{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.carnival","code":"thing-q4618","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q4618/","name":"Carnival","alternateNames":["Carnival in Asturias","Zottegem Carnaval","Slavic carnival","Bokkenrijk","Driek Pakaon","Zinnober","Burgundian carnival","The “Rhineland Carnival” in all its Local Variants","Rara Festival","carnaval on Curaçao","Brazilian carnival","Rhenish carnival"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.3","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Activities and processes","entryKind":"thing","plane":"ACT","domain":["ACT.ACT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A festive season of public celebration occurring before the Christian fast of Lent, typically in February or early March, marked by parades, masks, costumes, music, dancing, feasting and rituals of reversal in which social norms are playfully overturned, celebrated in forms such as the carnivals of Rio de Janeiro, Venice, Trinidad, Cologne and New Orleans Mardi Gras, regional traditions such as those of Asturias, Flemish towns such as Zottegem and Slavic Maslenitsa-type festivals, and local figures and customs recorded in the registry aliases.","purpose":"Let an agent explain Carnival and its origins, relay major and regional traditions from ethnographic and cultural sources with attribution, describe practices such as masking and reversal rituals, and distinguish Carnival from travelling carnivals, fairs and unrelated festivals.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Pre-Lenten timing","Masking and costume","Reversal ritual","Regional diversity"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What Carnival is.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Definition and origins.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What is Carnival, and how did it arise from pre-Lenten and older festive traditions, as historians describe?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the question about Carnival, a funfair or another festival?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"meaning","name":"Meaning","description":"Reversal and meaning.","findings":[{"id":"meaning-finding","name":"Meaning","description":"Meaning.","questions":[{"text":"What do masking, reversal and the carnivalesque mean, as Bakhtin and anthropologists interpret them?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the presentation attributed?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"traditions","name":"Traditions","description":"Traditions.","layers":[{"id":"major","name":"Major","description":"Major carnivals.","findings":[{"id":"major-finding","name":"Major","description":"Major.","questions":[{"text":"How do Rio, Venice, Trinidad, Cologne and Mardi Gras differ in form and history?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"regional","name":"Regional","description":"Regional traditions.","findings":[{"id":"regional-finding","name":"Regional","description":"Regional.","questions":[{"text":"What are the carnivals of Asturias, Flemish towns such as Zottegem, and Slavic carnival traditions?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific tradition?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"take_part","name":"Take part","description":"Taking part.","layers":[{"id":"visiting","name":"Visiting","description":"Visiting.","findings":[{"id":"visiting-finding","name":"Visiting","description":"Visiting.","questions":[{"text":"How do visitors attend carnivals, and what safety and etiquette considerations apply?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"organising","name":"Organising","description":"Organising.","findings":[{"id":"organising-finding","name":"Organising","description":"Organising.","questions":[{"text":"How are carnival groups, samba schools and krewes organised?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits samba school?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"Culture and economy.","layers":[{"id":"culture","name":"Culture","description":"Culture.","findings":[{"id":"culture-finding","name":"Culture","description":"Culture.","questions":[{"text":"How do music, costume and satire shape carnival culture, and how has Carnival appeared in art and literature?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits carnival music?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"economy","name":"Economy","description":"Economy and heritage.","findings":[{"id":"economy-finding","name":"Economy","description":"Economy.","questions":[{"text":"What economic and heritage roles do carnivals play, with positions attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits intangible cultural heritage?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Explain Carnival traditions in different regions and their link to the start of Lent.","Relay public dates, routes and safety information from organisers and authorities."],"mustNot":["Present one region's Carnival customs as the universal form.","Publish identifiable images of revellers in compromising situations without consent.","Promote costumes or masks that mock ethnic or religious groups.","Guide crowds or vehicles in ways that override official safety arrangements."],"requiresHuman":["Changing crowd management or route decisions on the day."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Carnival traditions belong to local communities and carry religious and cultural meaning.","Large crowds bring risks of crushes, violence and harassment."],"affectedParties":["Participants","Local communities","Residents along routes"]},"owners":{"steward":"Local organising associations and municipal authorities for each celebration.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q10688145","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q11483816","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q115755288","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q132241","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"annual event","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"reversal ritual","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"Lent","type":"related","note":"in the Christian calendar"},{"target":"Rio Carnival","type":"related","note":"the largest"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.carnival","Wikidata: Q4618 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4618)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":["timing: before Ash Wednesday note - February or March","Rio Carnival attendance: millions count - annually","UNESCO listed carnivals: several count - such as Binche and Barranquilla"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Pre-Lenten festive season","Rio, Venice, Trinidad, Cologne, Mardi Gras, Asturian and Flemish carnivals, Slavic carnival","A travelling carnival is a funfair; Halloween and Purim are separate festivals","Parades, masks, costumes and street celebrations."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain origins and meaning","relay traditions","describe practices","distinguish from fairs"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Confusing Carnival with funfairs","Crowd safety incidents","Stereotyping or misrepresenting local traditions"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Municipal event permits and safety rules","UNESCO intangible heritage listings","Local customs governing masks and processions"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Not applicable; a festive season.","Latin American carnivals such as Rio and Barranquilla","Caribbean carnivals such as Trinidad","European carnivals such as Venice, Cologne, Binche and Asturian and Flemish carnivals","Mardi Gras in New Orleans and the Gulf Coast","Slavic and Eastern European carnival traditions","local figures and customs such as those recorded in the registry aliases"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q4618: Carnival","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4618","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Carnival","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnival","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should major carnivals be separate primary entries?","How should ethnographic sources be linked?","The registry entry has merged aliases naming local figures and towns; should they be split off?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q4618/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q4618/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-13T05:23:20Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:52:00+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane ACT: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}