{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.cephaloridine","code":"thing-q5063323","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q5063323/","name":"cephaloridine","alternateNames":[],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.1.0-research.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.MAT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"Cephaloridine is a semisynthetic first-generation cephalosporin beta-lactam antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell-wall synthesis and whose clinical use was limited by nephrotoxicity.","purpose":"Enable an agent to recognize cephaloridine, assess a material sample's identity and condition, and determine whether evidence supports its proposed handling or use.","scope":{"in":["Chemical identity, stereochemistry, synonyms, and external identifiers","Sample grade, assay, water content, impurities, and degradation","Physical properties qualified by material form and measurement conditions","Antibacterial activity and experimental susceptibility evidence","Substance hazards, handling requirements, and jurisdiction-specific status"],"out":["Finished medicinal products, their excipients, packaging, and release specifications","Patient-specific prescribing, dosing, and treatment decisions","Manufacturing routes, reactors, and production operations","Bacterial species and resistance mechanisms as independent models","Other cephalosporins and separately identified degradation products"],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Match the substance to CAS 50-59-9 and PubChem CID 5773, reconciling the spelling cefaloridine with cephaloridine. Reference: [PubChem](https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Cephaloridine).","Verify the cephalosporin scaffold with pyridinium-1-ylmethyl and 2-thienylacetamido substituents rather than accepting a cephalosporin family label as identity.","Verify the reference structure's (6R,7R) stereochemistry; matching elemental composition alone cannot establish identity.","Distinguish the intact compound from degraded cephaloridine using a stability-indicating analytical method.","Separate cephaloridine substance identity from a formulated preparation, whose total mass or concentration includes other constituents."],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"cephaloridine-identity","name":"Cephaloridine identity","description":"Establishes which molecular entity and material representation the entry denotes.","layers":[{"id":"names-and-identifiers","name":"Names and identifiers","description":"Connects registry and supplier descriptions to a verified substance record.","findings":[{"id":"identifier-reconciliation","name":"Identifier reconciliation","description":"Require agreement between names, identifiers, and structure before identifying a sample as cephaloridine.","questions":[{"text":"Do the label, certificate, and reference record agree on cephaloridine or cefaloridine, CAS 50-59-9, and CID 5773?","id":"identifier-reconciliation-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which authoritative record establishes any additional identifier, including an EC number?","id":"identifier-reconciliation-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"structure-and-entity-boundary","name":"Structure and entity boundary","description":"Checks stereochemistry, substituents, charge representation, and sample form.","findings":[{"id":"reference-structure-match","name":"Reference structure match","description":"The reference describes a first-generation cephalosporin with a zwitterionic representation; structure matching must preserve its substituents and stereochemistry. Reference: [PubChem](https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Cephaloridine).","questions":[{"text":"Does the proposed identity preserve the reference stereochemistry and both diagnostic side groups?","id":"reference-structure-match-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is a reported salt, hydrate, solvate, or protonation state a documented form of this substance or a distinct entity requiring a relationship?","id":"reference-structure-match-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"lot-composition-and-quality","name":"Lot composition and quality","description":"Records how much intact cephaloridine a sample contains and what accompanies it.","layers":[{"id":"grade-and-assay","name":"Grade and assay","description":"Connects intended use to traceable quantitative evidence.","findings":[{"id":"assay-basis","name":"Assay basis","description":"Record assay method and calculation basis rather than treating chromatographic area percentage as an established mass fraction.","questions":[{"text":"What grade and specification are claimed for this cephaloridine lot, and who issued them?","id":"assay-basis-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is its assay reported as-is, on a dry basis, as chromatographic area, or as biological potency?","id":"assay-basis-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"impurities-and-transformation","name":"Impurities and transformation","description":"Distinguishes intact substance from water, process residues, and degradation products.","findings":[{"id":"intact-material-fraction","name":"Intact material fraction","description":"A sample's identity label remains insufficient when its composition has changed.","questions":[{"text":"Which method separates intact cephaloridine from degradation products and related cephalosporin impurities?","id":"intact-material-fraction-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"What water, solvent, and impurity results must be included when calculating usable cephaloridine content?","id":"intact-material-fraction-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]}]},{"id":"physical-state-and-stability","name":"Physical state and stability","description":"Qualifies material properties and retained integrity under actual storage and preparation conditions.","layers":[{"id":"phase-and-dissolution","name":"Phase and