{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.chin","code":"thing-q82714","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q82714/","name":"chin","alternateNames":["double chin"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.1.0-research.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.OBJ"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"The chin is the anterior midline prominence of the human lower face whose osseous core is the mental eminence: a triangular projection at the inferior mandibular symphysis formed by the mental protuberance and paired mental tubercles, clothed by mentalis and a variable soft-tissue pad.","purpose":"Enable an AI agent to recognise a chin, record its form and observable state, and determine which observations or actions are appropriate given uncertainty and consent.","scope":{"in":["Identification and boundaries of the chin within the lower face","Chin projection, width, height, contour and symmetry","Local skin appearance, surface features and reported sensation","Changes in chin appearance during lip and jaw movement","Chin-specific observation history and constraints on contact or modification"],"out":["The mandible as a complete bone and its internal anatomy","Teeth, bite alignment and dental treatment","The lower lip and oral cavity as independently modelled regions","The neck and submental region beyond the declared chin boundary","Whole-person identity, ancestry or personality inference","Diagnosis and treatment planning for facial conditions"],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Locate the candidate region below the lower lip at the anterior lower face; a region primarily beneath the jaw requires a separate submental boundary decision.","Distinguish the central anterior chin contour from the lateral jawline and jaw angles using declared landmarks.","Distinguish the visible chin surface from underlying mandibular support; an external image alone does not establish bone shape.","Distinguish chin skin from the lower lip using the lip margin and any visible intervening contour transition.","Establish that the referent is an anatomical region rather than a beard outline, protective chin cup or depicted chin."],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"chin-identity-and-boundaries","name":"Chin identity and boundaries","description":"Establishes which anatomical region is being called the chin and where its ownership ends.","layers":[{"id":"anatomical-referent","name":"Anatomical referent","description":"Connects the chin to its host and the evidence through which it is observed.","findings":[{"id":"identified-chin-region","name":"Identified chin region","description":"Record the host and evidence supporting identification of the candidate region as a chin.","questions":[{"text":"Does this record concern a living individual's chin, a specimen or a representation of one?","id":"identified-chin-region-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which image, examination or annotation establishes the candidate region below the lower lip?","id":"identified-chin-region-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"regional-extent","name":"Regional extent","description":"Makes the transitions to the lower lip, lateral jawline and submental region explicit.","findings":[{"id":"declared-chin-boundary","name":"Declared chin boundary","description":"Record the landmarks or annotation defining the chin for this use.","questions":[{"text":"Which landmarks define the superior, inferior and lateral limits of the recorded chin?","id":"declared-chin-boundary-q01","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Are observations beneath the anterior jaw assigned to this chin or to a neighbouring submental model?","id":"declared-chin-boundary-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"chin-form-and-proportions","name":"Chin form and proportions","description":"Records chin geometry in frontal and profile views with explicit reference conditions.","layers":[{"id":"profile-projection","name":"Profile projection","description":"Describes the anterior extent and vertical profile of the chin.","findings":[{"id":"referenced-profile-measurement","name":"Referenced profile measurement","description":"Record projection and vertical extent without inferring underlying bone shape from the surface.","questions":[{"text":"Relative to which reference plane and surface landmark is chin projection measured?","id":"referenced-profile-measurement-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"What are the measured vertical extent, scale calibration and head position?","id":"referenced-profile-measurement-q02","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Does the evidence describe the external contour, underlying support or both?","id":"referenced-profile-measurement-q03","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"frontal-contour","name":"Frontal contour","description":"Describes transverse extent, alignment and local contour features.","findings":[{"id":"width-symmetry-and-cleft","name":"Width, symmetry and indentation","description":"Record frontal geometry and any visible cleft or dimple with uncertainty about obscured regions.","questions":[{"text":"What chin width and midline offset are measurable using the declared landmarks?","id":"width-symmetry-and-cleft-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Is a local cleft or dimple visible, and does it persist across views and expressions?","id":"width-symmetry-and-cleft-q02","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which apparent contour features could result from hair, shadow or head rotation?","id":"width-symmetry-and-cleft-q03","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"chin-surface-and-local-state","name":"Chin surface and local state","description":"Separates visible chin surface observations from reported sensations and unknown causes.","layers":[{"id":"surface-observation","name":"Surface observation","description":"Records what can actually be seen on the chin and what obstructs inspection.","findings":[{"id":"visible-skin-and-covering","name":"Visible skin and covering","description":"Locate surface features while distinguishing skin from hair, cosmetics, dressings and other coverings.","questions":[{"text":"Which portions of chin skin are visible, and which are obscured by beard hair or other coverings?","id":"visible-skin-and-covering-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Where are changes in colour, texture, intactness or apparent swelling observed?","id":"visible-skin-and-covering-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"reported-state-and-change","name":"Reported state and change","description":"Connects local reports and changes to their source and timing.","findings":[{"id":"chin-symptoms-and-baseline","name":"Chin symptoms and baseline","description":"Record reported sensation and departures from a documented baseline without assigning a