{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.cacao","code":"thing-q42385","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q42385/","name":"cacao","alternateNames":["Trinitario"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.5","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.LIV"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"Theobroma cacao, a small evergreen tree of the mallow family native to the Amazon basin and grown in the humid tropics, whose seeds (cocoa beans) are fermented and dried to make cocoa and chocolate.","purpose":"Let an agent describe the cacao tree, its varieties, cultivation, diseases and trade, and point to sustainability and due-diligence rules.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Flowers and pods grow directly from the trunk and old branches.","Grown mainly within about 20 degrees of the equator.","Not related to coca, the source of cocaine."],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"plant","name":"Plant","description":"The tree itself.","layers":[{"id":"botany","name":"Botany","description":"Form, flowers and pods.","findings":[{"id":"morphology","name":"Morphology","description":"Tree, flowers and pods; flowers are mainly pollinated by tiny midges.","questions":[{"text":"What are the tree's size and form?","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"How are flowers pollinated?","kind":"definition"}]}]},{"id":"varieties","name":"Varieties","description":"Genetic groups and cultivars.","findings":[{"id":"variety","name":"Variety","description":"Group and origin.","questions":[{"text":"Which variety or genetic group is this?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"What traits does it have?","kind":"definition"}]}]}]},{"id":"cultivation","name":"Cultivation","description":"Growing cacao.","layers":[{"id":"growing-conditions","name":"Growing conditions","description":"Climate, shade, soil.","findings":[{"id":"conditions","name":"Conditions","description":"Rainfall, temperature, shade.","questions":[{"text":"Which conditions does the tree need?","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Is it grown in agroforestry?","kind":"definition"}]}]},{"id":"pests-and-diseases","name":"Pests and diseases","description":"Main threats.","findings":[{"id":"disease","name":"Disease","description":"Disease and management.","questions":[{"text":"Which disease affects the trees?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Who advises on control?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"processing","name":"Processing","description":"From pod to bean.","layers":[{"id":"fermentation-and-drying","name":"Fermentation and drying","description":"On-farm processing.","findings":[{"id":"post-harvest","name":"Post-harvest","description":"Fermentation and drying.","questions":[{"text":"How were the beans fermented and dried?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How long did each step take?","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"quality","name":"Quality","description":"Grading and defects.","findings":[{"id":"grade","name":"Grade","description":"Bean quality and defects.","questions":[{"text":"What grade are the beans?","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which standard was used?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"trade-and-sustainability","name":"Trade and sustainability","description":"Supply chains.","layers":[{"id":"origin-and-trade","name":"Origin and trade","description":"Producing countries and trade.","findings":[{"id":"origin","name":"Origin","description":"Country, region and farm.","questions":[{"text":"Where were the beans grown?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Can the plot be traced?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"due-diligence","name":"Due diligence","description":"Deforestation and labour rules.","findings":[{"id":"compliance","name":"Compliance","description":"Rules and evidence.","questions":[{"text":"Which due-diligence rules apply?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"What evidence supports compliance?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["describe the plant, cultivation and trade","point to due-diligence and sustainability rules"],"mustNot":["give trading or investment advice","certify a supply chain as free of child labour or deforestation","give pesticide doses"],"requiresHuman":["due-diligence conclusions for compliance"]},"ethics":{"considerations":["farmer incomes","child labour","forest protection"],"affectedParties":["smallholder farmers and children","forest ecosystems"]},"owners":{"steward":"the farmer or plantation that grows it; as a species, nobody","roles":[],"masterSystems":["national cocoa boards","plant genetic resource collections"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q11992872","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q188840","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q904653","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"cocoa bean","type":"related","note":"the seed"},{"target":"tree","type":"related","note":"Malvaceae"},{"target":"coca","type":"related","note":"unrelated plant"},{"target":"EU Deforestation Regulation","type":"related","note":"cocoa is a covered commodity"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.cacao","Wikidata: Q42385 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42385)","scientific name: Theobroma cacao L."]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["tree height: 4-8 m - cultivated; wild trees grow taller","pod length: 15-30 cm","beans per pod: 20-50 beans"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Pods growing directly from the trunk (cauliflory)","Ribbed, rugby-ball-shaped pods","Beans in white pulp inside the pod","An understorey tree with large glossy leaves and small flowers growing directly on the trunk and branches, bearing ribbed pods that ripen yellow, orange, red or purple."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["describe the tree, pods and beans","name varieties and growing regions","explain processing from pod to bean","point to rules on deforestation and child labour in supply chains"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Diseases such as black pod, witches' broom and cacao swollen shoot virus","Deforestation for new plantations","Child labour in supply chains","Price volatility affecting farmers"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["EU Deforestation Regulation (EU) 2023/1115, covering cocoa; applies from 30 December 2026 for large and medium operators and 30 June 2027 for most micro and small operators","ISO 34101 sustainable and traceable cocoa (ISO)","ILO Conventions 138 and 182 on child labour"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Producing cocoa beans for cocoa powder, cocoa butter and chocolate.","Criollo (traditional group)","Forastero, including Amelonado (traditional group)","Trinitario (traditional hybrid group)","Nacional","ten molecular genetic groups"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Q42385","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42385","note":"identity of the registry item, labels and sitelinks"},{"title":"Theobroma cacao","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theobroma_cacao","note":"general description of the subject"},{"title":"Theobroma cacao L.","url":"https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:320783-2","note":"taxonomy and distribution"},{"title":"Cocoa (Chocolate Bean) Growing in the Florida Home Landscape","url":"https://ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/HS307","note":"botany and cultivation"},{"title":"Geographic and genetic population differentiation of the Amazonian chocolate tree","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18827930/","note":"ten genetic groups"},{"title":"Commission updates product scope and digital tools to support implementation of EU Deforestation Regulation","url":"https://environment.ec.europa.eu/news/commission-updates-product-scope-and-tools-support-eudr-2026-07-13_en","note":"EUDR timing"}],"openQuestions":["The living species and the harvested cocoa bean should be distinct linked entries."],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q42385/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q42385/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-10-21T19:29:59Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-21T19:36:45+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 5 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}