{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.concourse","code":"thing-q862212","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q862212/","name":"concourse","alternateNames":["distribution level"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.3","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.BLT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A large open area in a building or transport terminal where people gather and circulate, such as the main hall of a railway station or airport, the distribution level of a metro station between street and platforms, or the circulation spaces of stadiums and exhibition halls, providing ticketing, information, retail and access to platforms or gates; concourses are designed for crowd flow, wayfinding and safety.","purpose":"Let an agent explain concourses and their role in buildings and transport, relay design and crowd management principles from architecture and transport sources, describe examples, and distinguish concourses from platforms, halls and corridors.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Open circulation","Wayfinding hub","Retail and services","Crowd flow design"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What a concourse is.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What is a concourse, and how does it differ from a platform, corridor, lobby or hall?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the question about a concourse in general or a specific building?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"kinds","name":"Kinds","description":"Kinds.","findings":[{"id":"kinds-finding","name":"Kinds","description":"Kinds.","questions":[{"text":"How do station, airport, metro distribution level and stadium concourses differ?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific kind?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"design","name":"Design","description":"Design.","layers":[{"id":"flow","name":"Flow","description":"Crowd flow.","findings":[{"id":"flow-finding","name":"Flow","description":"Flow.","questions":[{"text":"How are concourses sized and laid out for pedestrian flow and evacuation?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"wayfinding","name":"Wayfinding","description":"Wayfinding and services.","findings":[{"id":"wayfinding-finding","name":"Wayfinding","description":"Wayfinding.","questions":[{"text":"How do signage, retail and information services shape concourse design?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits wayfinding?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"safety","name":"Safety","description":"Safety and regulation.","layers":[{"id":"codes","name":"Codes","description":"Codes.","findings":[{"id":"codes-finding","name":"Codes","description":"Codes.","questions":[{"text":"What building, fire and accessibility rules apply to concourses?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"crowds","name":"Crowds","description":"Crowd safety.","findings":[{"id":"crowds-finding","name":"Crowds","description":"Crowds.","questions":[{"text":"How are crowd risks managed in concourses at peak times and events?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits crowd safety?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"Examples and history.","layers":[{"id":"examples","name":"Examples","description":"Notable concourses.","findings":[{"id":"examples-finding","name":"Examples","description":"Examples.","questions":[{"text":"Which concourses are architecturally notable, such as Grand Central and major airports?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific building?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How did concourses develop with railway stations and airports?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits the history of railway architecture?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe the layout and function of concourses in stations and terminals.","Monitor crowd density and report it to the operator.","Give wayfinding directions that are clear and accessible."],"mustNot":["Let crowds build up beyond safe density without alerting the operator.","Block exits, stairs or emergency routes with equipment or queues.","Track individuals' movements through a concourse without a legal basis.","Confuse concourse and platform in directions to travellers."],"requiresHuman":["Closing or restricting access to a concourse during crowding.","Calling an evacuation."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Crowd crushes in concourses have killed people.","Accessible wayfinding matters for disabled and older travellers."],"affectedParties":["Travellers","Staff","Disabled and older people"]},"owners":{"steward":"The operator of the station or terminal.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q13634881","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"passageway","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"railway station","type":"related","note":"and other terminals"},{"target":"railway platform","type":"related","note":"or gates"},{"target":"crowd management","type":"related","note":"principles"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.concourse","Wikidata: Q862212 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q862212)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Grand Central Terminal main concourse: about 84 by 37 m","design flow: measured in persons per metre per minute metric"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Open circulation area in a terminal or building","Station concourses, airport concourses, metro distribution levels, stadium concourses","Platforms are where vehicles stop; corridors are narrow passages; lobbies are entrance halls","A wide open hall with ticket areas, shops and signs leading to platforms or gates."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain the concept","relay design principles","describe examples","distinguish from related spaces"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Crowd crushes and congestion","Poor wayfinding","Confusing concourse with platform"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Building and fire codes on egress capacity","Transport design standards such as station capacity guidelines","Accessibility requirements","Crowd safety guidance"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Circulating and gathering people in buildings.","railway station concourses","airport concourses and piers","metro distribution levels","stadium and arena concourses","exhibition and convention concourses","shopping centre concourses"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q862212: concourse","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q862212","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Concourse","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concourse","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should airport concourse and station concourse be separate entries?","How should design standards be linked?","How should the distribution level alias be recorded?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q862212/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q862212/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-13T04:27:06Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:52:02+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}