{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.pasteurization","code":"thing-q58148","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q58148/","name":"pasteurization","alternateNames":["flash pasteurization","Ohmic heating (food processing)"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.2","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Activities and processes","entryKind":"thing","plane":"ACT","domain":["ACT.PRC"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A process of heating a food or beverage to a specified temperature for a specified time to destroy pathogenic microorganisms and reduce spoilage organisms without sterilising it, developed by Louis Pasteur for wine and applied to milk, juices, beer, eggs and other products in forms such as low temperature long time, high temperature short time and flash pasteurisation, and newer methods such as ohmic heating; pasteurisation is a foundation of food safety and is regulated by food law.","purpose":"Let an agent explain pasteurisation and how it works, describe methods and their effects on products, relay food safety guidance and regulation, present debates about raw products with attribution, and describe history.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Time and temperature","Pathogen reduction","Product preservation","Regulated"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What pasteurisation is.","layers":[{"id":"concept","name":"Concept","description":"Concept and principle.","findings":[{"id":"concept-finding","name":"Concept","description":"Concept.","questions":[{"text":"What is pasteurisation, and how do time and temperature destroy pathogens while preserving the product?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which product or method is meant?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"methods","name":"Methods","description":"Methods.","findings":[{"id":"methods-finding","name":"Methods","description":"Methods.","questions":[{"text":"How do low temperature long time, high temperature short time, flash and ohmic methods differ?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific method?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"apply","name":"Apply","description":"Products and practice.","layers":[{"id":"products","name":"Products","description":"Products.","findings":[{"id":"products-finding","name":"Products","description":"Products.","questions":[{"text":"How are milk, juice, beer, eggs and other products pasteurised, and how does it affect taste and nutrients?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific product?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"home","name":"Home","description":"Home and small scale.","findings":[{"id":"home-finding","name":"Home","description":"Home.","questions":[{"text":"How can pasteurisation be done safely at small scale, according to food safety guidance?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the guidance from an authoritative source?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"safety","name":"Safety","description":"Safety and regulation.","layers":[{"id":"regulation","name":"Regulation","description":"Regulation.","findings":[{"id":"regulation-finding","name":"Regulation","description":"Regulation.","questions":[{"text":"How do food laws regulate pasteurisation and the sale of raw products?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits food law?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"debates","name":"Debates","description":"Raw product debates.","findings":[{"id":"debates-finding","name":"Debates","description":"Debates.","questions":[{"text":"What do health authorities say about raw milk and other unpasteurised products, and what positions do advocates hold, with attribution?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation neutral and attributed?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"learn","name":"Learn","description":"History and teaching.","layers":[{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How did Pasteur develop the process, and how did milk pasteurisation transform public health?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"teach","name":"Teach","description":"Teaching.","findings":[{"id":"teach-finding","name":"Teach","description":"Teaching.","questions":[{"text":"How can pasteurisation be taught in food science?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which misconceptions arise?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Explain pasteurisation, its methods and its effects on foods and drinks.","Relay food safety guidance and rules on pasteurised and unpasteurised products.","Present the raw milk debate with each position attributed."],"mustNot":["Tell people that unpasteurised milk or juice is safe for pregnant women, infants or vulnerable people.","Label a product as pasteurised without evidence.","Advise skipping or shortening a required pasteurisation step in commercial production.","Present health claims about raw products as proven without sources."],"requiresHuman":["Approving a process change in a commercial pasteurisation line."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Pasteurisation prevents serious illness, especially in children and pregnant women.","People have a right to honest information to make food choices."],"affectedParties":["Children and pregnant women","Consumers","Producers"]},"owners":{"steward":"The food business operator who processes the product; food safety authorities set the rules.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q1458918","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q173514","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"food preservation","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"heat treatment","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"heat","type":"related","note":"the physical agent"},{"target":"pathogen","type":"related","note":"organisms destroyed by pasteurisation"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.pasteurization","Wikidata: Q58148 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58148)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Heating to kill pathogens without sterilising","Milk, juice, beer, eggs and other products","Sterilisation kills all organisms; ultra-high temperature treatment is a more intense process","Not visible; an industrial or domestic heat process."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain the process","describe methods","relay food safety guidance","present debates"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Under-processing leaving pathogens","Illness from unpasteurised products","One-sided presentation of raw milk debates"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Food safety laws on pasteurisation","Standards for time and temperature by product","Labelling rules for raw products"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Heat treatment to make food safe.","low temperature long time pasteurisation","high temperature short time pasteurisation","flash pasteurisation","ohmic and non-thermal alternatives","pasteurisation of specific products such as milk, juice and eggs"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q58148: pasteurization","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58148","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Pasteurization","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasteurization","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should ultra-high temperature processing be a separate entry?","How should food safety authorities be linked?","How should standards be linked?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q58148/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q58148/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T05:41:24Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:52:01+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane ACT: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}