{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.natural-selection","code":"thing-q43478","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q43478/","name":"natural selection","alternateNames":["mate choice","Mate choice in humans","cryptic female choice","struggle for existence","sexual selection","Intragenomic conflict","Directional selection","Mate Compatibility","Sexual selection in lizards","Sexual selection in mammals","Sexual selection in birds","Sexual selection in frogs"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Activities and processes","entryKind":"thing","plane":"ACT","domain":["ACT.PRC"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"The process by which heritable traits that improve survival and reproduction become more common in a population over generations, a central mechanism of evolution described by Darwin and Wallace; sexual selection is a related form.","purpose":"Let an agent explain natural selection accurately, with examples, evidence and common misconceptions, and separate it from social misuse of the idea.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Acts on heritable variation","Non-random with respect to fitness","Produces adaptation","Works alongside drift, mutation and gene flow"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"mechanism","name":"Mechanism","description":"How it works.","layers":[{"id":"conditions","name":"Conditions","description":"Variation and inheritance.","findings":[{"id":"conditions-finding","name":"Conditions","description":"Conditions.","questions":[{"text":"Do the conditions for selection hold here?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Which trait and environment are involved?","kind":"definition"}]}]},{"id":"forms","name":"Forms","description":"Directional and others.","findings":[{"id":"forms-finding","name":"Forms","description":"Forms of selection.","questions":[{"text":"Which form of selection is acting?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"How is it measured?","kind":"measurement"}]}]}]},{"id":"evidence","name":"Evidence","description":"Examples.","layers":[{"id":"examples","name":"Examples","description":"Case studies.","findings":[{"id":"examples-finding","name":"Examples","description":"Examples.","questions":[{"text":"Which well-documented examples illustrate it?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which studies support them?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"resistance","name":"Resistance","description":"Antibiotics and pesticides.","findings":[{"id":"resistance-finding","name":"Resistance","description":"Resistance evolution.","questions":[{"text":"How does selection explain antibiotic resistance?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"What do health authorities recommend to slow it?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"misconceptions","name":"Misconceptions","description":"Errors.","layers":[{"id":"teleology","name":"Teleology","description":"Purpose.","findings":[{"id":"teleology-finding","name":"Teleology","description":"Teleology.","questions":[{"text":"Is the explanation wrongly saying organisms evolve in order to adapt?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"How can it be corrected?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"social","name":"Social misuse","description":"Social Darwinism.","findings":[{"id":"social-finding","name":"Social misuse","description":"Social misuse.","questions":[{"text":"Is the idea being misused to justify discrimination?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"How do scientists and historians address this?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"teaching","name":"Teaching","description":"Learning.","layers":[{"id":"explain","name":"Explain","description":"Simple terms.","findings":[{"id":"explain-finding","name":"Explain","description":"Explanation.","questions":[{"text":"How can natural selection be explained simply and accurately?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which activities help?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"Darwin and Wallace.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How did Darwin and Wallace develop the idea?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How has the theory developed since?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Explain natural selection and the evidence for it, citing peer-reviewed sources.","Correct teleological phrasing that implies traits appear in order to serve a purpose."],"mustNot":["Use natural selection to justify any claim about the worth of people or groups.","Present selection as progress toward a goal or as a moral principle.","Repeat the misuse of fitness language to argue for inequality or eugenics.","Claim a trait is adaptive without evidence that selection acted on it."],"requiresHuman":["Publishing anything that applies selection reasoning to human populations or policy."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Selection language has been used to justify eugenics, racism and the neglect of the poor.","Misunderstood as purposeful, it distorts public understanding of biology and medicine."],"affectedParties":["Groups historically targeted by eugenics","Students and the public","Disabled people"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody: a scientific explanation held in common.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q1094654","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"biological selection","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"evolution and adaptation","type":"related","note":"result"},{"target":"genetic drift","type":"related","note":"mechanism"},{"target":"artificial selection","type":"related","note":"human-directed"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.natural-selection","Wikidata: Q43478 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43478)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Variation, inheritance and differential reproduction","Examples such as antibiotic resistance","Artificial selection is directed by humans","Not directly visible; seen in changes in populations over time."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain the conditions for natural selection","give well-documented examples","correct common misconceptions","distinguish selection from drift"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Survival of the fittest misread as moral justification","Teleological explanations","Misuse in social Darwinism"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Explaining adaptation and evolutionary change.","directional selection","stabilising selection","disruptive selection","sexual selection","kin selection"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q43478: natural selection","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43478","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Natural selection","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_selection","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should forms of selection be separate entries?","How should classic examples be sourced?","How should misuse be flagged?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q43478/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q43478/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-11T10:00:33Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"not-applicable","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:31+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane ACT: no invented physical properties.","interaction.interfaces":"Natural selection is a biological process with no directly applicable technical standard, law or official classification governing the process itself."},"score":1.0}}