{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.train","code":"thing-q870","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q870/","name":"train","alternateNames":["train hotel","Ambulance train of the Bundeswehr","Regional Express","tourist train","catenary maintenance vehicle","firefighting train","Rettungszug","electric train","push–pull train","Vande Bharat","81-775.2/776.2/777.2","81-765/766/767 «Moscow»"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.OBJ"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A series of connected railway vehicles, passenger coaches or freight wagons, moved along a railway by one or more locomotives or self-propelled units.","purpose":"Let an agent handle trains by service, formation, operator, route and safety, distinct from the railway infrastructure.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Runs on rails, guided by track","A train is a service and a formation; vehicles are separate assets","Operated under railway safety regimes","Special trains such as ambulance trains exist"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"service","name":"Service","description":"Where and when it runs.","layers":[{"id":"route","name":"Route and timetable","description":"Stops and times.","findings":[{"id":"route-finding","name":"Service","description":"Route and schedule.","questions":[{"text":"Which route does this train run, calling where and when?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is it running on time now?","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"operator","name":"Operator","description":"Railway undertaking.","findings":[{"id":"operator-finding","name":"Operator","description":"The operator.","questions":[{"text":"Which operator runs it?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How are complaints and claims made?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"formation","name":"Formation","description":"Vehicles and facilities.","layers":[{"id":"vehicles","name":"Vehicles","description":"Coaches, locomotive, units.","findings":[{"id":"vehicles-finding","name":"Formation","description":"The vehicles in the formation.","questions":[{"text":"What vehicles form the train, and what is its capacity?","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which classes and facilities are available?","kind":"definition"}]}]},{"id":"accessibility","name":"Accessibility","description":"Step-free access.","findings":[{"id":"accessibility-finding","name":"Accessibility","description":"Access features.","questions":[{"text":"Is step-free boarding possible, and where are the wheelchair spaces?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"How is assistance booked?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"safety","name":"Safety","description":"Rail safety.","layers":[{"id":"systems","name":"Safety systems","description":"Signalling and train protection.","findings":[{"id":"systems-finding","name":"Train protection","description":"Protection systems.","questions":[{"text":"Which train protection system does it use?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the vehicle certified?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"incidents","name":"Incidents","description":"Accidents and investigation.","findings":[{"id":"incidents-finding","name":"Incident record","description":"Incidents and investigations.","questions":[{"text":"Has this service or route had incidents?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which body investigates rail accidents here?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"passenger-rights","name":"Passenger rights","description":"Delays and compensation.","layers":[{"id":"delays","name":"Delays","description":"Compensation.","findings":[{"id":"delays-finding","name":"Compensation","description":"Compensation rules.","questions":[{"text":"What compensation applies for this delay?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"How is it claimed?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"tickets","name":"Tickets","description":"Validity and changes.","findings":[{"id":"tickets-finding","name":"Ticket rules","description":"Ticket conditions.","questions":[{"text":"Is this ticket valid on this train?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Can it be changed or refunded?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Report timetables, delays and accessibility from the railway operator's data.","Monitor train systems and report faults to the operator."],"mustNot":["Operate or move a train it is not authorized to control.","Override signals, train protection or door interlocks.","Help people trespass on tracks or ride outside the train.","Dispatch a train with known safety faults."],"requiresHuman":["Stopping, evacuating or releasing a train after an incident."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Railway accidents can kill many; safety systems exist for good reasons.","Rail access matters for people without cars, including disabled people."],"affectedParties":["Passengers","Railway workers","People at level crossings"]},"owners":{"steward":"The railway undertaking that operates it; the rail safety authority licenses it.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Rail vehicle registers"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q106839123","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q1414135","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q15618781","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q350783","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q4354683","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q61961344","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"vehicle","type":"related","note":"rail vehicle"},{"target":"transport","type":"related","note":"rail transport"},{"target":"railway","type":"related","note":"infrastructure"},{"target":"Train as training","type":"related","note":"a homonym"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.train","Wikidata: Q870 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870)","train number: operator-specific identifies a service","European Vehicle Number: 12 digits identifies rail vehicles in Europe"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["length: 20-3000+ m - passenger to long freight trains","speed: 30-350 km/h - high-speed trains up to about 350 in service"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Coupled vehicles on rails","Train number and destination on displays","Livery and operator branding","A line of coupled vehicles on rails, powered by a locomotive or distributed traction, with a livery and destination displays."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["ride it, with a ticket","operate it, by licensed operators and drivers","track it, with real-time information","ship freight on it"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Derailments and collisions","Level crossing accidents","Delays and cancellations","Trespass and platform-edge accidents"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["EU Railway Safety Directive and TSIs","EU Rail Passenger Rights Regulation 2021/782","National railway safety law"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Moving passengers and freight by rail efficiently over short and long distances.","passenger: commuter, regional, intercity, high-speed, night trains","freight trains","tourist and heritage trains","service trains: maintenance, firefighting, rescue"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q870: train","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Train","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Train","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should services and rolling stock be separate entries?","How should accessibility data be linked for journey planning?","How should special-purpose trains be classified?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q870/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q870/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-11T05:07:43Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:52:02+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}