{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.indium-hydroxide","code":"thing-q6025169","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q6025169/","name":"indium hydroxide","alternateNames":[],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.1.0-research.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.MAT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"Indium hydroxide ordinarily denotes indium(III) hydroxide, In(OH)3, a sparingly water-soluble inorganic solid in which indium has oxidation state +3.","purpose":"Enable an AI agent to identify indium hydroxide, assess a particular material sample, and judge its suitability for handling, characterization, or conversion.","scope":{"in":["Chemical identity and identifiers of indium(III) hydroxide","Hydroxide phase identity, associated water, and partial conversion products","Indium assay, impurity profile, and the basis of purity claims","Particle characteristics and physical presentation of material samples","Condition-dependent dissolution and thermal transformation","Substance-specific hazard evidence and applicable handling constraints"],"out":["Indium metal, indium oxide, and indium oxyhydroxide as independently modeled substances","Complete formulations or commercial products containing indium hydroxide","Equipment and operating procedures for precipitation, filtration, or calcination","Finished semiconductor, coating, or sensing devices","Indium mining, refining, and supply-chain operations"],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Confirm nominal composition In(OH)3 and indium in oxidation state +3; a supplier identity reference lists CAS 20661-21-6. [TCI substance record](https://www.tcichemicals.com/IN/en/p/I1147)","Use phase-sensitive characterization to distinguish In(OH)3 from indium oxyhydroxide, InOOH, and indium oxide, In2O3; total indium content alone does not establish hydroxide identity.","Separate associated water from chemically bound hydroxyl groups using complementary thermal and structural evidence; wet mass alone cannot establish hydroxide purity.","Distinguish an isolated hydroxide solid from an indium-containing solution or an incompletely characterized precipitation slurry.","Require phase evidence alongside a trace-metal assay: low metallic contamination does not exclude oxide, oxyhydroxide, water, or nonmetallic residues."],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"hydroxide-identity","name":"Hydroxide identity","description":"Establish which indium substance the entry and a candidate sample represent.","layers":[{"id":"formula-and-identifiers","name":"Formula and identifiers","description":"Connect the registered name to a chemically specific identity.","findings":[{"id":"indium-trihydroxide-identity","name":"Indium trihydroxide identity","description":"Use In(OH)3 as the working identity; the supplier record gives formula weight 165.84 and CAS 20661-21-6. [TCI substance record](https://www.tcichemicals.com/IN/en/p/I1147)","questions":[{"text":"Does the registry intend specifically indium(III) hydroxide, In(OH)3?","id":"indium-trihydroxide-identity-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which directly checked identifier records establish the CAS, PubChem CID, and EC mappings?","id":"indium-trihydroxide-identity-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"neighboring-indium-phases","name":"Neighboring indium phases","description":"Make hydroxide identity testable against likely alternative assignments.","findings":[{"id":"phase-discrimination","name":"Phase discrimination","description":"Require evidence capable of resolving In(OH)3, InOOH, and In2O3 rather than assigning identity from elemental composition alone.","questions":[{"text":"Which diffraction or spectroscopic measurements support In(OH)3 and constrain InOOH or In2O3 content?","id":"phase-discrimination-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"At what documented phase composition should the sample be represented as a mixture rather than a hydroxide grade?","id":"phase-discrimination-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"sample-composition-and-form","name":"Sample composition and form","description":"Describe the actual hydroxide material rather than only its nominal formula.","layers":[{"id":"water-and-assay","name":"Water and assay","description":"Separate nominal hydroxide composition from water and analytical reporting conventions.","findings":[{"id":"comparable-composition-basis","name":"Comparable composition basis","description":"Record water, indium content, and purity on explicit analytical bases; do not equate drying loss with water without supporting evidence.","questions":[{"text":"What are the measured associated-water and indium mass fractions on as-received and defined dry bases?","id":"comparable-composition-basis-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Does the purity claim describe total In(OH)3 assay, trace-metal purity, or another denominator?","id":"comparable-composition-basis-q02","kind":"definition"}]}]},{"id":"residues-and-particles","name":"Residues and particles","description":"Capture composition and morphology inherited from preparation and subsequent handling.","findings":[{"id":"preparation-dependent-sample","name":"Preparation-dependent sample","description":"Treat precursor-derived ions, organic residues, particle dimensions, and agglomeration as sample attributes requiring evidence.","questions":[{"text":"Which precursor, base, and washing records identify residual species that need analytical