{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.russian","code":"thing-q7737","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q7737/","name":"Russian","alternateNames":["Russian language in Japan","Russian language in the United States","Russian language in Belarus","Russian language in Finland","Russian language in Mongolia","Russian language in Georgia","Russian language in Transnistria","Russian language in Armenia","Russian language in Kyrgyzstan","Russian language in Tajikistan","Russian language in Turkmenistan","Russian language in Canada"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Information and virtual systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"INF","domain":["INF.MED"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"An East Slavic language written in the Cyrillic script, spoken as a first or second language by well over two hundred million people, official in Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan and one of the six official languages of the United Nations; its status in other countries varies and is in some cases politically contested.","purpose":"Let an agent handle Russian by grammar, script, varieties, learning resources and status, attributing positions on language policy to their sources.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["East Slavic language","Cyrillic script","Rich case system","UN official language"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"language","name":"Language","description":"Structure.","layers":[{"id":"script","name":"Script","description":"Cyrillic.","findings":[{"id":"script-finding","name":"Script","description":"Cyrillic script.","questions":[{"text":"How are these Cyrillic letters pronounced and transliterated?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which transliteration standard applies?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"grammar","name":"Grammar","description":"Cases and aspect.","findings":[{"id":"grammar-finding","name":"Grammar","description":"Grammar.","questions":[{"text":"How do cases and verb aspect work in Russian?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which grammar reference is reliable?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"status","name":"Status","description":"Official status.","layers":[{"id":"countries","name":"Countries","description":"Legal status.","findings":[{"id":"countries-finding","name":"Countries","description":"Legal status by country.","questions":[{"text":"What legal status does Russian have in this country, according to its laws?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Has it changed recently?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"contested","name":"Contested","description":"Language policy debates.","findings":[{"id":"contested-finding","name":"Contested","description":"Language policy debates.","questions":[{"text":"What positions exist on Russian language policy here, and who holds them?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the summary neutral and attributed?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"learning","name":"Learning","description":"Studying Russian.","layers":[{"id":"resources","name":"Resources","description":"Courses.","findings":[{"id":"resources-finding","name":"Resources","description":"Learning resources.","questions":[{"text":"Which resources suit this learner level?","kind":"action"},{"text":"How can cases be practised?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"exams","name":"Exams","description":"Certificates.","findings":[{"id":"exams-finding","name":"Exams","description":"Exams.","questions":[{"text":"Which certificates, such as TORFL levels, fit this goal?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Where can they be taken?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"use","name":"Use","description":"Translation and data.","layers":[{"id":"translation","name":"Translation","description":"Register.","findings":[{"id":"translation-finding","name":"Translation","description":"Translation.","questions":[{"text":"Should formal vy or informal ty be used in this translation?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Which terms differ regionally?","kind":"definition"}]}]},{"id":"speakers","name":"Speakers","description":"Statistics.","findings":[{"id":"speakers-finding","name":"Speakers","description":"Speaker numbers.","questions":[{"text":"How many speakers are there, according to recent sources?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"First or second language?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Translate, teach and explain Russian accurately.","Describe its status in each country from official sources."],"mustNot":["Treat speakers of Russian as supporters of any government.","Use the language to impersonate officials or spread disinformation.","Present the language's status in a country as settled where it is contested.","Mock or belittle speakers for their accent or variety."],"requiresHuman":["Translating legal, medical or asylum documents."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Language policy in former Soviet states is politically charged and affects minorities.","Speakers abroad face hostility linked to politics they may oppose."],"affectedParties":["Speakers of Russian","Speakers of other languages in the same states","Translators"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody owns a language; its speakers hold it in common.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Language catalogues such as ISO 639-3"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q144713","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"East Slavic language","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"Cyrillic script","type":"related","note":"script"},{"target":"Ukrainian and Belarusian","type":"related","note":"related languages"},{"target":"Russians","type":"related","note":"people"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.russian","Wikidata: Q7737 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7737)","ISO 639-1: ru language code","ISO 639-3: rus language code"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Cyrillic alphabet","Six grammatical cases","Ukrainian and Belarusian are related separate languages","Cyrillic text with letters such as ya, sh and the soft sign."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain Cyrillic script and pronunciation","find learning resources and exams","find official status by country with sources","translate with attention to register"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Conflating language with nationality or politics","Unattributed claims on language policy","Transliteration inconsistency"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["National language laws","UN official language arrangements","TORFL (TRKI) exams"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Communication, literature, science and international relations.","standard Russian","regional varieties","Russian in diaspora communities","historical Old Russian"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q7737: Russian","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7737","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Russian language","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_language","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should Russian in each country be a separate entry?","How should speaker figures be sourced?","How should transliteration schemes be linked?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q7737/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q7737/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-11T13:55:32Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:52:02+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane INF: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}