{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.monopteros","code":"thing-q60129","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q60129/","name":"monopteros","alternateNames":[],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.3","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.BLT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A circular temple-like structure consisting of a ring of columns supporting a roof without an enclosed cella, used in ancient Greek and Roman architecture for small shrines and revived in landscape gardens of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries as a garden pavilion or folly, such as the Monopteros in the English Garden in Munich; the monopteros differs from the tholos, which has an inner walled chamber.","purpose":"Let an agent explain the monopteros as an architectural form, relay its ancient and garden uses, identify notable examples, and distinguish it from the tholos, rotunda and gazebo.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["No cella","Ring of columns","Classical origin","Garden revival"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What a monopteros is.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What is a monopteros, and how does it differ from a tholos, rotunda and gazebo?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the structure a monopteros or a related round building?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"examples","name":"Examples","description":"Examples.","findings":[{"id":"examples-finding","name":"Examples","description":"Examples.","questions":[{"text":"What are notable monopteroi, ancient and modern?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific structure?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History.","layers":[{"id":"ancient","name":"Ancient","description":"Ancient use.","findings":[{"id":"ancient-finding","name":"Ancient","description":"Ancient.","questions":[{"text":"How were monopteroi used in Greek and Roman religion, as Vitruvius and archaeology describe?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"gardens","name":"Gardens","description":"Garden revival.","findings":[{"id":"gardens-finding","name":"Gardens","description":"Gardens.","questions":[{"text":"How did landscape gardeners revive the monopteros as a folly and viewpoint?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits the landscape garden?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"design","name":"Design","description":"Design and construction.","layers":[{"id":"design","name":"Design","description":"Design.","findings":[{"id":"design-finding","name":"Design","description":"Design.","questions":[{"text":"How are monopteroi designed in terms of orders, proportions and roofs?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"conservation","name":"Conservation","description":"Conservation.","findings":[{"id":"conservation-finding","name":"Conservation","description":"Conservation.","questions":[{"text":"How are historic garden monopteroi conserved?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits garden heritage conservation?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"Culture.","layers":[{"id":"culture","name":"Culture","description":"Culture.","findings":[{"id":"culture-finding","name":"Culture","description":"Culture.","questions":[{"text":"How do monopteroi feature in painting, tourism and civic identity, as in Munich?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits the Englischer Garten?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"terminology","name":"Terminology","description":"Terminology.","findings":[{"id":"terminology-finding","name":"Terminology","description":"Terminology.","questions":[{"text":"Where does the term monopteros come from, and how is it used by architectural historians?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits classical architecture terminology?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe monopteros structures, their history and examples from architectural sources.","Document and survey one for heritage or restoration records."],"mustNot":["Alter, restore or move a protected monopteros without heritage consent.","Describe a modern garden folly as an ancient structure.","Direct visitors to climb on fragile columns or roofs.","Remove or trade architectural fragments from a site."],"requiresHuman":["Approving restoration or alteration of a protected structure."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Historic structures are irreplaceable and easily damaged by well-meant repairs.","Honest dating protects buyers and the public record."],"affectedParties":["Visitors","Heritage authorities","Future generations"]},"owners":{"steward":"The owner of the structure; the heritage authority where it is listed.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Heritage and listed building registers"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q112049379","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q41176","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"garden feature","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"building","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"tholos","type":"related","note":"which has a cella"},{"target":"Monopteros in the Englischer Garten","type":"related","note":"in Munich"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.monopteros","Wikidata: Q60129 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60129)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Munich Monopteros columns: 10 count"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Open circular colonnade with roof","Ancient shrines and garden pavilions","A tholos has an inner chamber; a gazebo is usually lighter and non-classical; a rotunda is an enclosed round building","A round open colonnade under a domed or conical roof, often on a rise in a park."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain the form","relay ancient and garden uses","identify examples","distinguish from related forms"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Confusing with tholos or gazebo","Decay of garden structures","Uncertain ancient examples"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Heritage protection of historic garden buildings","No regulation of the form"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Shrine or ornamental pavilion.","ancient Greek and Roman monopteroi","garden monopteroi of the landscape garden movement","monopteros-style monuments and memorials","small monopteroi as fountain or statue shelters"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q60129: monopteros","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60129","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Monopteros","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopteros","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should notable monopteroi be separate entries?","How should architectural references be linked?","How should the boundary with tholos be recorded?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q60129/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q60129/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-13T01:44:01Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:52:01+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}