dissolution","description":"Records physical form and condition-dependent preparation behavior.","findings":[{"id":"conditioned-physical-properties","name":"Conditioned physical properties","description":"Accept solubility and thermal values only with material form, conditions, method, and source.","questions":[{"text":"What physical form was tested, and what solvent, pH, and temperature accompany its measured solubility?","id":"conditioned-physical-properties-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Does a reported thermal event represent melting, solvent loss, or decomposition, and is a boiling point meaningful for this material?","id":"conditioned-physical-properties-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"storage-and-solution-age","name":"Storage and solution age","description":"Evaluates evidence for retained cephaloridine integrity over time.","findings":[{"id":"stability-supported-use","name":"Stability-supported use","description":"Separate unopened-material storage claims from evidence for prepared solutions.","questions":[{"text":"What data establish stability at the sample's temperature, pH, concentration, solvent, and container conditions?","id":"stability-supported-use-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"After the recorded storage excursion or solution age, should the sample be reanalyzed or rejected under its applicable specification?","id":"stability-supported-use-q02","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"antibacterial-function","name":"Antibacterial function","description":"Connects cephaloridine's antibacterial role to testable activity evidence.","layers":[{"id":"mechanism-and-functional-integrity","name":"Mechanism and functional integrity","description":"Relates molecular integrity to the documented antibacterial mechanism.","findings":[{"id":"beta-lactam-function","name":"Beta-lactam function","description":"Cephaloridine is described as binding penicillin-binding proteins and interfering with bacterial cell-wall synthesis. Reference: [PubChem](https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Cephaloridine).","questions":[{"text":"Which experimental evidence supports the mechanism in the bacterial system being modeled?","id":"beta-lactam-function-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Does the measured sample retain intact cephaloridine and the antibacterial activity required by the proposed assay?","id":"beta-lactam-function-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"susceptibility-and-comparability","name":"Susceptibility and comparability","description":"Keeps antibacterial results attached to organisms and test conditions.","findings":[{"id":"qualified-activity-result","name":"Qualified activity result","description":"Store strain-specific results without turning historical spectrum descriptions into universal susceptibility claims.","questions":[{"text":"Which strain, medium, inoculum, incubation conditions, and endpoint produced the cephaloridine activity result?","id":"qualified-activity-result-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Is there an applicable interpretive standard, or must the result remain an uninterpreted experimental measurement?","id":"qualified-activity-result-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"hazards-and-use-constraints","name":"Hazards and use constraints","description":"Connects substance-specific hazards to documented controls and permitted uses.","layers":[{"id":"toxicological-and-exposure-evidence","name":"Toxicological and exposure evidence","description":"Separates biological hazard evidence from workplace classification and exposure requirements.","findings":[{"id":"renal-and-allergenic-hazards","name":"Renal and allergenic hazards","description":"Reported concerns include proximal renal tubular toxicity and beta-lactam allergenicity; exposure-specific interpretation requires supporting evidence. Reference: [PubChem](https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Cephaloridine).","questions":[{"text":"What species, exposure route, dose, and duration support each renal toxicity or sensitization claim?","id":"renal-and-allergenic-hazards-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which current SDS classification, exposure limits if established, and controls apply to handling this powder or solution?","id":"renal-and-allergenic-hazards-q02","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"jurisdiction-and-permitted-purpose","name":"Jurisdiction and permitted purpose","description":"Records current authorization and restrictions for the proposed use.","findings":[{"id":"documented-use-status","name":"Documented use status","description":"Keep historical medicinal use, current market authorization, and research-reagent availability as separate claims.","questions":[{"text":"Which dated authority establishes cephaloridine's status for the intended purpose and jurisdiction?","id":"documented-use-status-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"What evidence must be satisfied before this particular lot can be released for its proposed use?","id":"documented-use-status-q02","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"evidence-and-external-alignment","name":"Evidence and external alignment","description":"What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.","layers":[{"id":"reported-evidence","name":"Reported evidence","description":"Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.","findings":[{"id":"evidence-confidence-notes","name":"Check these first","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these check these first hold for the sense of cephaloridine this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-confidence-notes-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-identifiers","name":"Identifiers and schemes","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of cephaloridine this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-identifiers-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-real-world-use","name":"Real-world