{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.wellhead","code":"thing-q7981274","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q7981274/","name":"wellhead","alternateNames":[],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.4","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.BLT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"The surface termination of an oil, gas, geothermal or water well, consisting of casing heads, tubing heads, valves and spools that support the casing and tubing strings, seal the well and provide connections for a Christmas tree of valves that controls production, or for a blowout preventer during drilling; subsea wellheads sit on the seabed, and failures of well control equipment have caused disasters such as the Deepwater Horizon blowout of 2010. Wellheads are designed to pressure ratings under standards such as API Specification 6A and ISO 10423, and in water supply the term also names the protected top of a water well.","purpose":"Let an agent explain wellheads, relay components, types, standards and safety from petroleum engineering and regulatory sources at a general level, and distinguish wellheads from Christmas trees, blowout preventers, pumpjacks and water well pump houses.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Pressure containment","Casing support","Interface for trees and BOPs","Land and subsea types"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What a wellhead is.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"Is there a gas leak, fire or blowout at a well site, in which case evacuate and call emergency services?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"What is a wellhead, and how does it differ from Christmas trees, blowout preventers, pumpjacks and pump houses?","kind":"definition"}]}]},{"id":"types","name":"Types","description":"Types.","findings":[{"id":"types-finding","name":"Types","description":"Types.","questions":[{"text":"How do land, subsea, geothermal and water well heads differ?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific type?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"engineering","name":"Engineering","description":"Components.","layers":[{"id":"components","name":"Components","description":"Components.","findings":[{"id":"components-finding","name":"Components","description":"Components.","questions":[{"text":"What do casing heads, tubing heads and hangers do?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"standards","name":"Standards","description":"Standards.","findings":[{"id":"standards-finding","name":"Standards","description":"Standards.","questions":[{"text":"What do API 6A and ISO 10423 specify?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"safety","name":"Safety","description":"Well control.","layers":[{"id":"control","name":"Well control","description":"Well control.","findings":[{"id":"control-finding","name":"Well control","description":"Well control.","questions":[{"text":"How do wellheads and BOPs work together in well control?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits well control?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"incidents","name":"Incidents","description":"Incidents.","findings":[{"id":"incidents-finding","name":"Incidents","description":"Incidents.","questions":[{"text":"What did investigations find about the Deepwater Horizon blowout?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits Deepwater Horizon oil spill?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"Environment.","layers":[{"id":"abandoned","name":"Abandoned wells","description":"Abandoned wells.","findings":[{"id":"abandoned-finding","name":"Abandoned wells","description":"Abandoned wells.","questions":[{"text":"What do studies report about methane leakage from abandoned wells, with findings attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation neutral and attributed?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"geothermal","name":"Geothermal","description":"Geothermal wells.","findings":[{"id":"geothermal-finding","name":"Geothermal","description":"Geothermal.","questions":[{"text":"How do geothermal wellheads handle steam and brine?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits geothermal power?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Explain the parts and function of a wellhead and how it differs from a Christmas tree and blowout preventer.","Monitor wellhead pressures and alarms on wells the agent is authorized to watch, and report anomalies."],"mustNot":["Open, close or bypass wellhead valves or safety systems without authorization.","Override or silence well-control alarms.","Hide signs of leaks, corrosion or pressure build-up.","Approach or tamper with an abandoned well without competent supervision."],"requiresHuman":["Any well intervention or shut-in decision.","Declaring an abandoned well safe."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Wellhead failures have killed workers and caused major spills, so safety must outrank output.","Leaking abandoned wells harm water, air and climate long after production ends."],"affectedParties":["Well workers","Nearby communities","Ecosystems and fisheries"]},"owners":{"steward":"The well operator; petroleum or energy regulators license wells and hold well records.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["National well and licence registers"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q811979","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"built structure","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"Christmas tree (oil well)","type":"related"},{"target":"blowout preventer","type":"related"},{"target":"oil well","type":"related"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.wellhead","Wikidata: Q7981274 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7981274)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["API Specification 6A: wellhead and tree equipment note - also ISO 10423","pressure ratings: up to 20,000 psi or more note - high-pressure wells","Deepwater Horizon blowout: 2010 year"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Surface termination of a well","Wellhead, casing head, tubing head, subsea wellhead","Christmas trees sit on wellheads to control flow; blowout preventers are drilling safety devices; pumpjacks lift oil; pump houses shelter water pumps","Heavy steel spools, flanges and valves at the top of a well casing, on land or on the seabed."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain components and types","relay standards","describe safety and incidents","distinguish related equipment"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Blowouts and leaks","Corrosion and erosion","Abandoned well leakage"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["API Specification 6A and ISO 10423","Offshore safety regulations such as BSEE rules","Water well construction codes"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Sealing and controlling wells at the surface.","conventional land wellheads","subsea wellheads","compact and unitised wellheads","geothermal wellheads","water well heads"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q7981274: wellhead","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7981274","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Wellhead","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wellhead","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should subsea wellheads be a separate entry?","How should petroleum engineering standards be linked?","Should water well heads be disambiguated?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q7981274/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q7981274/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-13T23:07:57Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:52:02+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}