cause.","questions":[{"text":"What pain, tenderness or altered sensation is reported specifically within the chin boundary, and by whom?","id":"chin-symptoms-and-baseline-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"When was the change first noticed, and what earlier observation supports the comparison?","id":"chin-symptoms-and-baseline-q02","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Does the intended decision require referral to a clinical model or qualified reviewer?","id":"chin-symptoms-and-baseline-q03","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"chin-movement-and-support","name":"Chin movement and support","description":"Records how chin appearance relates to lip and jaw position and distinguishes surface evidence from evidence of support.","layers":[{"id":"expression-dependent-form","name":"Expression-dependent form","description":"Links visible chin changes to observed facial movement.","findings":[{"id":"rest-and-movement-comparison","name":"Rest and movement comparison","description":"Compare chin contour and skin texture across recorded lip and jaw positions.","questions":[{"text":"What lip position, jaw position and expression accompany each chin observation?","id":"rest-and-movement-comparison-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which contour changes, dimpling or creases appear during movement and resolve at rest?","id":"rest-and-movement-comparison-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"surface-support-distinction","name":"Surface and support distinction","description":"Keeps external morphology separate from claims about bone or other underlying structures.","findings":[{"id":"supported-anatomical-attribution","name":"Supported anatomical attribution","description":"Record what evidence, if any, supports attributing chin form to an underlying structure.","questions":[{"text":"What evidence beyond external appearance is available about underlying chin support?","id":"supported-anatomical-attribution-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which questions about bone, teeth or bite must be owned by the mandibular or dental model?","id":"supported-anatomical-attribution-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"chin-observation-and-action","name":"Chin observation and action","description":"Defines conditions for useful chin observations and the limits of authorised contact or modification.","layers":[{"id":"comparable-observation","name":"Comparable observation","description":"Establishes whether images or measurements can support the intended chin comparison.","findings":[{"id":"chin-capture-adequacy","name":"Chin capture adequacy","description":"Record whether view, scale, lighting and visibility are sufficient for the requested assessment.","questions":[{"text":"Are frontal and profile views sufficient to distinguish chin contour from perspective and shadow?","id":"chin-capture-adequacy-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"What additional consented observation would resolve the specific uncertainty about chin form or surface state?","id":"chin-capture-adequacy-q02","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"contact-and-modification-limits","name":"Contact and modification limits","description":"Connects proposed chin actions to consent, local observations and the responsible specialist model.","findings":[{"id":"chin-action-eligibility","name":"Chin action eligibility","description":"Record the intended action, its authorised extent and unresolved prerequisites.","questions":[{"text":"Is the proposed action imaging, measurement, contact, grooming or anatomical modification, and what consent covers it?","id":"chin-action-eligibility-q01","kind":"action"},{"text":"What observed chin condition or reported symptom requires review before the proposed contact or modification?","id":"chin-action-eligibility-q02","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which clinical, grooming or equipment model owns the procedure and its suitability criteria?","id":"chin-action-eligibility-q03","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"evidence-and-external-alignment","name":"Evidence and external alignment","description":"What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.","layers":[{"id":"reported-evidence","name":"Reported evidence","description":"Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.","findings":[{"id":"evidence-kinds","name":"Kinds and varieties","description":"Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of chin this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-kinds-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-identifiers","name":"Identifiers and schemes","description":"Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of chin this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-identifiers-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-standards-and-regulation","name":"Standards and regulation","description":"Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of chin this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-real-world-use","name":"Real-world use","description":"Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of chin this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-real-world-use-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-measurements","name":"Typical measurements","description":"Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of chin this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-measurements-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards","name":"Failure modes and hazards","description":"Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of chin this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-regional-variation","name":"Regional variation","description":"Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of chin this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-regional-variation-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-neighbours","name":"Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart","description":"Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of chin this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-neighbours-q01","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe the anatomy of the chin from medical and anatomical sources.","Locate a chin in an image for tasks the person has consented to, such as framing a photo."],"mustNot":["Use the shape of a person's chin to identify them without consent or lawful basis.","Infer character, intelligence or ethnicity from the shape of a chin.","Recommend cosmetic surgery or fillers to a person who has not asked.","Perform or guide procedures on the face without a qualified clinician."],"requiresHuman":["Any clinical decision about injury, surgery or reconstruction of the jaw and chin."