{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.stem-cell","code":"thing-q48196","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q48196/","name":"stem cell","alternateNames":["neoplastic stem cells","glioblastoma stem cell","breast cancer stem cell","neuroepithelial cell","intestinal crypt stem cell","resident stem cell","mesenchymal stem cell of umbilical cord","neuroepithelial body","hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell","myeloid progenitor cell","skeletal muscle satellite stem cell","germ line stem cell"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.3","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.OBJ"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"An undifferentiated cell that can renew itself by division and give rise to specialised cell types, including embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells reprogrammed from adult cells, and adult or resident stem cells such as haematopoietic, intestinal crypt, neural and neuroepithelial stem cells that maintain tissues, as well as cancer stem cells proposed to sustain tumours such as glioblastoma and breast cancer; stem cells underpin development, regeneration, research models and therapies such as bone marrow transplantation.","purpose":"Let an agent explain stem cells and their kinds, relay biology, established and experimental therapies and ethics from scientific and regulatory sources, and distinguish proven treatments from unproven clinics.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Self-renewal","Potency levels","Niche regulation","Therapeutic and ethical significance"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What stem cells are.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Definition and kinds.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What are stem cells, and how do embryonic, induced pluripotent and adult stem cells differ?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the question about stem cells, progenitor cells or differentiated cells?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"biology","name":"Biology","description":"Biology.","findings":[{"id":"biology-finding","name":"Biology","description":"Biology.","questions":[{"text":"How do self-renewal, potency and niches work, and what are cancer stem cells?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific cell type?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"therapy","name":"Therapy","description":"Therapies.","layers":[{"id":"established","name":"Established","description":"Established therapies.","findings":[{"id":"established-finding","name":"Established","description":"Established.","questions":[{"text":"Which stem cell therapies are established, such as haematopoietic transplantation, and for what conditions?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the user asking about their own treatment, which needs a clinician?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"unproven","name":"Unproven","description":"Unproven treatments.","findings":[{"id":"unproven-finding","name":"Unproven","description":"Unproven.","questions":[{"text":"What do regulators and the ISSCR say about unproven stem cell clinics?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"ethics","name":"Ethics","description":"Ethics and regulation.","layers":[{"id":"ethics","name":"Ethics","description":"Ethics.","findings":[{"id":"ethics-finding","name":"Ethics","description":"Ethics.","questions":[{"text":"What ethical debates surround embryonic stem cells and reprogramming, with positions attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation neutral?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"regulation","name":"Regulation","description":"Regulation.","findings":[{"id":"regulation-finding","name":"Regulation","description":"Regulation.","questions":[{"text":"How are stem cell research and therapies regulated by country?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"Research and history.","layers":[{"id":"research","name":"Research","description":"Research frontiers.","findings":[{"id":"research-finding","name":"Research","description":"Research.","questions":[{"text":"What research exists on organoids, gene editing and regenerative therapies, with findings attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits organoid?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How did stem cell science develop from Till and McCulloch to Yamanaka?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits the history of stem cell research?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Explain stem cell types and approved therapies from scientific and regulatory sources.","Distinguish approved treatments from experimental ones."],"mustNot":["Promote unapproved stem cell treatments sold as cures.","Present research findings as available therapies.","Use or trade human embryonic or donor cells outside lawful consent and approval."],"requiresHuman":["Advising a person on a stem cell procedure or donation."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Unproven stem cell clinics have harmed and defrauded desperate patients.","Embryonic stem cell research raises deep moral questions about human life."],"affectedParties":["Patients","Donors","Researchers"]},"owners":{"steward":"The donor or patient for their own cells; research bodies hold cell lines under licence.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Stem cell line registries","Bone marrow donor registries"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q725508","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"somatic cell","type":"related","note":"in registry terms, for adult stem cells"},{"target":"differentiated cell","type":"related","note":"through differentiation"},{"target":"stem cell therapy","type":"related","note":"such as bone marrow transplantation"},{"target":"regenerative medicine","type":"related","note":"the field"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.stem-cell","Wikidata: Q48196 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48196)","MeSH: D013234 stem cells"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["first iPSC report: 2006 year - Yamanaka","haematopoietic transplants: over 1.5 million count - cumulative worldwide"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Self-renewing cells that differentiate","Embryonic, induced pluripotent, adult, resident and cancer stem cells","Progenitor cells have limited renewal; differentiated cells are specialised","Not visible to the eye; cells in culture or tissue niches."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain kinds and properties","relay therapies and evidence","present ethics and regulation","distinguish proven from unproven treatments"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Unproven stem cell clinics harming patients, as reported","Tumour formation from pluripotent cells","Agents giving personal medical advice","Ethical controversy over embryo use"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Regulation of cell therapies by agencies such as the FDA and EMA","Laws on embryo research by country","ISSCR guidelines for stem cell research and clinical translation","Clinical trial regulation"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Renewal and regeneration of tissues; research and therapy.","embryonic stem cells","induced pluripotent stem cells","adult stem cells such as haematopoietic, mesenchymal, intestinal crypt and neural stem cells","neuroepithelial and other developmental stem cells","cancer stem cells including glioblastoma and breast cancer stem cells","stem cells in plants"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q48196: stem cell","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48196","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Stem cell","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_cell","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should induced pluripotent stem cell and cancer stem cell be separate entries?","How should regulatory sources be linked?","The registry entry has merged aliases naming specific cell types; should they be split off?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q48196/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q48196/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-13T02:17:19Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:52:00+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}