{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.radio","code":"thing-q872","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q872/","name":"radio","alternateNames":["AN/ARC-5","community radio","pirate radio","hospital radio","Taiwan pirate radio","pirate radio in Ireland","pirate radio in the United Kingdom","commercial radio broadcasting","radio propaganda","live radio","satellite radio","radio control"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.2","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Activities and processes","entryKind":"thing","plane":"ACT","domain":["ACT.ACT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"The technology and practice of communicating by radio waves, including sound broadcasting to listeners through public, commercial, community, hospital and unlicensed pirate stations, two-way and mobile radio for aviation, maritime, emergency and amateur use, and the underlying transmission systems; radio is regulated through spectrum licensing and content rules, and the word also names receiving sets and radio as a broadcasting medium.","purpose":"Let an agent explain radio as technology and medium, describe kinds of radio service and their regulation, support listening and amateur radio in general terms, and describe history and culture.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Radio waves","Broadcast and point-to-point","Spectrum licensing","Cultural medium"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What radio is.","layers":[{"id":"technology","name":"Technology","description":"How radio works.","findings":[{"id":"technology-finding","name":"Technology","description":"Technology.","questions":[{"text":"How do radio transmission, modulation and reception work, and how do AM, FM and digital radio differ?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is radio as technology, as a medium or as a receiving set meant?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"services","name":"Services","description":"Kinds of radio service.","findings":[{"id":"services-finding","name":"Services","description":"Services.","questions":[{"text":"How do public, commercial, community, hospital, pirate, two-way and amateur radio differ?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific service?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"use","name":"Use","description":"Listening and operating.","layers":[{"id":"listen","name":"Listen","description":"Listening to radio.","findings":[{"id":"listen-finding","name":"Listen","description":"Listening.","questions":[{"text":"How can radio be received by broadcast, digital and internet means, and how are stations found?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific station?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"amateur","name":"Amateur","description":"Amateur radio.","findings":[{"id":"amateur-finding","name":"Amateur","description":"Amateur.","questions":[{"text":"How can someone become a licensed amateur radio operator, and what rules apply?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits amateur radio?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"regulate","name":"Regulate","description":"Regulation and pirate radio.","layers":[{"id":"licensing","name":"Licensing","description":"Spectrum and licensing.","findings":[{"id":"licensing-finding","name":"Licensing","description":"Licensing.","questions":[{"text":"How is spectrum allocated and licensed, and what content rules apply to broadcasters?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits the regulator?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"pirate","name":"Pirate","description":"Pirate radio.","findings":[{"id":"pirate-finding","name":"Pirate","description":"Pirate radio.","questions":[{"text":"What is the history of pirate radio in places such as Britain, Ireland and Taiwan, and how do regulators treat unlicensed broadcasting, with positions attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation neutral and not encouraging illegal transmission?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"learn","name":"Learn","description":"History and culture.","layers":[{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History of radio.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How did radio develop from Marconi and early broadcasting to digital and internet radio?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"culture","name":"Culture","description":"Radio in culture.","findings":[{"id":"culture-finding","name":"Culture","description":"Culture.","questions":[{"text":"What roles has radio played in news, music, community and emergencies?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which misconceptions arise?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Receive and report broadcasts and transmissions it is authorized to monitor.","Transmit only on frequencies and powers its licence permits.","Explain how radio broadcasting and communication work."],"mustNot":["Transmit on emergency, aviation or maritime frequencies except in a genuine emergency or with authority.","Jam or interfere with others' transmissions.","Intercept and disclose private radio communications without lawful basis.","Broadcast false emergency alerts or impersonate a station or service."],"requiresHuman":["Transmitting on a channel used for safety of life.","Broadcasting content to the public on a licensed station."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Radio carries emergency and safety traffic that lives depend on.","Broadcast radio shapes public information and can be used for propaganda."],"affectedParties":["Listeners","Emergency services, pilots and mariners","Other licensed users"]},"owners":{"steward":"The licensed operator or broadcaster; the national spectrum regulator issues licences.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["National spectrum licence registers"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q418","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"telecommunications","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"broadcasting","type":"related","note":"the broadcasting medium"},{"target":"radio communication station","type":"related","note":"transmission facilities"},{"target":"flash","type":"related","note":"signalling"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.radio","Wikidata: Q872 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q872)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Communication by electromagnetic waves","Broadcast and two-way","Television adds video; the internet carries streams rather than radio waves","Transmitters, antennas and receivers; broadcasts heard by listeners."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain technology and medium","describe services and regulation","support listening and amateur radio","describe history and culture"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Interference","Unlicensed transmission","Loss of local radio services"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Spectrum allocation and licensing law","Broadcasting content standards","Amateur radio licensing rules"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Communication by radio waves.","public and commercial radio broadcasting","community and hospital radio","pirate and unlicensed radio","two-way, aviation, maritime and emergency radio","amateur radio"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q872: radio","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q872","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Radio","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should each service type be a separate entry?","How should regulators be linked?","How should station directories be linked?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q872/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q872/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T01:16:06Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:52:02+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane ACT: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}