checks?","id":"preparation-dependent-sample-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"What particle-size distribution, agglomeration state, and specific surface area were measured in the supplied form?","id":"preparation-dependent-sample-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]}]},{"id":"chemical-and-thermal-state","name":"Chemical and thermal state","description":"Record when hydroxide remains present and when conditions change its chemical identity.","layers":[{"id":"aqueous-behavior","name":"Aqueous behavior","description":"Describe dissolution and solid persistence in a specified liquid environment.","findings":[{"id":"medium-dependent-dissolution","name":"Medium-dependent dissolution","description":"Represent dissolution through measured conditions and indium balances; leave unsupported acid-base or complexation behavior unresolved.","questions":[{"text":"How much indium dissolves at the specified pH, temperature, ionic composition, and contact time?","id":"medium-dependent-dissolution-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"What evidence distinguishes true dissolved indium from suspended or colloidal hydroxide in the measurement?","id":"medium-dependent-dissolution-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"dehydration-and-conversion","name":"Dehydration and conversion","description":"Distinguish removal of associated water from chemical conversion of the hydroxide.","findings":[{"id":"verified-oxide-conversion","name":"Verified oxide conversion","description":"Thermal conversion to In2O3 is documented, but its temperature interval and product characteristics belong to specified experimental conditions. [Primary synthesis and conversion study](https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jp5010659)","questions":[{"text":"Which thermal events remove associated water, and which coincide with loss of hydroxide and formation of identified product phases?","id":"verified-oxide-conversion-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"What atmosphere, pressure, heating rate, and dwell time support the proposed conversion and its acceptance criteria?","id":"verified-oxide-conversion-q02","kind":"action"},{"text":"Do reported melting or boiling values describe actual phase transitions, decomposition, or an unsupported catalog field?","id":"verified-oxide-conversion-q03","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"handling-and-use-decisions","name":"Handling and use decisions","description":"Connect hydroxide-specific evidence to handling and acceptance for an intended operation.","layers":[{"id":"hazard-and-exposure-evidence","name":"Hazard and exposure evidence","description":"Determine which hazard statements and limits apply to the actual hydroxide sample.","findings":[{"id":"applicable-indium-controls","name":"Applicable indium controls","description":"Record the scope of hydroxide-specific and broader indium-compound evidence without assigning an unverified GHS category or exposure limit.","questions":[{"text":"Which current SDS or authoritative classification explicitly covers this hydroxide and physical form in the relevant jurisdiction?","id":"applicable-indium-controls-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Where an exposure limit covers indium compounds, what chemical scope, aerosol fraction, averaging period, and reporting basis apply?","id":"applicable-indium-controls-q02","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"What controls are required for the proposed powder transfer, suspension handling, or heating operation?","id":"applicable-indium-controls-q03","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"fitness-and-material-disposition","name":"Fitness and material disposition","description":"Translate characterized hydroxide properties into a bounded use decision.","findings":[{"id":"use-specific-acceptance","name":"Use-specific acceptance","description":"Assess each lot against requirements for its intended use, including composition, morphology, and conversion outcome where relevant.","questions":[{"text":"What limits on water, residual ions, nonhydroxide phases, and particle characteristics determine acceptance for this use?","id":"use-specific-acceptance-q01","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which storage change or processing result requires recharacterization, rejection, or transfer to a different substance model?","id":"use-specific-acceptance-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"evidence-and-external-alignment","name":"Evidence and external alignment","description":"What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.","layers":[{"id":"reported-evidence","name":"Reported evidence","description":"Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.","findings":[{"id":"evidence-confidence-notes","name":"Check these first","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these check these first hold for the sense of indium hydroxide this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-confidence-notes-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-kinds","name":"Kinds and varieties","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of indium hydroxide this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-kinds-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-identifiers","name":"Identifiers and schemes","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of indium hydroxide this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-identifiers-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-real-world-use","name":"Real-world use","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of