{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.lead","code":"thing-q708","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q708/","name":"lead","alternateNames":["lead-208","lead-178","lead-179","lead-180","lead-181","lead-182","lead-183","lead-183m","lead-184","lead-185","lead-185m","lead-186"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.2","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.MAT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A dense, soft, malleable heavy metal, atomic number 82, with isotopes including the stable lead-208 and many radioactive isotopes, used historically in pipes, paint, petrol additives and solder and today in batteries, radiation shielding and ammunition; lead is toxic, especially to children, and its use is heavily regulated and monitored in water, paint, soil and air.","purpose":"Let an agent explain lead and its properties and uses, provide health and safety information on lead exposure with attribution, describe regulation and remediation, and route exposure concerns to appropriate services.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Heavy and dense","Toxic","Radiation shielding","Regulated"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"health","name":"Health","description":"Lead exposure.","layers":[{"id":"exposure","name":"Exposure","description":"Suspected exposure.","findings":[{"id":"exposure-finding","name":"Exposure","description":"Exposure.","questions":[{"text":"Is there suspected lead exposure, especially of a child, and how can blood lead testing be arranged, according to health authorities?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Which symptoms warrant urgent care?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"sources","name":"Sources","description":"Sources of exposure.","findings":[{"id":"sources-finding","name":"Sources","description":"Sources.","questions":[{"text":"What are common sources of lead exposure in homes, work and hobbies, and how are they tested?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How is lead in water and paint remediated?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"chemistry","name":"Chemistry","description":"The element.","layers":[{"id":"properties","name":"Properties","description":"Properties and isotopes.","findings":[{"id":"properties-finding","name":"Properties","description":"Properties.","questions":[{"text":"What are the physical and chemical properties of lead, and what are its isotopes, including lead-208 and radioactive isotopes?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Why is lead-208 the endpoint of decay chains?","kind":"definition"}]}]},{"id":"compounds","name":"Compounds","description":"Lead compounds.","findings":[{"id":"compounds-finding","name":"Compounds","description":"Compounds.","questions":[{"text":"Which lead compounds are important, and how are they used and regulated?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific compound?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"use","name":"Use","description":"Uses and regulation.","layers":[{"id":"uses","name":"Uses","description":"Current uses.","findings":[{"id":"uses-finding","name":"Uses","description":"Uses.","questions":[{"text":"How is lead used today in batteries, shielding and other products, and how is it recycled?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which uses have been phased out?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"regulation","name":"Regulation","description":"Regulation.","findings":[{"id":"regulation-finding","name":"Regulation","description":"Regulation.","questions":[{"text":"Which limits and restrictions on lead apply here, in water, paint, products and workplaces?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How is compliance monitored?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History and policy.","layers":[{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History of lead use.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How has lead been used since antiquity, and how did understanding of its toxicity develop?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"What happened with leaded petrol and paint?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"policy","name":"Policy","description":"Public health policy.","findings":[{"id":"policy-finding","name":"Policy","description":"Policy.","questions":[{"text":"What do public health bodies say about remaining lead burdens and priorities?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits lead poisoning?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Report lead in water, paint, soil and products from official testing and regulations.","Help find testing services and authorities when lead exposure is suspected."],"mustNot":["Downplay lead exposure risks, especially to children and pregnant women.","Advise sanding, burning or removing lead paint without protection and rules.","Present water from lead pipes as safe without testing.","Advise disposal of lead batteries or waste outside regulated routes."],"requiresHuman":["Health decisions after lead exposure.","Remediation of lead in homes or water supplies."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Lead poisoning harms children's development permanently and falls hardest on poor communities.","Workers in recycling and smelting carry heavy exposure."],"affectedParties":["Children","Pregnant women","Workers"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody owns the element; holders, water utilities and regulators answer for exposure.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Water quality and environmental monitoring records"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q105789","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"heavy metal","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"chemical element","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"oxide","type":"related","note":"lead oxides"},{"target":"Abundance of elements in Earth crust","type":"related","note":"a trace element"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.lead","Wikidata: Q708 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q708)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Mass density: Approximately 11.3 g/cm3 - This approximate value applies to solid elemental lead near room temperature.","Melting temperature: Approximately 327 degrees Celsius - This approximate value applies to pure elemental lead at ordinary atmospheric pressure.","Boiling temperature: Approximately 1749 degrees Celsius - This approximate value applies to elemental lead at ordinary atmospheric pressure."]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Dense, soft grey metal","Atomic number 82","Tin and zinc are lighter and differ in colour","A dull grey, heavy, soft metal."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain properties, isotopes and uses","provide lead exposure health information","describe regulation and testing","route exposure concerns"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Lead poisoning, especially in children","Contaminated water from lead pipes","Occupational exposure"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Drinking water and paint lead limits","Occupational exposure limits","Restrictions on lead in products such as RoHS"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["A heavy metal element with major health significance.","lead metal and alloys","lead isotopes including lead-208 and short-lived isotopes","lead compounds such as oxides and salts","lead in products such as batteries and solder","legacy lead in paint, pipes and soil"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q708: lead","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q708","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Lead","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lead","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should lead poisoning be a separate entry?","How should testing services be localised?","How should isotope data be linked?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q708/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q708/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-11T21:52:34Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:32+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}