{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.sunken-lane","code":"thing-q476352","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q476352/","name":"sunken lane","alternateNames":[],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.4","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.BLT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A road or track that lies below the level of the surrounding land, worn down over centuries by traffic, water and erosion or deliberately cut, often lined with steep banks, hedges and trees, known as holloways in England, chemins creux in France and Hohlwege in German-speaking countries; sunken lanes are landscape and heritage features, habitats and, historically, obstacles in warfare such as at Waterloo and in the Normandy bocage.","purpose":"Let an agent explain sunken lanes and how they form, relay their history, ecology and heritage value from landscape and archaeological sources, describe regional names and examples, and distinguish sunken lanes from cuttings, ditches and canals.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Below-grade road","Erosional origin","Banked and hedged","Heritage feature"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What a sunken lane is.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What is a sunken lane, and how does it differ from a cutting, ditch and canal?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the question about the feature, a region or a specific lane?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"formation","name":"Formation","description":"Formation.","findings":[{"id":"formation-finding","name":"Formation","description":"Formation.","questions":[{"text":"How do sunken lanes form through traffic, water and geology?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits erosion?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History.","layers":[{"id":"routes","name":"Routes","description":"Ancient routes.","findings":[{"id":"routes-finding","name":"Routes","description":"Routes.","questions":[{"text":"What do sunken lanes reveal about ancient and medieval routes, as archaeologists describe?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"war","name":"War","description":"In warfare.","findings":[{"id":"war-finding","name":"War","description":"War.","questions":[{"text":"How did sunken lanes figure at Waterloo, in the Normandy bocage and elsewhere, as historians describe?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"nature","name":"Nature","description":"Ecology and heritage.","layers":[{"id":"ecology","name":"Ecology","description":"Ecology.","findings":[{"id":"ecology-finding","name":"Ecology","description":"Ecology.","questions":[{"text":"What habitats do sunken lanes provide for plants and animals?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits hedgerow?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"protection","name":"Protection","description":"Protection.","findings":[{"id":"protection-finding","name":"Protection","description":"Protection.","questions":[{"text":"How are sunken lanes protected and managed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits landscape conservation?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"Regions and culture.","layers":[{"id":"regions","name":"Regions","description":"Regional names.","findings":[{"id":"regions-finding","name":"Regions","description":"Regions.","questions":[{"text":"What are holloways, chemins creux and Hohlwege, and where are notable examples?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific lane?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"culture","name":"Culture","description":"Culture.","findings":[{"id":"culture-finding","name":"Culture","description":"Culture.","questions":[{"text":"How do sunken lanes appear in literature, art and folklore?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits landscape in literature?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe sunken lanes and how they formed.","Report damage or collapse of banks to the highway or land authority."],"mustNot":["Recommend widening or filling a historic sunken lane without heritage and ecology review.","Direct vehicles into lanes too narrow or unstable for them.","Encourage digging into banks that are prone to collapse.","Confuse a sunken lane with a modern road cutting."],"requiresHuman":["Works that change a sunken lane's banks, hedges or surface."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Sunken lanes are old landscape features and habitats that are lost to road works.","Unstable banks can collapse on people and vehicles."],"affectedParties":["Walkers and drivers","Landowners","Wildlife"]},"owners":{"steward":"The highway authority or landowner; some are protected as heritage or habitat.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q83620","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"thoroughfare","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"erosion","type":"related","note":"from traffic and water"},{"target":"cutting","type":"related","note":"an engineered excavation"},{"target":"Ohain sunken lane","type":"related","note":"at Waterloo"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.sunken-lane","Wikidata: Q476352 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q476352)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["depth: up to several m - sometimes over 5 m","age: centuries to millennia note - some Roman or older"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Road below the surrounding land surface","Holloway, chemin creux, Hohlweg","A cutting is engineered for rail or road; a ditch carries water; a canal is navigable","A narrow road running between high earth banks, often under a canopy of trees."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain formation","relay history and ecology","describe examples","distinguish related features"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Erosion and collapse of banks","Loss to road widening","Confusing with cuttings"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Heritage and landscape protection in some countries","Hedgerow regulations in England"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Not applicable; a landscape feature and thoroughfare.","eroded holloways on soft rock","deliberately cut lanes","bocage lanes of Normandy","Hohlwege of Central Europe","urban survivals of sunken lanes"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q476352: sunken lane","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q476352","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Sunken lane","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunken_lane","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should holloway and Hohlweg be separate entries?","How should landscape sources be linked?","How should military history uses be recorded?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q476352/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q476352/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-13T12:55:08Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:52:00+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}