{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.levomethorphan","code":"thing-q60998690","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q60998690/","name":"levomethorphan","alternateNames":[],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.1.0-research.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.MAT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"Levomethorphan is the levorotatory enantiomer of methorphan, a synthetic morphinan opioid with potent analgesic activity, chemically distinguished as the 3-methyl ether of levorphanol.","purpose":"Enable an agent to identify levomethorphan, assess the identity and condition of a material sample, and determine which handling or transfer decisions require further evidence.","scope":{"in":["Stereochemically explicit identity and identifiers for levomethorphan","Free-base identity and relationships to salts, solvates and mixtures","Chemical assay, enantiomeric composition and sample-specific impurities","Physical properties, stability and storage condition evidence","Biological hazard evidence and substance-specific regulatory status"],"out":["Dextromethorphan, racemethorphan and levorphanol as independently identified substances","Finished medicinal products and their formulation specifications","Clinical diagnosis, prescribing and patient-specific dosing","Manufacturing routes and synthesis procedures","Institutional licensing systems and laboratory equipment models"],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Require stereochemical evidence to distinguish levomethorphan from its enantiomer dextromethorphan; a molecular formula alone cannot establish the distinction. [PubChem](https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Levomethorphan)","Check enantiomeric composition to distinguish a levomethorphan sample from racemethorphan or another mixture of methorphan enantiomers.","Verify the 3-methoxy substituent rather than the 3-hydroxy substituent associated with levorphanol. [INCB Yellow List](https://www.incb.org/incb/uploads/documents/Narcotic-Drugs/Yellow_List/63rd_edition/YL_63rd_E.pdf)","Determine whether identifiers and measured properties refer to the free base or a specified salt; levomethorphan tartrate has a separate compound record. [PubChem](https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/71587015)"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"stereochemical-identity","name":"Stereochemical identity","description":"Establish what makes a material levomethorphan and how neighbouring morphinan identities are excluded.","layers":[{"id":"structure-and-identifiers","name":"Structure and identifiers","description":"Connect the registry entry to an explicitly stereochemical chemical identity.","findings":[{"id":"identifier-structure-consistency","name":"Identifier and structure consistency","description":"Require agreement between names, authority identifiers and a structure that retains stereochemistry.","questions":[{"text":"Which stereochemically explicit structure defines levomethorphan, and which naming convention assigns its stereocentre labels?","id":"identifier-structure-consistency-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which authoritative records verify its CAS number, PubChem CID and any applicable EC number, and do they identify the same material form?","id":"identifier-structure-consistency-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"neighbouring-morphinans","name":"Neighbouring morphinans","description":"Specify the identity boundaries around dextromethorphan, racemethorphan and levorphanol.","findings":[{"id":"enantiomer-and-substituent-boundaries","name":"Enantiomer and substituent boundaries","description":"Distinguish changes in stereochemistry, enantiomeric composition and oxygen substitution.","questions":[{"text":"What evidence distinguishes the sample from dextromethorphan and racemethorphan when non-chiral identity tests agree?","id":"enantiomer-and-substituent-boundaries-q01","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Which structural or analytical evidence distinguishes levomethorphan's methoxy group from levorphanol's hydroxy group?","id":"enantiomer-and-substituent-boundaries-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]}]},{"id":"material-form-and-quality","name":"Material form and quality","description":"Describe the actual material containing levomethorphan and the evidence supporting its composition.","layers":[{"id":"form-and-quantity-basis","name":"Form and quantity basis","description":"Separate the parent substance from counterions, solvent and other sample constituents.","findings":[{"id":"composition-accounting","name":"Composition accounting","description":"Define the sample form and the basis on which levomethorphan content is expressed.","questions":[{"text":"Is the sample free base, a specified salt or a solution, and what evidence establishes counterion, stoichiometry and water or solvent content?","id":"composition-accounting-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"On what basis is assay reported, and what verified composition supports any conversion to free-base-equivalent mass?","id":"composition-accounting-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"analytical-specificity","name":"Analytical specificity","description":"Evaluate whether testing resolves both chemical and stereochemical composition.","findings":[{"id":"assay-and-enantiomer-evidence","name":"Assay and enantiomer evidence","description":"Treat levomethorphan assay, opposite-enantiomer content and related substances as distinct measurements.","questions":[{"text":"Which validated method measures dextromethorphan in levomethorphan, and what are its selectivity and quantification limits?","id":"assay-and-enantiomer-evidence-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which reference materials, chromatograms and uncertainty statements support the reported assay and impurity profile?","id":"assay-and-enantiomer-evidence-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"physical-state-and-stability","name":"Physical state and stability","description":"Tie levomethorphan property measurements and sample integrity to a specified form