{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.fascism","code":"thing-q6223","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q6223/","name":"fascism","alternateNames":["Falangism","national syndicalism","Fascist mysticism","Falangism in Latin America","Fascist syndicalism","Positive Christianity","Brazilian integralism","occultism in Nazism","Nazism","Rexism","Nazism in Mexico","Nazism in Sweden"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.2","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Activities and processes","entryKind":"thing","plane":"ACT","domain":["ACT.ACT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A far-right, authoritarian and ultranationalist political ideology and movement that arose in early twentieth century Europe, exemplified by Mussolini Italy and related regimes and movements such as Falangism and national syndicalism, characterised by dictatorial power, suppression of opposition, militarism, glorification of the nation and, in some forms, racism; fascism is studied in history and political science, its definition is debated among scholars, and the label is often contested when applied to contemporary movements.","purpose":"Let an agent describe fascism as a historical and political science subject with attributed scholarship, present its history and consequences accurately, handle contemporary applications of the label neutrally with attribution, and refuse to promote it.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Ultranationalism and authoritarianism","Historical origin in interwar Europe","Debated definition","Contested contemporary use"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"limits","name":"Limits","description":"Agent conduct.","layers":[{"id":"decline","name":"Decline","description":"Refusing promotion.","findings":[{"id":"decline-finding","name":"Decline","description":"Limits.","questions":[{"text":"Does the request seek to promote, glorify or recruit for fascist ideology, or to incite hatred?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"How should the agent decline while supporting historical and educational understanding?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"victims","name":"Victims","description":"Respect for victims.","findings":[{"id":"victims-finding","name":"Victims","description":"Victims.","questions":[{"text":"Are the crimes and victims of fascist regimes acknowledged accurately?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Are minimising or denialist claims rejected with sources?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"define","name":"Define","description":"What fascism is.","layers":[{"id":"definitions","name":"Definitions","description":"Scholarly definitions.","findings":[{"id":"definitions-finding","name":"Definitions","description":"Definitions.","questions":[{"text":"How do historians and political scientists define fascism, and where do they disagree?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which features are considered core?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"variants","name":"Variants","description":"Related movements.","findings":[{"id":"variants-finding","name":"Variants","description":"Variants.","questions":[{"text":"How do Falangism, national syndicalism and other related movements relate to fascism, according to scholars?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which labels do the movements use for themselves?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"Regimes and consequences.","layers":[{"id":"regimes","name":"Regimes","description":"Historical regimes.","findings":[{"id":"regimes-finding","name":"Regimes","description":"Regimes.","questions":[{"text":"How did this fascist regime rise, rule and fall, according to historians?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"What were its policies and their consequences?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"memory","name":"Memory","description":"Remembrance and education.","findings":[{"id":"memory-finding","name":"Memory","description":"Memory.","questions":[{"text":"Which museums, memorials and educational resources address fascism and its victims?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How is the history taught?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"today","name":"Today","description":"Contemporary use.","layers":[{"id":"label","name":"Label","description":"Applying the label.","findings":[{"id":"label-finding","name":"Label","description":"Label.","questions":[{"text":"Who describes this contemporary movement or figure as fascist, on what criteria, and who disputes it?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the label presented with attribution rather than as fact?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"law","name":"Law","description":"Legal restrictions.","findings":[{"id":"law-finding","name":"Law","description":"Law.","questions":[{"text":"Which countries prohibit fascist symbols or apologia, and how?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How are such laws debated, with positions attributed?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe the history, ideology and regimes of fascism from scholarly sources.","Explain how historians define fascism and where they disagree."],"mustNot":["Produce propaganda, recruitment or glorification for fascist movements.","Deny or downplay crimes of fascist regimes.","Label a person or party fascist without evidence.","Help organise violence or intimidation."],"requiresHuman":["Publishing analysis that names present-day groups as fascist."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Fascist regimes caused war, persecution and genocide; memory of victims is owed.","The term is often used loosely, which can both trivialise and inflame."],"affectedParties":["Victims and their descendants","Targeted minorities","Political opponents"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody owns the ideology; historians document it and some states prohibit its organisations.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q128135","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q180490","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q38352698","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"ultranationalism","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"totalitarianism","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"left-wing","type":"related","note":"political alignment"},{"target":"right-wing","type":"related","note":"political alignment"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.fascism","Wikidata: Q6223 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6223)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Authoritarian ultranationalist movements of the interwar era","Related movements such as Falangism","Authoritarianism in general is broader than fascism","Not physical; ideologies, regimes and movements documented in history."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain scholarly definitions and their debates","describe historical fascist regimes and movements with sources","attribute contemporary uses of the label","find educational and memorial resources"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Promoting or glorifying fascism","Using the label as an unattributed accusation","Minimising historical crimes"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Laws prohibiting fascist symbols and apologia in some countries","Human rights law on incitement","Education standards on Holocaust and fascism history"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Understanding a historical ideology and its legacies.","Italian Fascism","related interwar movements such as Falangism and national syndicalism","fascist and para-fascist regimes","neo-fascism (as classified by scholars)","scholarly theories of fascism"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q6223: fascism","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6223","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Fascism","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fascism","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should each movement be a separate entry?","How should scholarly definitions be linked?","How should registry aliases that are contested be handled?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q6223/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q6223/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-11T20:31:50Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:52:01+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane ACT: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}