{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.forest","code":"thing-q4421","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q4421/","name":"forest","alternateNames":["manigua","somayama","wood pasture","evergreen forest","tropical forest","border forest","kronopark","young stand","Kuhschellenrasen Wirt am Berg","Hangwälder im Tal der Großen Mühl","Staninger Leiten","Hobelsberg Riesn"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.PLC"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A large area dominated by trees, forming an ecosystem with its soils, plants, animals and fungi, and also a resource managed for timber, recreation and protection.","purpose":"Let an agent handle forests by type, extent, ownership, management, protection and threats, with sourced data on cover and change.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Dominated by trees, defined by cover and area thresholds","Ecosystem and resource at once","Natural, semi-natural and plantation forests differ greatly","Definitions vary between agencies"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"extent-and-type","name":"Extent and type","description":"What and how much.","layers":[{"id":"type","name":"Type","description":"Biome and composition.","findings":[{"id":"type-finding","name":"Type","description":"Forest type.","questions":[{"text":"What type of forest is it, and what are its main species?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is it natural or planted?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"extent","name":"Extent","description":"Area and change.","findings":[{"id":"extent-finding","name":"Extent","description":"Area and trend.","questions":[{"text":"How large is it, according to which definition and source?","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Is its area growing or shrinking?","kind":"measurement"}]}]}]},{"id":"ecology","name":"Ecology","description":"Life and services.","layers":[{"id":"biodiversity","name":"Biodiversity","description":"Species.","findings":[{"id":"biodiversity-finding","name":"Biodiversity","description":"Species and habitats.","questions":[{"text":"Which notable species and habitats does it support?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which are threatened?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"services","name":"Ecosystem services","description":"Carbon and water.","findings":[{"id":"services-finding","name":"Services","description":"Services provided.","questions":[{"text":"How much carbon does it store?","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"What role does it play in water supply?","kind":"definition"}]}]}]},{"id":"management","name":"Management","description":"Ownership and use.","layers":[{"id":"ownership","name":"Ownership","description":"Who owns it.","findings":[{"id":"ownership-finding","name":"Ownership","description":"Owner and tenure.","questions":[{"text":"Who owns and manages it?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"What rights do local and indigenous communities hold?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"harvest","name":"Harvest","description":"Timber and certification.","findings":[{"id":"harvest-finding","name":"Harvest","description":"Harvesting and certification.","questions":[{"text":"Is it harvested, and is it certified?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the timber legal under import rules?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"threats","name":"Threats","description":"Loss and protection.","layers":[{"id":"drivers","name":"Drivers","description":"Clearance, fire, pests.","findings":[{"id":"drivers-finding","name":"Threats","description":"Threats to the forest.","questions":[{"text":"What threatens this forest?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"How is loss monitored?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"protection","name":"Protection","description":"Designations.","findings":[{"id":"protection-finding","name":"Protection","description":"Protection status.","questions":[{"text":"Is it protected, and how effectively?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How can people help?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Report a forest's extent, type and protection status from official and survey data.","Monitor and report fire, disease or illegal felling to the forest authority."],"mustNot":["Fell, burn or clear forest without lawful authority.","Disturb wildlife or protected habitats.","Make campfires or leave fire risks in fire season.","Help trade illegally logged timber."],"requiresHuman":["Felling, thinning or planting decisions."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Forests hold biodiversity, store carbon and sustain forest peoples.","Deforestation is often irreversible on human timescales."],"affectedParties":["Forest communities and indigenous peoples","Wildlife","Future generations"]},"owners":{"steward":"The landowner or the state; forestry authorities regulate felling.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Forest inventories","Land registry"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q101998","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q1554231","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q27096220","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q37813","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q52105","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q618123","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"tree","type":"related","note":"dominant life form"},{"target":"landscape","type":"related","note":"land cover"},{"target":"timber and ecosystem services","type":"related","note":"uses"},{"target":"fire, clearance, pests","type":"related","note":"drivers of loss"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.forest","Wikidata: Q4421 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4421)","protected area id: WDPA id protected forests","certification: FSC or PEFC certificate code managed forests"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["world forest area: about 4.06 billion hectares - about 31 percent of land, FAO 2020","canopy cover threshold: 10 percent - FAO definition, with trees over 5 m on more than 0.5 ha"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Tree canopy cover over a large area","Forest type from dominant species and climate","Satellite imagery shows cover and loss","Dense stands of trees with a canopy, understorey and forest floor; types range from tropical rainforest to boreal and managed plantations; wood pastures are open forms."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["protect and restore it","manage and harvest it sustainably","visit and use it for recreation","monitor it, by satellite and inventory"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Deforestation and degradation","Wildfires","Inconsistent definitions giving conflicting figures","Illegal logging"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["EU Deforestation Regulation 2023/1115","National forest laws","FSC and PEFC certification","UN REDD+ framework"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Forests store carbon, shelter biodiversity, regulate water and provide timber and livelihoods.","tropical, temperate and boreal forests","evergreen and deciduous forests","primary and secondary forests","plantations","wood pastures and community forests such as satoyama"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q4421: forest","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4421","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Forest","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forest","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should forest types be separate entries?","Which forest definition should the registry adopt?","How should named forests be linked as instances?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q4421/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q4421/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-11T05:41:45Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:52:00+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}