and environment.","layers":[{"id":"form-specific-properties","name":"Form-specific properties","description":"Record only physical-property values whose material identity and conditions are known.","findings":[{"id":"qualified-property-values","name":"Qualified property values","description":"Distinguish measured values from estimates and thermal decomposition from boiling or melting.","questions":[{"text":"What measured melting interval, decomposition behaviour and, if available, boiling point apply to the identified levomethorphan form?","id":"qualified-property-values-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"What solubility measurements specify solvent, pH, temperature and whether the tested material was free base or a salt?","id":"qualified-property-values-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"storage-and-change","name":"Storage and change","description":"Connect sample history to evidence of retained composition and suitability.","findings":[{"id":"stability-supported-disposition","name":"Stability-supported disposition","description":"Require evidence before assigning storage limits, retest intervals or degradation conclusions.","questions":[{"text":"Which stability studies support temperature, light, moisture and container requirements for this levomethorphan form?","id":"stability-supported-disposition-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which storage excursions or analytical changes require quarantine, retesting or rejection under the applicable specification?","id":"stability-supported-disposition-q02","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"biological-activity-and-exposure","name":"Biological activity and exposure","description":"Organize levomethorphan-specific pharmacological and exposure evidence without importing clinical instructions.","layers":[{"id":"activity-and-metabolism-evidence","name":"Activity and metabolism evidence","description":"Identify which biological claims are demonstrated for levomethorphan itself.","findings":[{"id":"compound-specific-biological-claims","name":"Compound-specific biological claims","description":"Separate direct measurements, metabolite effects and extrapolations from related substances.","questions":[{"text":"Which primary studies establish levomethorphan receptor activity, and under what species and assay conditions?","id":"compound-specific-biological-claims-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"What evidence establishes conversion to levorphanol and distinguishes parent-compound effects from metabolite effects?","id":"compound-specific-biological-claims-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"occupational-hazard-evidence","name":"Occupational hazard evidence","description":"Link handling decisions to the actual sample and supported exposure hazards.","findings":[{"id":"exposure-controls-and-limits","name":"Exposure controls and limits","description":"Record source-qualified classifications and distinguish established limits from unavailable information.","questions":[{"text":"Which current safety data or primary toxicology sources support hazard classifications for this levomethorphan form and concentration?","id":"exposure-controls-and-limits-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is a substance-specific occupational exposure limit established, and what approved handling assessment applies if none is available?","id":"exposure-controls-and-limits-q02","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"controlled-substance-status","name":"Controlled-substance status","description":"Connect levomethorphan's precise identity to dated legal controls and evidence needed for a proposed activity.","layers":[{"id":"jurisdiction-and-form-coverage","name":"Jurisdiction and form coverage","description":"Determine which current legal entries cover the identified material.","findings":[{"id":"dated-control-determination","name":"Dated control determination","description":"Separate international listing evidence from applicable domestic requirements.","questions":[{"text":"Which current international and domestic instruments name levomethorphan, and what are their effective dates and territorial scope?","id":"dated-control-determination-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How do those instruments treat salts, preparations and stereoisomers, including the distinction from dextromethorphan?","id":"dated-control-determination-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"authorized-material-movement","name":"Authorized material movement","description":"Identify the evidence needed to possess, transfer or dispose of a particular levomethorphan quantity.","findings":[{"id":"activity-specific-authorization","name":"Activity-specific authorization","description":"Tie a proposed activity to the identified material, quantity and responsible parties.","questions":[{"text":"What licenses, permits or exemptions cover the proposed possession, transfer, import, export or disposal of this material?","id":"activity-specific-authorization-q01","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which batch identity, quantity basis and custody records must accompany the activity under the applicable rules?","id":"activity-specific-authorization-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"evidence-and-external-alignment","name":"Evidence and external alignment","description":"What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.","layers":[{"id":"reported-evidence","name":"Reported evidence","description":"Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.","findings":[{"id":"evidence-confidence-notes","name":"Check these first","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these check these first hold for the sense of levomethorphan this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-confidence-notes-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-identifiers","name":"Identifiers and schemes","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of levomethorphan this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-identifiers-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-real-world-use","name":"Real-world