{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.rubidium","code":"thing-q895","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q895/","name":"rubidium","alternateNames":["rubidium-71","rubidium-72","rubidium-73","rubidium-74","rubidium-75","rubidium-76","rubidium-77","rubidium-78","rubidium-79","rubidium-92","rubidium-93","rubidium-94"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.3","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.MAT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A chemical element with symbol Rb and atomic number 37, a soft, silvery-white alkali metal that melts just above room temperature, reacts violently with water and ignites in air; rubidium has two natural isotopes, of which rubidium-87 is weakly radioactive and used in rubidium-strontium dating, and the element is used in atomic clocks, cold atom research, photocells and specialty glass.","purpose":"Let an agent identify rubidium and its properties, relay isotopes, production and uses from reference sources, relay safety information, and distinguish it from other alkali metals.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Very reactive alkali metal","Low melting point","Rb-87 for geochronology","Atomic clock and cold atom use"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"identify","name":"Identify","description":"What rubidium is.","layers":[{"id":"properties","name":"Properties","description":"Properties.","findings":[{"id":"properties-finding","name":"Properties","description":"Properties.","questions":[{"text":"What are the physical and chemical properties of rubidium?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the question about rubidium or a neighbouring alkali metal?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"isotopes","name":"Isotopes","description":"Isotopes.","findings":[{"id":"isotopes-finding","name":"Isotopes","description":"Isotopes.","questions":[{"text":"Which isotopes exist, and how is rubidium-87 used in dating?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific isotope?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"source","name":"Source","description":"Occurrence and production.","layers":[{"id":"occurrence","name":"Occurrence","description":"Occurrence.","findings":[{"id":"occurrence-finding","name":"Occurrence","description":"Occurrence.","questions":[{"text":"Where does rubidium occur, and how is it extracted as a by-product of lithium and caesium?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits lepidolite?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"supply","name":"Supply","description":"Supply.","findings":[{"id":"supply-finding","name":"Supply","description":"Supply.","questions":[{"text":"Who produces rubidium, and in what quantities, with sources?","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"use","name":"Use","description":"Uses and safety.","layers":[{"id":"uses","name":"Uses","description":"Uses.","findings":[{"id":"uses-finding","name":"Uses","description":"Uses.","questions":[{"text":"How is rubidium used in atomic clocks, cold atom physics, photocells and glass?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits the rubidium standard?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"safety","name":"Safety","description":"Safety.","findings":[{"id":"safety-finding","name":"Safety","description":"Safety.","questions":[{"text":"What hazards does rubidium present, and how is it handled?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the user planning to handle it, which needs trained supervision?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"History.","layers":[{"id":"discovery","name":"Discovery","description":"Discovery.","findings":[{"id":"discovery-finding","name":"Discovery","description":"Discovery.","questions":[{"text":"How was rubidium discovered by Bunsen and Kirchhoff in 1861 by spectroscopy?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"research","name":"Research","description":"Research role.","findings":[{"id":"research-finding","name":"Research","description":"Research.","questions":[{"text":"Why is rubidium favoured in Bose-Einstein condensate and quantum research?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits Bose-Einstein condensate?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe rubidium's properties and its use in atomic clocks and rubidium-strontium dating.","Explain safe storage requirements in general terms and point to safety data sheets.","Distinguish rubidium from caesium in applications."],"mustNot":["Handle, open or move rubidium samples outside a controlled laboratory.","Expose rubidium to water or air or assist anyone in doing so for effect.","Dispose of rubidium or its compounds as ordinary waste.","Confuse rubidium with caesium in specifications."],"requiresHuman":["Transporting or disposing of rubidium metal."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Alkali metals cause fires and burns when mishandled; bystanders can be hurt.","Atomic clocks based on rubidium support navigation and networks people rely on."],"affectedParties":["Laboratory workers","Emergency responders","Waste handlers"]},"owners":{"steward":"The laboratory or holder of the material, under hazardous materials rules.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q19557","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q208106","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q428766","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"alkali metal","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"s-block element","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"atomic clock","type":"related","note":"the rubidium standard"},{"target":"rubidium-strontium dating","type":"related","note":"through Rb-87"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.rubidium","Wikidata: Q895 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q895)","symbol: Rb","CAS: 7440-17-7"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["atomic number: 37 Z","standard atomic weight: 85.468 u","melting point: 39.3 degrees C","rubidium-87 half-life: about 49 billion years"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Element 37, symbol Rb","Alkali metal, highly reactive","Potassium and caesium are the neighbouring alkali metals","A soft, silvery-white metal stored under inert gas or oil, tarnishing rapidly in air."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["relay properties and isotopes","explain production and uses","relay safety information","distinguish from other alkali metals"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Fire and explosion on contact with water or air","Caustic hydroxide formation","Confusion with caesium in applications"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Hazardous material handling and transport rules for alkali metals","Chemical safety data sheets"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Atomic clocks, research, photocells and specialty glass.","rubidium metal","rubidium compounds such as the chloride and carbonate","isotopes from rubidium-71 to rubidium-103, with Rb-85 stable and Rb-87 long-lived","rubidium in atomic physics"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q895: rubidium","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q895","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Rubidium","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubidium","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should isotopes be separate entries?","How should reference data be linked?","The registry entry has merged aliases naming isotopes; should they be split off?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q895/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q895/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T22:38:08Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:52:02+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}