{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.communion","code":"thing-q66086","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q66086/","name":"communion","alternateNames":["Anglican Eucharistic theology","Holy Communion in the Orthodox Church","Holy Communion in Anglican churches","Lord's Supper in Protestantism","Eucharist in Lutheranism","Eucharist in the Catholic Church","lovefeast","communion service"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.5","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Activities and processes","entryKind":"thing","plane":"ACT","domain":["ACT.ACT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"The Christian rite observed by consuming consecrated bread and wine in remembrance of Jesus' Last Supper, called the Eucharist, Holy Communion or the Lord's Supper, received within services such as the Mass or the Divine Liturgy or, where permitted, from reserved elements; churches differ in doctrine, in whether both kinds are received, and in who may receive.","purpose":"Let an agent describe communion across Christian traditions accurately and respectfully, without taking doctrinal sides.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Called a sacrament in Catholic, Orthodox, Anglican and Lutheran traditions; an ordinance in many Baptist churches.","Views range from transubstantiation and real presence to memorialism; reception may be under one kind or both.","A lovefeast or fellowship meal is not automatically communion."],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"tradition","name":"Tradition","description":"Which church.","layers":[{"id":"church","name":"Church","description":"Tradition.","findings":[{"id":"tradition","name":"Tradition","description":"Church and name of the rite.","questions":[{"text":"Which church tradition is meant?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"What do they call the rite?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"theology","name":"Theology","description":"Understanding.","findings":[{"id":"theology","name":"Theology","description":"View and source.","questions":[{"text":"How does this tradition understand it?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which official text says so?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"practice","name":"Practice","description":"How it is celebrated.","layers":[{"id":"elements","name":"Elements","description":"Bread and wine.","findings":[{"id":"elements","name":"Elements","description":"Forms.","questions":[{"text":"Which bread and wine are used?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Are alternatives allowed?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"frequency","name":"Frequency","description":"How often.","findings":[{"id":"frequency","name":"Frequency","description":"Frequency, services, preparation requirements and who may administer communion.","questions":[{"text":"How often is it celebrated?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"In which services?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"admission","name":"Admission","description":"Who may receive.","layers":[{"id":"rules","name":"Rules","description":"Eligibility.","findings":[{"id":"admission-rule","name":"Admission rule","description":"Rule and source.","questions":[{"text":"Who may receive in this church?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Under which rule?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"accommodations","name":"Accommodations","description":"Allergies and needs.","findings":[{"id":"accommodation","name":"Accommodation","description":"Options.","questions":[{"text":"Are gluten-free or alcohol-free options allowed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Who decides?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"Development.","layers":[{"id":"origins","name":"Origins","description":"Early church.","findings":[{"id":"origin","name":"Origin","description":"Sources.","questions":[{"text":"How did the rite develop?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources document it?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"divisions","name":"Divisions","description":"Reformation debates.","findings":[{"id":"debate","name":"Debate","description":"Issue and parties.","questions":[{"text":"Which debates divided traditions?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"When?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["describe practices and beliefs neutrally with sources"],"mustNot":["declare one tradition correct","give pastoral or religious rulings"],"requiresHuman":["pastoral questions, which go to clergy of the person's church"]},"ethics":{"considerations":["respect for faith communities","neutrality"],"affectedParties":["Christians","communities"]},"owners":{"steward":"nobody; a rite; each church governs its own practice","roles":[],"masterSystems":["official church texts"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q13024547","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q13537604","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q1365637","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Christian rite","type":"related","note":"worship"},{"target":"Last Supper","type":"related","note":"event"},{"target":"Mass or Divine Liturgy","type":"related","note":"liturgical context"},{"target":"lovefeast","type":"related","note":"fellowship meal"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.communion","Wikidata: Q66086 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66086)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Bread or wafers and wine or grape juice distributed in a church service"]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["describe practice in different traditions","explain theological views neutrally","explain who may receive in each tradition in general terms","point to official church texts"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Misrepresenting a tradition's beliefs","Gluten-related conditions, allergies and alcohol-related concerns for some communicants"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Official liturgical books and doctrinal texts of each church","Code of Canon Law (Latin Church) and Eastern Catholic canon law"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Worship and the expression of faith and church unity.","Catholic Eucharist","Orthodox Holy Communion","Anglican Holy Communion","Lutheran Lord's Supper","Reformed and evangelical Lord's Supper"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Q66086","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66086","note":"identity of the registry item, labels and sitelinks"},{"title":"Eucharist","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eucharist","note":"general description of the subject"},{"title":"Catechism of the Catholic Church: The Paschal Banquet","url":"https://www.vatican.va/content/catechism/en/part_two/section_two/chapter_one/article_3/vi_the_paschal_banquet.index.html","note":"Reception, preparation, communion under one or both kinds and participation in Christ."},{"title":"Code of Canon Law, Canons 879-958","url":"https://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/eng/documents/cic_lib4-cann879-958_en.html","note":"Ministers, admission, preparation, elements and communion outside Mass."},{"title":"The Orthodox Faith: Communion","url":"https://www.oca.org/orthodoxy/the-orthodox-faith/worship/the-divine-liturgy/communion","note":"Reception as part of Divine Liturgy, both elements and admission of baptised and chrismated children."},{"title":"What is a Love Feast?","url":"https://nccumc.org/love-feast/what-is-a-love-feast/","note":"Distinction between lovefeast and the Lord's Supper."},{"title":"An Order of Sunday Worship Using the Basic Pattern","url":"https://www.umcdiscipleship.org/book-of-worship/an-order-of-sunday-worship-using-the-basic-pattern","note":"Communion within worship, grape juice and alcohol-related pastoral considerations."},{"title":"Theology Forum: What is open or closed communion?","url":"https://equip.sbts.edu/publications/towers/towers-issue/2018/sep-oct-2018/open-closed-communion-matter/","note":"Baptist ordinance terminology, symbolism and admission distinctions."}],"openQuestions":["The registry merges tradition-specific articles; should they be separate entries?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q66086/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q66086/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-10-21T21:15:45Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-21T21:38:23+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 8 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"A rite has no physical properties."},"score":1.0}}