use","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of levomethorphan this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-real-world-use-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-measurements","name":"Typical measurements","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of levomethorphan this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-measurements-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards","name":"Failure modes and hazards","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of levomethorphan this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-neighbours","name":"Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of levomethorphan this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-neighbours-q01","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["State what levomethorphan is and that it is a controlled opioid.","Explain how it differs from dextromethorphan so the two are not confused.","Check holdings against licences in an inventory it is authorized to manage."],"mustNot":["Assist in making, obtaining, converting or concentrating it.","Give dosing or use advice outside a supervised medical or research setting.","Help divert it from licensed stock or move it across borders unlawfully.","Treat it as interchangeable with over-the-counter cough medicine."],"requiresHuman":["Any transfer, destruction or release of licensed stock.","Responding to a suspected overdose, beyond calling emergency services."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Potent opioids cause fatal overdoses; confusion with a common cough medicine is dangerous.","Controls must not block legitimate research or pain relief."],"affectedParties":["People at risk of opioid harm","Families and communities","Licensed researchers"]},"owners":{"steward":"The licensed holder; national drug control authorities regulate it under international treaties.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["National controlled substance registers"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q27163511","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.levomethorphan","Wikidata: Q60998690 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60998690)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Stereochemical substance identity: Stereochemically explicit structure with identifier authority; PubChem CID 5362449","Material form: Free base; named salt with stoichiometry; specified solvate or hydrate; solution; unresolved","Levomethorphan assay: % mass fraction or mg/mL, with as-received, dry or free-base-equivalent basis","Enantiomeric composition: Levomethorphan and dextromethorphan fractions in %, with optional explicitly defined enantiomeric excess","Related substances and residuals: Named analytes in %, ppm or mg/g, with detection and quantification limits","Condition-dependent physical properties: Melting or decomposition interval in °C; solubility in g/L; boiling point in °C at stated pressure, if established","Sample integrity: Within documented specification; suspect; degraded; expired; unassessed","Biological activity evidence: Links to receptor, metabolism and toxicity studies with species, assay and exposure context","Hazard classification: Source-specific GHS classes and statements, jurisdiction, material form and revision date; unresolved when unavailable","Regulatory identity and status: Authority, substance identifier, jurisdiction, effective date, applicable schedule and covered forms"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Identity cannot be settled by appearance; it needs the label and laboratory analysis.","Licensed stock carries controlled-drug labelling and register entries."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["Resolve a supplier label or analytical record to the stereochemically explicit levomethorphan identity.","Assess whether analytical evidence distinguishes levomethorphan from dextromethorphan and mixed-enantiomer material.","Compare a batch against a stated assay, impurity and material-form specification.","Normalize reported quantities to a documented free-base-equivalent basis when composition is established.","Flag missing stability, hazard or authorization evidence before a proposed handling or transfer activity."]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Opioid overdose can stop breathing.","Mix-ups with dextromethorphan can cause serious harm."]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, United Nations."]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["This compound is encountered in opioid pharmacology literature, analytical reference collections and forensic chemistry.","Research and identification work distinguish it from related compounds and its opposite enantiomer because their biological activities differ."]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q60998690: levomethorphan","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60998690","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Levomethorphan","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levomethorphan","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Which authoritative records settle the CAS and EC identifiers for the free base and distinguish identifiers assigned to individual salts?","Which primary measurements establish form-specific melting, decomposition, solubility and stability values, and is a defensible boiling-point value available?","Which validated methods and reference materials establish levomethorphan enantiomeric purity and relevant impurity acceptance limits?","What primary evidence supports receptor activity, metabolism to levorphanol and human toxicity, and which frequently repeated potency claims remain unverified?","Which current jurisdiction-specific controls, GHS classifications and occupational exposure limits apply to the intended material form and activity?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q60998690/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q60998690/spec.json"],"providers":["Codex"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T10:56:57Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:32+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}