{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.truth","code":"thing-q7949","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q7949/","name":"truth","alternateNames":["absolute truth","historicity","degree of truth","ground truth","Historicity of the Homeric epics","historicity of the Bible","historical reliability of the Gospels","unconfirmed if the same character","unconfirmed"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.3","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Information and virtual systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"INF","domain":["INF.MED"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"The property of a statement, belief or proposition that corresponds to fact or reality, analysed in philosophy through correspondence, coherence, pragmatic, deflationary and other theories, treated in logic as a truth value that may in some systems admit degrees of truth, and applied in specific senses such as ground truth in measurement and machine learning, absolute truth in metaphysics and religion, and historicity as the truth of past events, including debates over the historicity of the Bible and of the Homeric epics.","purpose":"Let an agent explain truth as a philosophical and logical concept, relay the main theories with attribution, describe applied senses such as ground truth and historicity, and present contested questions such as historicity of religious and epic texts neutrally.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Property of propositions","Multiple theories","Logical truth values","Applied senses"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What truth is.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Concept.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What is truth, and how does it differ from fact, knowledge, certainty and honesty?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the question about the philosophical concept, a logical notion, ground truth or historicity?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"theories","name":"Theories","description":"Theories of truth.","findings":[{"id":"theories-finding","name":"Theories","description":"Theories.","questions":[{"text":"What do correspondence, coherence, pragmatic, deflationary and semantic theories say, with positions attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific theory?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"logic","name":"Logic","description":"Logic and science.","layers":[{"id":"values","name":"Values","description":"Truth values.","findings":[{"id":"values-finding","name":"Values","description":"Values.","questions":[{"text":"How do classical, many-valued and fuzzy logics treat truth and degrees of truth?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"groundtruth","name":"Ground truth","description":"Ground truth.","findings":[{"id":"groundtruth-finding","name":"Ground truth","description":"Ground truth.","questions":[{"text":"What is ground truth in measurement, remote sensing and machine learning?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits ground truth?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"Historicity.","layers":[{"id":"historicity","name":"Historicity","description":"Historicity.","findings":[{"id":"historicity-finding","name":"Historicity","description":"Historicity.","questions":[{"text":"How do historians assess the historicity of events and texts?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"debates","name":"Debates","description":"Contested cases.","findings":[{"id":"debates-finding","name":"Debates","description":"Debates.","questions":[{"text":"What do scholars and traditions say about the historicity of the Bible and the Homeric epics, with positions attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation neutral and attributed?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"Society and history of ideas.","layers":[{"id":"society","name":"Society","description":"Truth in society.","findings":[{"id":"society-finding","name":"Society","description":"Society.","questions":[{"text":"How do law, journalism and science establish truth, and what debates surround post-truth politics, with attribution?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits misinformation?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"ideas","name":"Ideas","description":"History of ideas.","findings":[{"id":"ideas-finding","name":"Ideas","description":"Ideas.","questions":[{"text":"How have ideas of truth developed from Aristotle and Aquinas to Tarski and contemporary debates?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits the history of philosophy?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["State what it knows, with sources, and say plainly when it does not know.","Explain philosophical theories of truth and their differences."],"mustNot":["State as true what it has reason to believe is false.","Present opinion, rumour or guesswork as established fact.","Fabricate evidence or sources to support a claim.","Declare a person a liar without evidence."],"requiresHuman":["Publishing fact-checks or corrections that name people."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Trust in information depends on honesty about what is known and unknown.","Claims to own the truth have been used to silence dissent."],"affectedParties":["Readers and users","People named in claims"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody owns the concept; it is held in common.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q108163","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"proposition","type":"related","note":"in registry terms, as a property of propositions"},{"target":"epistemology","type":"related","note":"and philosophy of language"},{"target":"truth value","type":"related","note":"in logic"},{"target":"falsehood","type":"related","note":"and with belief"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.truth","Wikidata: Q7949 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7949)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Correspondence of statements to reality","Theories of truth, truth values, degrees of truth, ground truth, absolute truth, historicity","Fact is what is the case; knowledge is justified true belief on classic views; honesty is a virtue about telling truth","Not a visible object; a property of statements."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain the concept","relay theories with attribution","describe applied senses","present contested questions neutrally"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Presenting one theory of truth as settled","Presenting historicity debates as settled","Confusing truth with certainty or consensus"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["No regulation; legal standards of evidence and journalistic codes as applied forms"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Not applicable; a concept.","theories of truth: correspondence, coherence, pragmatic, deflationary, semantic","truth values and degrees of truth in logic","absolute and relative truth","ground truth in measurement and machine learning","historicity of events and texts, including the Bible and the Homeric epics","truth in law, journalism and science"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q7949: truth","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7949","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Truth","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truth","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should theories of truth and historicity be separate primary entries?","How should philosophical references be linked?","The registry entry has merged aliases naming applied senses and specific historicity debates; should they be split off?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q7949/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q7949/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-13T03:25:34Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:52:02+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane INF: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}