{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.bonsai","code":"thing-q64365","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q64365/","name":"bonsai","alternateNames":["Indoor bonsai","shōhin bonsai","Mambonsai","saikei"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.5","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Information and virtual systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"INF","domain":["INF.KNW"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"The Japanese art of growing miniature trees in containers, shaped by pruning, wiring and root restriction to suggest mature trees in nature; also the tree itself; derived from the Chinese practice of penjing.","purpose":"Let an agent explain bonsai as an art and a plant, its styles, sizes and care, from horticultural sources.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Bonsai are trees and shrubs kept miniature by cultivation; ordinary species and dwarf cultivars can both be used.","Most temperate species need outdoor seasons, including winter dormancy; tropical species can be kept indoors.","Saikei (landscape planting) and penjing (Chinese) are related arts."],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"tree","name":"Tree","description":"Species and size.","layers":[{"id":"species","name":"Species","description":"Plant.","findings":[{"id":"species","name":"Species","description":"Scientific name.","questions":[{"text":"Which species?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Indoor or outdoor?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"size","name":"Size","description":"Size class.","findings":[{"id":"size","name":"Size","description":"Height and class.","questions":[{"text":"How tall?","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which size class?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"style","name":"Style","description":"Shape.","layers":[{"id":"style","name":"Style","description":"Classical style.","findings":[{"id":"style","name":"Style","description":"Name.","questions":[{"text":"Which style?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"According to which classification?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"container","name":"Container","description":"Pot.","findings":[{"id":"pot","name":"Pot","description":"Shape and material.","questions":[{"text":"Which pot?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Does it suit the tree?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"care","name":"Care","description":"Maintenance.","layers":[{"id":"watering-and-light","name":"Watering and light","description":"Routine.","findings":[{"id":"routine","name":"Routine","description":"Watering, placement, free-draining substrate and fertilisation routine.","questions":[{"text":"How often is it watered?","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Where is it placed?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"repotting-and-pruning","name":"Repotting and pruning","description":"Techniques.","findings":[{"id":"technique","name":"Technique","description":"Work and timing.","questions":[{"text":"When was it last repotted?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"When is pruning or wiring done?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"art-and-history","name":"Art and history","description":"Origins.","layers":[{"id":"origins","name":"Origins","description":"China and Japan.","findings":[{"id":"origin","name":"Origin","description":"Period and source.","questions":[{"text":"When did the practice arise?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"From which source?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"exhibitions","name":"Exhibitions","description":"Shows and collections.","findings":[{"id":"collection","name":"Collection","description":"Institution.","questions":[{"text":"Which public collections exist?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Where?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["explain styles and general care"],"mustNot":["advise importing plants in breach of plant health rules"],"requiresHuman":[]},"ethics":{"considerations":["collection of wild trees (yamadori) with permission"],"affectedParties":["growers","ecosystems"]},"owners":{"steward":"the owner of the tree","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q5164897","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"penjing","type":"related","note":"Chinese art"},{"target":"container gardening","type":"related","note":"horticulture"},{"target":"saikei","type":"related","note":"landscape planting"},{"target":"tree","type":"related","note":"plant"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.bonsai","Wikidata: Q64365 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64365)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":["height: a few cm to about 1 m or more - by size class, such as shohin and mame"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Miniature tree in a shallow pot with styled trunk and branches","A small tree in a shallow container, shaped to look like an old full-size tree."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["describe styles and size classes","explain general care (watering, light, repotting)","distinguish indoor and outdoor species","explain the history and related arts"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Plant death from drought or keeping temperate species indoors","Spread of pests with imported trees"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Plant health and import rules for live plants (such as EU plant health regulation)","CITES for listed species"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Ornamental horticulture and art.","formal upright (chokkan)","informal upright (moyogi)","slanting (shakan)","cascade (kengai)","literati (bunjingi)","forest (yose-ue)","size classes such as shohin and mame","saikei"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Q64365","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64365","note":"identity of the registry item, labels and sitelinks"},{"title":"Bonsai","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonsai","note":"general description of the subject"},{"title":"National Bonsai & Penjing Museum","url":"https://usna.usda.gov/discover/gardens-collections/national-bonsai-penjing-museum/","note":"Bonsai and penjing as living horticultural arts, pruning, wiring and continuing care."},{"title":"The Art of Bonsai","url":"https://www.pubs.ext.vt.edu/426/426-601/426-601.html","note":"Origins, styles, size range, cultivation and use of dwarf pomegranate 'Nana'."},{"title":"Bonsai","url":"https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/types/trees/bonsai","note":"Outdoor and indoor cultivation, species differences, watering, feeding and plant pests."},{"title":"Plant health rules","url":"https://food.ec.europa.eu/plants/plant-health-and-biosecurity/plant-health-rules_en","note":"EU plant health controls on imports and movement of live plants."},{"title":"CITES and Timber","url":"https://cites.org/sites/default/files/timber_id_materials/files/CITES%20%20Timber%20-%20A%20guide%20to%20CITES-listed%20tree%20species%202023.pdf","note":"Application of CITES listings and annotations to tree species, including bonsai."}],"openQuestions":[],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q64365/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q64365/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-10-22T10:54:10Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-22T11:03:04+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 5 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane INF: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}