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Judging people by facial features feeds discrimination and old pseudosciences such as physiognomy.","Pressure to reshape the face can harm self-image, especially among young people."],"affectedParties":["The person whose face it is","People with facial differences","Young people"]},"owners":{"steward":"The person it belongs to; clinicians answer for its care when treated.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q112826975","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q66536543","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.chin","Wikidata: Q82714 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82714)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Referent and host: Host individual or specimen; anatomical region, depiction or representation","Boundary convention: Named landmark convention or explicitly annotated region; unresolved","Anterior projection: Millimetres relative to a declared reference plane, or calibrated image ratio; unknown","Width and vertical extent: Millimetres between declared landmarks, or calibrated image ratios","Contour and local indentation: Annotated outline; rounded, angular, tapered or other described contour; indentation present, absent or obscured","Midline alignment: Millimetres or degrees from a declared facial reference; posture recorded","Surface visibility: Visible, partly obscured or unobservable; obstruction identified","Local surface condition: Located observations of intactness, colour, texture, swelling or marks; unknown","Reported local sensation: Reported pain, tenderness, altered sensation, no symptoms reported or not assessed; time and location","Movement-dependent appearance: Observed contour or texture change linked to a specified lip or jaw position"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["The rounded prominence at the front midline of the lower face, below the lower lip.","Moves with the lower jaw when the mouth opens."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["Locate and annotate the chin in a consented image or examination record.","Measure chin dimensions and projection using declared landmarks and calibrated views.","Compare observations over time under matched posture, expression and imaging conditions.","Record local surface changes and reported symptoms for review without assigning an unsupported cause.","Determine whether visibility, consent and available expertise support a proposed observation, contact or modification.","Link chin observations to neighbouring jaw, lip or clinical models when the decision exceeds this model's scope."]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Fractures of the lower jaw from falls or blows, often hidden under a chin wound.","Numbness of the chin can signal nerve injury or disease."]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Terminologia Anatomica, issued by the Federative International Programme for Anatomical Terminology, provides standardized anatomical terminology for the chin region and associated mandibular landmarks."]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["The chin is encountered in descriptions of facial anatomy, appearance and lower-jaw form.","It serves as a landmark in clinical observation, anthropometry and facial modeling, with observations interpreted in relation to posture and surrounding tissues."]}},"sources":[{"title":"Mental protuberance","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_protuberance","note":"Gray-derived description of the triangular mental protuberance and paired mental tubercles as the bony basis of chin shape; TA98, TA2 and FMA identifiers."},{"title":"mental protuberance 730 (Terminologia Anatomica Humana unit)","url":"https://ifaa.unifr.ch/Public/TNAEntryPage/auto/unit/EN/TAH730%20Unit%20EN.htm","note":"Official IFAA term 'mental protuberance of mandible', Latin protuberantia mentalis mandibulae, TAH:U730, and the taxonomic definition as a midline prominence on the anterior mandibular body."},{"title":"Mental protuberance (Q8273077)","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8273077","note":"Wikidata item for the bony eminence, with FMA 59430, TA2 840 and TA98 A02.1.15.005."},{"title":"The human chin revisited: what is it and who has it?","url":"https://sites.pitt.edu/~jhs/articles/human_chin_revisited.pdf","note":"Anthropological distinction of mental protuberance, mental tubercles, mental fossae and mental trigon, and that basal protrusion is the primary criterion used to identify a chin."},{"title":"Mental Eminence in the Historical, Surgical and Anthropological Perspective: A Scoping Review","url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2813-0545/4/4/17","note":"Treats the human chin as mental eminence: protuberance, tubercles and ossified mandibular symphysis as one applied anatomical unit."},{"title":"Myths of Human Genetics: Cleft Chin","url":"https://udel.edu/~mcdonald/mythcleftchin.html","note":"Cleft versus smooth chin as a continuous trait with wide population and sex differences, not a single-gene dominant."},{"title":"22 Genioplasty","url":"https://plasticsurgerykey.com/22-genioplasty/","note":"Clinical use of pogonion and ANS-Me in chin assessment; Asian versus Caucasian lower-face height norms."},{"title":"Mandibular skeletal orthognathic surgery","url":"https://plasticsurgerykey.com/mandibular-skeletal-orthognathic-surgery/","note":"Soft-tissue chin height, chin-throat length and labiomental-fold proportions used in surgical facial analysis."},{"title":"Osseous genioplasty in conjunction with bimaxillary orthognathic surgery: a review of 262 consecutive cases","url":"https://www.ijoms.com/article/S0901-5027(16)00068-0/fulltext","note":"Pogonion-to-NB as the operative measure of chin projection; Riolo vertical chin-height means of 42 mm (female) and 49 mm (male)."},{"title":"Wikidata item Q82714: chin","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82714","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Chin","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chin","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Does the registry intend chin to cover only human anatomy, or also comparable regions in other species and represented figures?","Which anatomical boundary convention should govern the transition between chin, lower lip, lateral jawline and submental region?","Which landmark and capture protocols provide sufficiently repeatable chin measurements for the intended agent decisions?","Should underlying bony chin anatomy be owned here or exclusively linked from a mandible model?","Which researched criteria and specialist models should govern escalation of local changes and suitability for chin contact or modification?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q82714/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q82714/spec.json"],"providers":["Codex","Grok"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-07T09:47:47Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:33+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 8 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}