.telescope","code":"thing-q4213","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q4213/","name":"telescope","alternateNames":["Porter Garden Telescope","space telescope","Orbiting Astronomical Observatory","Far Ultraviolet Space Telescope","liquid mirror space telescope","Arkyd-100","X-Ray Timing and Polarimetry Mission","Orbiting Solar Observatory","astrometry satellite","X-ray astronomy satellite","High Energy Transient Explorer","balloon-borne telescope"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.2","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.OBJ"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"An optical or other instrument that aids observation of distant objects by collecting or detecting electromagnetic radiation, using focusing where applicable, including refracting and reflecting optical telescopes from amateur instruments to large observatory telescopes, radio, infrared, ultraviolet, X-ray and gamma-ray telescopes, and space telescopes placed above the atmosphere; telescopes are the primary instruments of astronomy and are also used in surveying, navigation and observation.","purpose":"Let an agent explain telescopes and their types and principles, support choosing and using telescopes for amateur astronomy, describe major observatory and space telescopes with sources, and support learning.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Aperture and resolution","Refracting or reflecting","Wavelength range","Ground or space"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What telescopes are.","layers":[{"id":"principles","name":"Principles","description":"Principles.","findings":[{"id":"principles-finding","name":"Principles","description":"Principles.","questions":[{"text":"How do telescopes collect and focus light, and why do aperture and resolution matter more than magnification?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits optical resolution?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"types","name":"Types","description":"Types.","findings":[{"id":"types-finding","name":"Types","description":"Types.","questions":[{"text":"How do refractors, reflectors, catadioptric, radio and space telescopes differ?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific type?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"use","name":"Use","description":"Amateur astronomy.","layers":[{"id":"choose","name":"Choose","description":"Choosing a telescope.","findings":[{"id":"choose-finding","name":"Choose","description":"Choosing.","questions":[{"text":"Which telescope suits this observer, budget and interest, and what mount and accessories matter?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which entry fits amateur astronomy?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"safety","name":"Safety","description":"Safe observing.","findings":[{"id":"safety-finding","name":"Safety","description":"Safety.","questions":[{"text":"How can the sun be observed safely, and what other safety applies?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is an eye injury present now, requiring medical care?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"science","name":"Science","description":"Observatories and discoveries.","layers":[{"id":"major","name":"Major","description":"Major telescopes.","findings":[{"id":"major-finding","name":"Major","description":"Major.","questions":[{"text":"Which observatory and space telescopes are major instruments, and what have they discovered?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific telescope?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"future","name":"Future","description":"Future telescopes.","findings":[{"id":"future-finding","name":"Future","description":"Future.","questions":[{"text":"What telescopes are under construction or planned, and what will they study?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the information current?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"learn","name":"Learn","description":"History and teaching.","layers":[{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How did the telescope develop from Lippershey and Galileo to modern observatories?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"teach","name":"Teach","description":"Teaching.","findings":[{"id":"teach-finding","name":"Teach","description":"Teaching.","questions":[{"text":"How can telescopes be taught with hands-on observing?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which misconceptions arise?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Point and operate a telescope it is authorized to control, within its observing schedule.","Record and report observations with time, instrument and conditions.","Warn users never to look at the Sun through an unfiltered optical telescope."],"mustNot":["Aim an optical telescope at the Sun without a proper solar filter while anyone may look through it.","Use a telescope to look into homes or watch people without consent.","Point a shared or observatory instrument at targets outside its approved schedule.","Report artefacts, satellites or noise as discoveries without verification."],"requiresHuman":["Claiming a discovery such as a new object or event.","Changing an observatory's schedule or priorities."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Telescopes can be turned on people as instruments of surveillance.","Large observatories sit on land, sometimes sacred, whose communities deserve a say."],"affectedParties":["Users at the eyepiece","People observed without consent","Communities near observatory sites"]},"owners":{"steward":"The person or observatory that owns it; national facilities answer to their funding bodies.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q1751850","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q751997","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"optical instrument","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"astronomical instrument","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"resolution","type":"related","note":"resolving power of telescopes"},{"target":"aurora","type":"related","note":"phenomena observed in the sky"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.telescope","Wikidata: Q4213 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4213)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Collecting aperture:  metres - The clear collecting diameter is measured for an individual optical instrument or dish, while arrays require a description of their collecting elements.","Operating wavelength:  metres - The usable wavelength band is determined from the measured response of the collecting system and detector.","Angular resolution:  radians - Resolution is characterized using point sources or calibrated targets under stated observing conditions.","Field of view:  degrees - The angular extent recorded or viewed is measured for a specified detector or eyepiece configuration.","Instrument mass:  kilograms - Mass is measured for a stated assembly with explicit inclusion or exclusion of the mount and accessories."]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Telescopes collect or detect radiation from distant objects, with focusing used in some designs.","Types include optical and radio telescopes, and some telescopes operate in space.","Binoculars are paired small telescopes; a microscope magnifies nearby objects.","Tubes or dishes on mounts, from handheld to building-sized."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain types and principles","support choice and use","describe major telescopes","support learning"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Eye damage from solar observation without filters","Confusing magnification with aperture and resolution","Light pollution limiting observation"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Optical standards for telescope specifications","Radio frequency protection for observatories","Dark sky and light pollution regulations"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Instruments for observing distant objects.","refracting telescopes","reflecting telescopes","radio telescopes","space telescopes","telescopes for other wavelengths such as X-ray and gamma-ray"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q4213: telescope","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4213","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Telescope","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telescope","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should each telescope type be a separate entry?","How should observatory catalogues be linked?","How should amateur astronomy resources be linked?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q4213/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q4213/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T04:01:57Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T12:16:32+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}