indium hydroxide this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-real-world-use-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-measurements","name":"Typical measurements","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of indium hydroxide this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-measurements-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards","name":"Failure modes and hazards","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of indium hydroxide this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-neighbours","name":"Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of indium hydroxide this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-neighbours-q01","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe indium hydroxide's chemistry and its role as a precursor to indium oxide.","Report hazards from its safety data sheet."],"mustNot":["Handle fine powder without dust control and respiratory protection.","Dispose of indium waste into drains or general rubbish rather than recovery.","Present low acute toxicity as proof that long-term inhalation is safe."],"requiresHuman":["Approving processes that generate indium dust in workplaces."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Workers making indium-based electronics materials have developed serious lung disease."],"affectedParties":["Electronics and materials workers","Waste handlers"]},"owners":{"steward":"The laboratory or manufacturer that holds it; the supplier answers for its identity and labelling.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q11173","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.indium-hydroxide","Wikidata: Q6025169 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6025169)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Chemical identity: Indium(III) hydroxide; In(OH)3; registry vr.tr.indium-hydroxide","External identifier evidence: CAS, PubChem CID, and EC records with source and verification date","Phase composition: Identified phases; mass fractions where validated; method and detection limit","Associated water: Mass % water with conditioning and analytical method","Indium content: Mass % In; as-received or dry basis; analytical uncertainty","Purity and residual species: Mass % assay; mg/kg individual impurities; explicit denominator","Particle size and surface area: Particle-size distribution in nm or µm; specific surface area in m²/g; methods","Physical presentation: Dry powder, wet cake, suspension, or other characterized form","Dissolution behavior: Dissolved In in mol/L or mg/L, with pH, temperature, medium, and equilibration time","Thermal transformation: Onset and interval in °C; mass loss %; atmosphere, pressure, heating rate, and product phases","Applicable hazard evidence: Current SDS and authoritative classifications or exposure limits, with jurisdiction and substance coverage"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["A white powder that is barely soluble in water."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["Match a labeled material to the registry identity and flag unresolved identifier conflicts.","Compare batches for a specified use using phase, water, assay, and impurity evidence.","Select characterization needed to distinguish hydroxide from oxyhydroxide or oxide.","Assess a proposed dissolution or thermal conversion against documented material behavior.","Determine handling controls from applicable hazard evidence and the supplied physical form.","Track drying or conversion as a material-state change and link resulting substances to neighboring models."]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Inhaled indium compounds can cause lasting lung disease.","Dust irritates eyes and airways."]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS), United Nations."]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Indium hydroxide is encountered in inorganic chemistry laboratories and research on indium-containing materials.","It is used as a precursor to indium oxide and other indium compounds, with suitability depending on composition, purity and particle characteristics."]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q6025169: indium hydroxide","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6025169","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Indium(III) hydroxide","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indium%28III%29_hydroxide","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Does the registry explicitly intend stoichiometric indium(III) hydroxide, and how should poorly crystalline or water-rich precipitates be represented within that scope?","What directly verified PubChem CID and EC identifiers correspond to this substance, and do their records distinguish hydrated or commercial forms?","Which quantitative dissolution and aqueous-speciation data are reliable across relevant pH, temperature, and ligand conditions?","Which thermal constants and phase-transition assignments are reproducible across sample preparations, and when is InOOH observed rather than direct oxide formation?","What current hydroxide-specific hazard classifications and jurisdictional exposure limits apply, and which rely on broader indium-compound evidence?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q6025169/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q6025169/spec.json"],"providers":["Codex"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T10:28:58Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:32+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}