{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.federation","code":"thing-q43702","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q43702/","name":"federation","alternateNames":["dynastic union","polysynodal monarchy","identity federation","world federation","ethnic federalism","federal monarchy","United States","federal republic","limited world federation","federal parliamentary monarchy","composite monarchy","federal parliamentary republic"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.2","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Society, people and institutions","entryKind":"thing","plane":"SOC","domain":["SOC.ORG"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A political union in which constituent units such as states, provinces or cantons share sovereignty with a central government under a constitution that allocates powers between levels, as in the United States, Germany, India, Brazil, Switzerland and Australia, with variants such as federal monarchies, ethnic federalism and asymmetric federations; a dynastic union does not by itself establish a federation because sharing a monarch does not establish a federal constitutional allocation of powers; the term also names non-state federations of organisations and identity federations in computing, separate senses.","purpose":"Let an agent explain federations and federalism, compare federal systems with attribution, identify federal countries and their structures, and separate organisational and technical senses.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Divided sovereignty","Constitutional allocation","Regional representation","Variants"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What a federation is.","layers":[{"id":"concept","name":"Concept","description":"Concept and contrasts.","findings":[{"id":"concept-finding","name":"Concept","description":"Concept.","questions":[{"text":"What defines a federation, and how does it differ from a confederation, a unitary state with devolution and a dynastic union?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is a political federation, an organisational federation or an identity federation meant?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"variants","name":"Variants","description":"Variants.","findings":[{"id":"variants-finding","name":"Variants","description":"Variants.","questions":[{"text":"What are federal monarchies, ethnic federalism, asymmetric federations and proposals for world federation?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific variant?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"compare","name":"Compare","description":"Federal systems.","layers":[{"id":"countries","name":"Countries","description":"Federal countries.","findings":[{"id":"countries-finding","name":"Countries","description":"Countries.","questions":[{"text":"Which countries are federations, and how do they allocate powers, according to their constitutions and scholars?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific country?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"fiscal","name":"Fiscal","description":"Fiscal federalism.","findings":[{"id":"fiscal-finding","name":"Fiscal","description":"Fiscal.","questions":[{"text":"How are revenues and responsibilities shared between levels in federations?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits fiscal federalism?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"debate","name":"Debate","description":"Debates.","layers":[{"id":"autonomy","name":"Autonomy","description":"Autonomy and secession.","findings":[{"id":"autonomy-finding","name":"Autonomy","description":"Autonomy.","questions":[{"text":"What disputes exist over regional autonomy and secession in federations, with positions attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation neutral?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"performance","name":"Performance","description":"Performance of federations.","findings":[{"id":"performance-finding","name":"Performance","description":"Performance.","questions":[{"text":"What does research say about the advantages and problems of federal systems?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which findings are contested?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"learn","name":"Learn","description":"History and teaching.","layers":[{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History of federalism.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How did federations develop from early leagues and unions to modern constitutions?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"teach","name":"Teach","description":"Teaching.","findings":[{"id":"teach-finding","name":"Teach","description":"Teaching.","questions":[{"text":"How can federalism be taught with comparative cases?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which misconceptions arise?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Explain how a federation divides powers between central and constituent governments.","Distinguish a federation from a confederation and a unitary state.","Describe a named federation's constitution and units from official sources."],"mustNot":["Present one side of an autonomy or secession dispute as settled.","Confuse federal and state law when describing what applies to a person.","Name a sports or trade federation when the political sense is meant, or the reverse."],"requiresHuman":["Advising on which level of government has jurisdiction in a person's legal matter."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Federal arrangements protect regional and minority self-government.","Disputes over powers can turn into conflict, so balanced description matters."],"affectedParties":["Citizens of constituent units","Regional minorities","Governments at each level"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody owns it; each federation's constitution defines it and its courts interpret it.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q1140229","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q22676603","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"federal system","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"political union","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"U.S. state","type":"related","note":"constituent units"},{"target":"administrative territorial entity of Brazil","type":"related","note":"a federal structure"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.federation","Wikidata: Q43702 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43702)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Constituent units with constitutionally protected powers","Central and regional governments","A confederation keeps sovereignty in members; a unitary state centralises","Not physical; a constitutional arrangement."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain federalism","compare federal systems","identify federal countries","separate other senses"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Confusing federation and confederation","Partisan presentation of autonomy disputes","Confusing senses"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Federal constitutions","Intergovernmental agreements","Fiscal federalism arrangements"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Political unions sharing sovereignty.","federal republics","federal monarchies","ethnic and multinational federations","asymmetric federations","federations of organisations and identity federations"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q43702: federation","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43702","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Federation","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federation","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should each federal country be a separate entry?","How should constitutions be linked?","How should disputes be attributed?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q43702/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q43702/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T00:49:34Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:31+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane SOC: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}