use","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of cephaloridine this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-real-world-use-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-measurements","name":"Typical measurements","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of cephaloridine this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-measurements-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards","name":"Failure modes and hazards","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of cephaloridine this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-neighbours","name":"Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of cephaloridine this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-neighbours-q01","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe cephaloridine's history as an early cephalosporin and why its use was limited.","Use it as a teaching example of drug-induced kidney damage."],"mustNot":["Recommend, dose or supply it to a person.","Present it as a current first-line antibiotic.","Ignore kidney function or reported beta-lactam allergy when it is discussed for treatment."],"requiresHuman":["Any decision to start, stop or change antibiotic treatment."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Its history shows why kidney safety must be weighed against antibacterial benefit."],"affectedParties":["Patients with kidney disease","Prescribers","Pharmacology students"]},"owners":{"steward":"The marketing authorisation holder where it was licensed; medicines regulators decide its status.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["National medicines registers"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q11173","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.cephaloridine","Wikidata: Q5063323 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5063323)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Reference molecular composition: C19H17N3O4S2; reference molecular weight approximately 415.5 g/mol","Structural identity: Connection to a stereochemically explicit reference structure and authenticated analytical standard","Grade and intended use: Reference standard, research reagent, pharmaceutical substance where documented, or unverified grade","Cephaloridine assay: % mass fraction or mg/g, with method, uncertainty, and as-is or dry basis","Water and impurity profile: Water %, individual and total impurities %, residual solvents in mg/kg; methods required","Physical form: Observed solid or solution; crystallinity, hydration or solvation where established; temperature and pressure","Solubility and solution concentration: mg/mL or mol/L with solvent, pH, temperature, and elapsed preparation time","Thermal behavior: Melting or decomposition temperature in °C with method; boiling point only if experimentally meaningful","Retained integrity: Within specification, degraded, or unresolved; linked to assay date and storage history","Antibacterial response: MIC in µg/mL or assay-specific potency units with organism, method, and controls","Hazard and regulatory applicability: Dated SDS, classification authority, jurisdiction, exposure-limit source, and use authorization where applicable"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["A powder for injection; identity is confirmed by label and records, not appearance."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["Reconcile a supplier label or registry identifier with the cephaloridine reference structure.","Evaluate a lot's certificate and analytical results against its intended use.","Calculate a preparation amount from verified assay, material form, and target concentration.","Assess whether storage or solution history requires reanalysis or rejection.","Compare antibacterial measurements only where organisms, methods, and concentration bases are compatible.","Determine applicable handling and use constraints from current, attributable evidence."]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Kidney damage, especially at higher doses or with other kidney-toxic drugs.","Allergic reactions typical of beta-lactams."]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["The Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification maintained by the World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology assigns cephaloridine the code J01DB02 among first-generation cephalosporins."]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Cephaloridine is encountered in historical antibiotic literature and research on antibacterial activity and kidney toxicity.","Material samples may be used as analytical references or research substances when their identity, purity and condition are documented."]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q5063323: cephaloridine","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5063323","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Cephaloridine","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cephaloridine","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Which authoritative records establish the EC identifier and resolve any form-dependent identifier differences?","Which validated specifications and methods distinguish intact cephaloridine from its relevant impurities and degradation products?","What reliable measurements establish solid form, solubility, thermal behavior, and stability under specified storage and solution conditions?","Which current jurisdiction-specific sources establish medicinal authorization, GHS classification, occupational exposure limits if any, and disposal requirements?","Which contemporary susceptibility methods and interpretive criteria, if any, apply specifically to cephaloridine?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q5063323/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q5063323/spec.json"],"providers":["Codex"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T08:31:39Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:31+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}