{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.neural-tube-defect","code":"thing-q548213","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q548213/","name":"neural tube defect","alternateNames":["parietal foramina","Rachischisis","cephalocele","malformation of the neurenteric canal, spinal cord and column","neural tube defects, X-linked","neural tube defects, folate-sensitive","neural tube closure defect","vertebral cleft","craniorachischisis"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.4","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Cross-cutting context","entryKind":"thing","plane":"XCT","domain":["XCT.STA"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A birth defect of the brain, spine or spinal cord caused by incomplete closure of the neural tube in the first weeks of pregnancy, including spina bifida, anencephaly and cephalocele or encephalocele, and rachischisis, a severe open spinal defect, with folate-sensitive and rare X-linked forms named in registry aliases; severity varies, and anencephaly and craniorachischisis are lethal forms. The alias parietal foramina names enlarged skull openings from an ossification defect, which is generally not classified as a neural tube defect and appears misfiled, and the alias malformation of the neurenteric canal names a broader group. Taking folic acid before conception and in early pregnancy reduces risk, and many countries fortify flour, while prenatal screening and specialist care support families.","purpose":"Let an agent explain neural tube defects in general terms, relay types, causes, prevention with folic acid, screening and care from medical and public health sources, describe the named forms and flag the misfiled alias, and distinguish neural tube defects from hydrocephalus alone, tethered cord from other causes and chromosomal conditions, without giving individual medical advice and presenting pregnancy decisions neutrally.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Early pregnancy origin","Folate-preventable in part","Range of severity","Multidisciplinary care"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What neural tube defects are.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What is a neural tube defect, and how does it differ from hydrocephalus alone, tethered cord and chromosomal conditions?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is someone pregnant or planning pregnancy and asking about their own risk, in which case a doctor or midwife should advise on folic acid dose and screening?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"forms","name":"Forms","description":"Named forms.","findings":[{"id":"forms-finding","name":"Forms","description":"Forms.","questions":[{"text":"What are rachischisis, cephalocele, folate-sensitive and X-linked forms, and why is parietal foramina different?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific form?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"causes","name":"Causes","description":"Causes and prevention.","layers":[{"id":"folate","name":"Folate","description":"Folic acid.","findings":[{"id":"folate-finding","name":"Folate","description":"Folate.","questions":[{"text":"How did trials show folic acid reduces neural tube defects?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"risks","name":"Risk factors","description":"Risk factors.","findings":[{"id":"risks-finding","name":"Risk factors","description":"Risk factors.","questions":[{"text":"Which risk factors such as some anti-seizure drugs, diabetes and obesity are reported?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"policy","name":"Policy","description":"Public health.","layers":[{"id":"fortification","name":"Fortification","description":"Food fortification.","findings":[{"id":"fortification-finding","name":"Fortification","description":"Fortification.","questions":[{"text":"Which countries fortify flour with folic acid, and what debates exist, with positions attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the information current?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"screening","name":"Screening","description":"Prenatal screening.","findings":[{"id":"screening-finding","name":"Screening","description":"Screening.","questions":[{"text":"How are neural tube defects detected by ultrasound and blood tests?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation neutral about pregnancy decisions?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"Living with spina bifida.","layers":[{"id":"care","name":"Care","description":"Care and surgery.","findings":[{"id":"care-finding","name":"Care","description":"Care.","questions":[{"text":"What care do people with spina bifida receive across life, including fetal and postnatal surgery?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits spina bifida?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"community","name":"Community","description":"Advocacy.","findings":[{"id":"community-finding","name":"Community","description":"Community.","questions":[{"text":"What do spina bifida organisations advise about inclusive language and support?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits disability rights?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Explain neural tube defects and the general role of folic acid in prevention, citing health bodies.","Use respectful, person-first language about people living with spina bifida."],"mustNot":["Give individual advice on continuing or ending a pregnancy.","Use stigmatising language about disability.","Omit prevention advice on folic acid when asked about prevention.","Blame parents for a defect in their child."],"requiresHuman":["Any medical decision for a pregnancy or newborn."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Discussions of birth defects touch reproductive choice and disability rights, so care and respect are needed.","Many defects are preventable through public health measures such as fortification."],"affectedParties":["People with spina bifida","Parents","Pregnant people"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody owns the condition; clinicians and public health bodies address it.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Congenital anomaly registries"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q332343","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q55785846","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q55788492","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q55788864","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"congenital malformation","type":"related","note":"related"},{"target":"spina bifida","type":"related"},{"target":"folic acid","type":"related","note":"in part"},{"target":"enlarged parietal foramina","type":"related","note":"misfiled alias"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.neural-tube-defect","Wikidata: Q548213 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q548213)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":["neural tube closure: about 28 days after conception note","folic acid advice: 400 micrograms a day before conception note - higher doses for high risk, per clinicians","US mandatory fortification: 1998 year - enriched grain products"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Incomplete closure of the neural tube","Parietal foramina, rachischisis, cephalocele, neurenteric canal malformation, X-linked neural tube defects, folate-sensitive neural tube defects","Hydrocephalus alone is fluid build-up; tethered cord can have other causes; chromosomal conditions have different origins","Varies from a hidden skin dimple to an open spinal lesion or absent skull and brain parts."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain types and causes","relay prevention and fortification","describe named forms","flag misfiled aliases"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Missing prevention advice","Stigmatising language about disability","Giving individual pregnancy decisions advice"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Folic acid fortification laws","Prenatal screening guidelines","WHO recommendations on periconceptional folic acid"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Not applicable; a group of birth defects.","spina bifida","anencephaly","encephalocele","craniorachischisis","closed spinal dysraphism"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q548213: neural tube defect","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q548213","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Neural tube defect","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_tube_defect","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["The registry alias parietal foramina should be moved to skull ossification defect entries","Should folate-sensitive and X-linked forms be separate entries?","How should fortification policy by country be linked and kept current?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q548213/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q548213/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-14T00:45:21Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:31+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane XCT: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}