{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.handball","code":"thing-q8418","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q8418/","name":"handball","alternateNames":["field handball","men's handball","men's beach handball","indoor handball","wheelchair handball","women's handball","women's beach handball","Czech handball","beach handball"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.4","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Activities and processes","entryKind":"thing","plane":"ACT","domain":["ACT.ACT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A team sport in which two teams of seven players, including a goalkeeper, pass and throw a ball by hand to score goals, played indoors on a 40 by 20 metre court and governed internationally by the International Handball Federation, founded in 1946, with Olympic indoor handball for men since 1972 and women since 1976, and variants such as beach handball and wheelchair handball; field handball, an outdoor eleven-a-side game, was played at the 1936 Olympics. The name also refers to a foul in association football and to wall games such as American and Gaelic handball.","purpose":"Let an agent explain handball, relay rules, history, competitions and variants from IHF and sports sources, describe men s and women s competition and the named variants, and distinguish team handball from American and Gaelic handball, the football handball offence, netball and water polo.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Seven players","Goal area","Fast scoring","Strong in Europe"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What handball is.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What is handball, and how does it differ from American and Gaelic handball, the football foul, netball and water polo?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the question about rules, a competition, playing or a variant?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"variants","name":"Variants","description":"Named variants.","findings":[{"id":"variants-finding","name":"Variants","description":"Variants.","questions":[{"text":"What are field, indoor, beach and wheelchair handball, and how do men s and women s competitions differ?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific variant?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"rules","name":"Rules","description":"Rules.","layers":[{"id":"basics","name":"Basics","description":"Basic rules.","findings":[{"id":"basics-finding","name":"Basics","description":"Basics.","questions":[{"text":"What are the main rules on steps, dribbling, the goal area and passive play?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"changes","name":"Changes","description":"Rule changes.","findings":[{"id":"changes-finding","name":"Changes","description":"Changes.","questions":[{"text":"How have recent rule changes such as the empty-goal substitution altered play?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"competition","name":"Competition","description":"Competitions.","layers":[{"id":"world","name":"World","description":"World and Olympics.","findings":[{"id":"world-finding","name":"World","description":"World.","questions":[{"text":"Who has won Olympic and World Championship titles, checked against current sources?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits IHF World Men s Handball Championship?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"clubs","name":"Clubs","description":"Club handball.","findings":[{"id":"clubs-finding","name":"Clubs","description":"Clubs.","questions":[{"text":"How do the EHF Champions League and top leagues such as the Bundesliga work?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits EHF Champions League?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"History and health.","layers":[{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How did handball develop in Denmark, Germany and Sweden around 1900?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits history of handball?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"injury","name":"Injury","description":"Injury prevention.","findings":[{"id":"injury-finding","name":"Injury","description":"Injury.","questions":[{"text":"What injury prevention programmes are recommended for handball players?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits anterior cruciate ligament injury?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Report handball results, rules and fixtures from official sources.","Distinguish team handball from Gaelic, American and other games called handball."],"mustNot":["Publish personal or health data about players without consent.","Present stale competition tables or squads as current.","Encourage players to keep playing with a suspected knee, shoulder or head injury.","Assist in manipulating matches for betting."],"requiresHuman":["Medical or selection decisions for players."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Contact in handball causes knee and shoulder injuries that can end careers.","Women's and men's handball should be reported with equal care."],"affectedParties":["Players","Referees","Fans"]},"owners":{"steward":"The national federation for each country, under the international handball federation.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q216048","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q877517","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"team sport","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"International Handball Federation","type":"related"},{"target":"beach handball","type":"related"},{"target":"American handball","type":"related"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.handball","Wikidata: Q8418 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8418)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":["court size: 40 x 20 m","IHF founded: 1946 year","Olympic debut indoor: 1972 year - men, women 1976","match length: 2 x 30 min - senior"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Seven-a-side team throwing sport","Field handball, men s handball, men s beach handball, indoor handball, wheelchair handball, women s handball","American and Gaelic handball are wall games; handball in football is a foul; netball has no dribbling and different goals; water polo is played in water","Players jumping to throw a ball at a goal guarded by a keeper, inside a court with a 6-metre goal area."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain rules and variants","relay history and competitions","describe men s, women s and para forms","distinguish other sports named handball"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Knee and shoulder injuries","Confusing sports named handball","Stale competition results"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["IHF Rules of the Game","Anti-doping rules","Continental federation regulations such as EHF"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Sport and recreation.","indoor team handball","field handball historically","beach handball","wheelchair handball","men s and women s competitions"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q8418: handball","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8418","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Handball","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handball","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should men s and women s handball be separate entries?","How should IHF sources be linked?","Should field handball be a separate entry?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q8418/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q8418/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-13T20:23:44Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:52:02+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane ACT: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}