{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.tunnel","code":"thing-q44377","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q44377/","name":"tunnel","alternateNames":["drive-through tree","tunnel of aggression","Roman tunnel","tik-kuyu","international tunnel","ski tunnel","sough","supply tunnel","hood tunnel","tunnels in Taiwan","underwater tunnel","group of tunnels"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.4","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.OBJ"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"An underground passage bored through soil or rock, or under water, for roads, railways, canals, pedestrians, utilities or mining, distinct from a bridge or cutting, with forms and examples the registry aliases name such as Roman tunnels, international tunnels crossing borders, ski tunnels and, more loosely, the natural drive-through tree and the biological tunnel of aggression, which are figurative and appear misfiled; tunnels are built by drilling and blasting, tunnel boring machines or cut-and-cover, and require ventilation, drainage and fire safety, so users should follow signs and emergency procedures, and tunnel fires and floods are serious hazards.","purpose":"Let an agent explain tunnels, relay construction methods, types, safety and notable examples from civil engineering sources, describe the named forms and flag figurative aliases, route tunnel emergencies, and distinguish tunnels from bridges, cuttings, culverts and caves.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Enclosed passage","Through ground or water","Needs ventilation and safety","Several construction methods"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What a tunnel is.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"Is there a fire, smoke, flood or breakdown in a tunnel, in which case follow emergency signs, use exits and call emergency services?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"What is a tunnel, and how does it differ from bridges, cuttings, culverts and caves?","kind":"definition"}]}]},{"id":"forms","name":"Forms","description":"Named forms.","findings":[{"id":"forms-finding","name":"Forms","description":"Forms.","questions":[{"text":"What are road, rail, utility and international tunnels, and why are the drive-through tree and tunnel of aggression different?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific form?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"construction","name":"Construction","description":"Construction.","layers":[{"id":"methods","name":"Methods","description":"Methods.","findings":[{"id":"methods-finding","name":"Methods","description":"Methods.","questions":[{"text":"How do drill-and-blast, boring machines and cut-and-cover build tunnels?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"geotech","name":"Geotechnics","description":"Ground conditions.","findings":[{"id":"geotech-finding","name":"Geotechnics","description":"Geotechnics.","questions":[{"text":"How do ground and water conditions affect tunnelling?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"safety","name":"Safety","description":"Safety.","layers":[{"id":"fire","name":"Fire","description":"Fire and ventilation.","findings":[{"id":"fire-finding","name":"Fire","description":"Fire.","questions":[{"text":"How are tunnel fire safety and ventilation designed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the information current?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"emergency","name":"Emergency","description":"Emergency procedures.","findings":[{"id":"emergency-finding","name":"Emergency","description":"Emergency.","questions":[{"text":"What should tunnel users do in an emergency?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which entry fits tunnel safety?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"Notable tunnels.","layers":[{"id":"examples","name":"Examples","description":"Notable tunnels.","findings":[{"id":"examples-finding","name":"Examples","description":"Examples.","questions":[{"text":"What are notable tunnels such as the Gotthard Base and Channel Tunnels?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits Channel Tunnel?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How did tunnelling develop from Roman times?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation neutral and attributed?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe a tunnel's route, length and use from official sources.","Relay closures, height limits and safety instructions issued by the tunnel operator."],"mustNot":["Route vehicles into a tunnel they are banned from, such as for height or dangerous goods.","Direct people into closed tunnels, active rail tunnels or abandoned workings.","Ignore fire or ventilation alarms reported by tunnel systems.","Publish detailed security weaknesses of critical tunnels."],"requiresHuman":["Closing, reopening or evacuating a tunnel."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Tunnel fires and floods can trap many people at once.","Building tunnels carries real risks to workers and nearby buildings."],"affectedParties":["Road and rail users","Tunnel workers","Emergency responders"]},"owners":{"steward":"The tunnel operator, usually a road, rail or utility authority.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Road and rail infrastructure registers"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q12146012","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q83620","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"underground structure","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"tunnel boring machine","type":"related"},{"target":"bridge","type":"related"},{"target":"cave","type":"related"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.tunnel","Wikidata: Q44377 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44377)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["methods: drill and blast, tunnel boring machine, cut-and-cover list","longest rail tunnel: Gotthard Base Tunnel note - as reported","registry parents: underground structure, thoroughfare note"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Underground or underwater passage","Drive-through tree, tunnel of aggression, Roman tunnel, tik-kuyu, international tunnel, ski tunnel","Bridges span over obstacles; cuttings are open trenches; culverts carry water under roads; caves are natural","An enclosed passage through ground or under water, with portals, lighting and ventilation."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain construction methods and types","relay safety","describe named forms and flag figurative aliases","route tunnel emergencies"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Tunnel fires","Flooding and collapse","Figurative aliases misfiled"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Tunnel safety directives such as the EU Road Tunnel Safety Directive","Ventilation and fire safety standards"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Underground passage for transport, utilities or mining.","road tunnels","rail tunnels","utility tunnels","mining tunnels","pedestrian tunnels"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q44377: tunnel","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44377","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Tunnel","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunnel","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["The figurative aliases drive-through tree and tunnel of aggression should be reviewed","Should mining tunnels be a separate entry?","How should tunnel safety standards be linked?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q44377/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q44377/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-14T02:35:30Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:52:00+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}