{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.sultan","code":"thing-q43292","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q43292/","name":"sultan","alternateNames":["emir of Aleppo","Sultan of Banjar","Sultan of Kedah","Sultan of Agadez","sultan of Morocco","Sultan of Sennar","Sultan of Ternate","Sultan of Riau-Lingga","Sultan of Perak","Sultan of Mohéli","Sultan of Aceh","Sultan of Banten"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.2","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Society, people and institutions","entryKind":"thing","plane":"SOC","domain":["SOC.PER"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A title for a sovereign or ruler in many Muslim societies, historically borne by rulers such as the Ottoman sultans and today by the monarchs of Oman and Brunei and by traditional rulers within states such as the Malaysian state sultans and sultans of parts of Indonesia, the Philippines and Africa; the title powers range from head of state to ceremonial and customary leadership.","purpose":"Let an agent explain the title of sultan by country and period, find current holders from official sources, describe historical sultanates with attribution, and handle contested or customary titles neutrally.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Ruling title","Islamic historical context","Sovereign or customary","Varied powers"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"title","name":"Title","description":"What the title means.","layers":[{"id":"meaning","name":"Meaning","description":"Meaning by context.","findings":[{"id":"meaning-finding","name":"Meaning","description":"Meaning.","questions":[{"text":"What does sultan mean in this country or period, and what powers does the holder have?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How does it differ from emir, king or caliph?","kind":"definition"}]}]},{"id":"succession","name":"Succession","description":"Succession rules.","findings":[{"id":"succession-finding","name":"Succession","description":"Succession.","questions":[{"text":"How is the sultan chosen or succeeded in this sultanate?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the succession or claim contested, and by whom?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"holders","name":"Holders","description":"Current sultans.","layers":[{"id":"who","name":"Who","description":"Who holds the title.","findings":[{"id":"who-finding","name":"Who","description":"Who holds it.","questions":[{"text":"Who is the current sultan, according to official sources, and since when?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"What is the constitutional or customary role?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"address","name":"Address","description":"Forms of address.","findings":[{"id":"address-finding","name":"Address","description":"Forms of address.","questions":[{"text":"How is a sultan addressed formally?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which protocol applies to visitors?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"Historical sultanates.","layers":[{"id":"sultanates","name":"Sultanates","description":"Historical polities.","findings":[{"id":"sultanates-finding","name":"Sultanates","description":"Historical sultanates.","questions":[{"text":"How do historians describe this historical sultanate, its rule and its end?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Are perspectives of ruled peoples included?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"heritage","name":"Heritage","description":"Palaces and sites.","findings":[{"id":"heritage-finding","name":"Heritage","description":"Heritage.","questions":[{"text":"Which palaces, museums and sites relate to this sultanate, and can they be visited?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which etiquette applies?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"neutral","name":"Neutral","description":"Careful description.","layers":[{"id":"customary","name":"Customary","description":"Customary rulers.","findings":[{"id":"customary-finding","name":"Customary","description":"Customary rulers.","questions":[{"text":"How do customary sultans function within modern states, as described by their communities and governments?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Are their roles described neutrally?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"record","name":"Record","description":"Actions and criticism.","findings":[{"id":"record-finding","name":"Record","description":"Record.","questions":[{"text":"How are a ruler actions and any criticisms described, with attribution?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the description balanced?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe the title of sultan and the states and dynasties that use or used it.","Use correct forms of address for a reigning sultan in formal writing."],"mustNot":["Fabricate statements or decrees attributed to a sultan.","Treat the title as a stereotype of Muslim societies.","Confuse historical sultanates with present-day monarchies.","Address or impersonate a reigning monarch in messages without authority."],"requiresHuman":["Corresponding with a royal court on someone's behalf."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["The title carries religious and national significance for many people.","In some states criticism of the ruler is restricted by law, so careless content can endanger users."],"affectedParties":["Reigning rulers and their families","Citizens of sultanates","Muslim communities"]},"owners":{"steward":"The state or traditional institution under whose constitution or custom the title is held.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q2304859","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"sovereign","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"emperor","type":"related","note":"other monarchical title"},{"target":"aristocrat","type":"related","note":"nobility"},{"target":"Muslims","type":"related","note":"historical context"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.sultan","Wikidata: Q43292 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43292)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Sovereign or traditional ruler title","Head of state or customary role","An emir or caliph carries a different title","Not physical; a title held by rulers."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain what sultan means in a given context","find current sultans and their roles","describe historical sultanates","handle customary and contested titles neutrally"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Outdated holders","Presenting contested claims as recognised","Confusing titles across contexts"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["National constitutions defining the role","Customary and adat law for traditional sultans","Succession rules by sultanate"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Understanding a ruling title and its holders.","sovereign sultans such as those of Oman and Brunei","state sultans within federations such as Malaysia","customary sultans in Indonesia, the Philippines and Africa","historical sultanates such as the Ottoman and Delhi sultanates","claimants to abolished sultanates"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q43292: sultan","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43292","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Sultan","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should each sultanate be a separate entry?","How should official sources be linked?","How should customary titles be attributed?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q43292/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q43292/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-11T20:18:39Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:52:00+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane SOC: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}